From 03c0c438523caca3a703b552ee9451ec2e6fd5e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Trupti Kini Date: Sun, 3 Jan 2016 23:30:10 +0600 Subject: Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/11.1new.png A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.1new.png A Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.4new.png A sample_notebooks/ChandraShiva/CHAPTER09.ipynb A "sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb" A sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb --- .../Chapter11_1.ipynb | 76 ++ .../Chapter12_1.ipynb | 79 ++ .../Chapter14_1.ipynb | 238 ++++++ .../Chapter1_1.ipynb | 850 +++++++++++++++++++++ .../Chapter2_1.ipynb | 262 +++++++ .../Chapter4_1.ipynb | 205 +++++ .../Chapter5_1.ipynb | 398 ++++++++++ .../Chapter6_1.ipynb | 321 ++++++++ .../Chapter7_1.ipynb | 76 ++ .../Chapter9_1.ipynb | 144 ++++ .../screenshots/11.1new.png | Bin 0 -> 94217 bytes .../screenshots/5.1new.png | Bin 0 -> 87046 bytes .../screenshots/5.4new.png | Bin 0 -> 89044 bytes sample_notebooks/ChandraShiva/CHAPTER09.ipynb | 325 ++++++++ .../Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb | 231 ++++++ sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb | 419 ++++++++++ 16 files changed, 3624 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb create mode 100644 Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb create mode 100644 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b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter11_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:732d8b53b905e9628a3915cdb529a16e94d453d40d081213ccbffa2aa86b0393" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 11: Transducers as Input Elements to Instrumentation Systems" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex11.1:pg-317" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find change in resistance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 11-1 in Page 317\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "K =2 #Gauge factor \n", + "s = 1050 #stress in kg/cm**2\n", + "E = 2.1*10**6 #modulus of elasticity of steel in kg/cm**2\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "strain = s/E #Hooke's law\n", + "change_in_resistance = K*strain\n", + "percentchange = change_in_resistance * 100\n", + "\n", + "print \"The change in resistance = \",round(change_in_resistance,3)\n", + "print \"The percentage change in resistance = \",round(percentchange,1),\"%\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The change in resistance = 0.001\n", + "# The percentage change in resistance = 0.1 % \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The change in resistance = 0.001\n", + "The percentage change in resistance = 0.1 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9931f7a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter12_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:35e2428d62ffd12f9aa6768ec790c12643a1c151cf26ec0bf1b75220b1f3f8dd" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 12:Analog and Digital Data Acquisition Systems" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex12.1:pg-360" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find percentage error\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 12-1 in Page 360\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "R = 1 #Resistance of the wire in ohm\n", + "R_L = 10*10**3 #Load resistance in ohm\n", + "I_supply = 50*10**-3 #power supply current in A\n", + "V_out = 1 #output of the amplifier in V\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "V_L = (V_out+(I_supply*R))*R_L/(2*R+R_L)\n", + "print \"The load voltage calculated = \",round(V_L,2)\n", + "\n", + "percenterror = ceil((V_L -V_out)/V_L*100)\n", + "print \"The percentage error is about \",round(percenterror),\"%, which is unacceptable in most systems\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The load voltage calculated = 1.05\n", + "# The percentage error is about 5 %, which is unacceptable in most systems \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The load voltage calculated = 1.05\n", + "The percentage error is about 5.0 %, which is unacceptable in most systems\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..50e462df --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter14_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,238 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:7da8fa256cdbc53a73e82048dec92ae378065cdecb2b93cd68e82575348dba15" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 14:Fiber Optics Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex14.1:pg-392" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find acceptance angle and numerical aperture\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 14-1 in Page 392\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "n_2 = 1.45 #Core index of refraction\n", + "n_1 = 1.47 #Cladding index of refraction\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "theta_c = math.acos(n_2/n_1)\n", + "theta_A = 2*math.asin(n_1*math.sin(theta_c))\n", + "NA = math.sqrt(n_1**2 -n_2**2)\n", + "\n", + "print \"The critical angle of the fiber =\",round(theta_c*180/math.pi,2),\"degree\\n\"\n", + "print \"The acceptance angle of the fiber =\",round(theta_A*180/math.pi,2),\" degree\\n\"\n", + "print \"The numerical aperture of the fiber = \",round(NA,3)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The critical angle of the fiber = 9.46 degree\n", + "# The acceptance angle of the fiber = 27.97 degree\n", + "# The numerical aperture of the fiber = 0.242 \n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The critical angle of the fiber = 9.46 degree\n", + "\n", + "The acceptance angle of the fiber = 27.97 degree\n", + "\n", + "The numerical aperture of the fiber = 0.242\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex14.2:pg-393" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find loss in the fiber\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 14-2 in Page 393\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "NA_1 = 0.3 # numerical apertures of Source fiber\n", + "NA_2 = 0.242 #numerical apertures of receiving fiber\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "loss = 20*math.log10(NA_1/NA_2)\n", + "print \"The energy that is lost through the cladding of the receiving fiber = \",round(loss,2),\" dB\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The energy that is lost through the cladding of the receiving fiber = 1.87 dB \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The energy that is lost through the cladding of the receiving fiber = 1.87 dB\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex14.3:pg-395" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find current developed in photodiode\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 14-3 in Page 395\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "h = 6.63*10**-34 #Planck's constant\n", + "c = 3*10**8 #Speed of light in m/s\n", + "Lambda = 1.3*10**-6 # photon wavelength in m\n", + "QE = 0.82 #Quantum efficiency\n", + "p = 75*10**-6 #Power in W\n", + "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge of an electron\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "e = h*c/Lambda\n", + "N = p/e\n", + "N_QE= QE*N\n", + "I = N_QE*q\n", + "print \"The current developed in a PIN photodiode = \",round(I,7),\" A\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The current developed in a PIN photodiode = 6.43e-05 A \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The current developed in a PIN photodiode = 6.43e-05 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex14.4:pg-401" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find elapsed time\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 14-4 in Page 401\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "n = 1.55 #index of refraction \n", + "c = 3*10**8 #speed of light in m/s\n", + "d = 1.4*10**3 #Distance in m\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "v = c/n\n", + "t = d/v\n", + "print \"t = \",round(t,7),\"s\"\n", + "print \"Since twice the time to reach the break is required for the reflection to arrive at the reflectometer,\"\n", + "print \"Hence the total elapsed time = \",round(2*t,8),\"s\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# t = 7.2e-06 s \n", + "# Since twice the time to reach the break is required for the reflection to arrive at the reflectometer, \n", + "# Hence the total elapsed time = 1.447e-005 s \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "t = 7.2e-06 s\n", + "Since twice the time to reach the break is required for the reflection to arrive at the reflectometer,\n", + "Hence the total elapsed time = 1.447e-05 s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b8d9a428 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter1_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,850 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:378f7ba638588e9967d820c5fdb2d68cb7fcb0df3a9779d66b000d4f2aab3ac3" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 01: Measurement and Error" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.1:pg-3" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Average voltage Range of error\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-1 in Page 3\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "E_1 = 117.02 # Voltage observed by 1st observer is 117.02V\n", + "E_2 = 117.11 # Voltage observed by 2nd observer is 117.11V\n", + "E_3 = 117.08 # Voltage observed by 3rd observer is 117.08V\n", + "E_4 = 117.03 # Voltage observed by 4th observer is 117.03V\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "E_av = (E_1+E_2+E_3+E_4)/4\n", + "print \"(a) The average voltage, E_av =\",E_av,\"V\"\n", + "\n", + "E_max = max (E_1,E_2,E_3,E_4) # Maximum value among the 4 nos\n", + "E_min = min (E_1,E_2,E_3,E_4) # Minimum value among the 4 nos\n", + "\n", + "range_1 = E_max - E_av # Range calculated using two different formulae\n", + "range_2 = E_av - E_min # Range calculated using two different formulae\n", + "\n", + "avg_range = (range_1+range_2)/2\n", + "print \"(b) The average range of error = +/-\",round(avg_range,2),\"V\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# (a) The average voltage, E_av = 117.06 V\n", + "# (b) The average range of error = +/- 0.05 V \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The average voltage, E_av = 117.06 V\n", + "(b) The average range of error = +/- 0.05 V\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.2:pg-4" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Total resistance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-2 in Page 4\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "R_1 = 18.7 # The first resistance is 18.7ohm\n", + "R_2 = 3.624 # The second resistance is 3.624ohm\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "R_T = R_1 + R_2 # formula to calculate total resistance in series\n", + "print \"The total resistance connected in series =\",R_T,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "print \"As one of the resistance is accurate to only tenths of an ohm, The result should be reduced to the nearest tenth. \\n Hence \"\n", + "print \"the total resistance is =\",round(R_T,1),\" ohm\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The total resistance connected in series = 22.324 ohm\n", + "# As one of the resistance is accurate to only tenths of an ohm, The result should be reduced to the nearest tenth. \n", + "# Hence the total resistance is = 22.3 ohm \n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The total resistance connected in series = 22.324 ohm\n", + "\n", + "As one of the resistance is accurate to only tenths of an ohm, The result should be reduced to the nearest tenth. \n", + " Hence \n", + "the total resistance is = 22.3 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.3:pg-4" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find voltage drop across resistor\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-3 in Page 4\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "I = 3.18 #Current flowing through the resistor = 3.18A\n", + "R = 35.68 # The value of resistor = 35.68ohm\n", + "\n", + "# Calculations\n", + "E = I*R\n", + "print \"The voltage drop across the resistor = \",E,\"volts\"\n", + "print \"Since there are 3 significant figures involved in the multiplication, the result can be written only to a max of 3 significant figures\"\n", + "print \"Hence the voltage drop across the resistor = \",round(E),\" volts\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The voltage drop across the resistor = 113.4624 volts \n", + "# Since there are 3 significant figures involved in the multiplication, the result can be written only to a max of 3 significant figures \n", + "# Hence the voltage drop across the resistor = 113 volts \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The voltage drop across the resistor = 113.4624 volts\n", + "Since there are 3 significant figures involved in the multiplication, the result can be written only to a max of 3 significant figures\n", + "Hence the voltage drop across the resistor = 113.0 volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.4:pg-5" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find sum with range of doubt\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-4 in Page 5\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# let N_1 = X_1 +/- Y_1\n", + "# N_2 = X_2 +/- Y_2\n", + "X_1 = 826.0\n", + "Y_1 = 5\n", + "X_2 = 628.0\n", + "Y_2 = 3\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "X = (X_1 + X_2)\n", + "Y = (Y_1 + Y_2)\n", + "print \"SUM = \",X,\" +/- \",Y\n", + "doubt = Y/X*100\n", + "print \"The percentage range of doubt = +/-\",round(doubt,3)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# SUM = 1454 +/- 8\n", + "# The percentage range of doubt = +/-0.55% \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "SUM = 1454.0 +/- 8\n", + "The percentage range of doubt = +/- 0.55\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.5:pg-5" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find difference with range of doubt\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-5 in Page 5\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# let N_1 = X_1 +/- Y_1\n", + "# N_2 = X_2 +/- Y_2\n", + "X_1 = 826.0\n", + "Y_1 = 5\n", + "X_2 = 628\n", + "Y_2 = 3\n", + "\n", + "X = (X_1 - X_2)\n", + "Y = (Y_1 + Y_2)\n", + "print \"SUM = \",X,\" +/- \",Y\n", + "doubt = Y/X*100\n", + "print \"The percentage range of doubt = +/-\",round(doubt,3)\n", + "#Result\n", + "# Difference = 198 +/- 8\n", + "# The percentage range of doubt = +/-4.04% \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "SUM = 198.0 +/- 8\n", + "The percentage range of doubt = +/- 4.04\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.6:pg-5" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find difference with range of doubt\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-6 in Page 5\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# let N_1 = X_1 +/- Y_1\n", + "# N_2 = X_2 +/- Y_2\n", + "X_1 = 462.0\n", + "Y_1 = 4\n", + "X_2 = 437.0\n", + "Y_2 = 4\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "X = (X_1 - X_2)\n", + "Y = (Y_1 + Y_2)\n", + "print \"SUM = \",X,\" +/- \",Y\n", + "doubt = Y/X*100\n", + "print \"The percentage range of doubt = +/-\",round(doubt,3)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# Difference = 25 +/- 8\n", + "# The percentage range of doubt = +/-32.00% \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "SUM = 25.0 +/- 8\n", + "The percentage range of doubt = +/- 32.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 20 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.7:pg-6" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Apparent and actual resistance \n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-7 in Page 6\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "I_T = 5*(10**-3) # Reading of the milliammeter in ampere\n", + "V_T = 100 # Reading of the voltmeter in volt\n", + "sensitivity = 1000 # sensitivity of voltmeter in ohm/volt\n", + "scale = 150 # scale of the voltmeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "R_T = V_T / I_T # formula to calculate total circuit resistance\n", + "print \"(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = \",R_T,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "R_V = sensitivity * scale # calculating resistance of voltmeter\n", + "R_X = (R_T * R_V)/(R_V - R_T) # effective circuit resistance due to loading effect\n", + "print \"(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = \",round(R_X,2),\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "percentage_error = (R_X - R_T)*100/ R_X\n", + "# %error = (actual-apparent)/ actual\n", + "print \"(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = \",round(percentage_error,2),\"%\"\n", + "\n", + "#result\n", + "# (a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 20000 ohm\n", + "# (b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 23076.92 ohm\n", + "# (c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 13.33% \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# The result shown in the textbook is printed incorrectly and does not match with the correct result\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 20000.0 ohm\n", + "\n", + "(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 23076.92 ohm\n", + "\n", + "(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 13.33 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.8:pg-7" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Apparent and actual resistance \n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-8 in Page 7\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "I_T = 800*(10**-3) # Reading of the milliammeter in ampere\n", + "V_T = 40 # Reading of the voltmeter in volt\n", + "sensitivity = 1000 # sensitivity of voltmeter in ohm/volt\n", + "scale = 150 # scale of the voltmeter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "R_T = V_T / I_T # formula to calculate total circuit resistance\n", + "print \"(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = \",R_T,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "R_V = sensitivity * scale # calculating resistance of voltmeter\n", + "R_X = (R_T * R_V)/(R_V - R_T) # effective circuit resistance due to loading effect\n", + "print \"(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = \",round(R_X,2),\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "percentage_error = (R_X - R_T)*100/ R_X\n", + "# %error = (actual-apparent)/ actual\n", + "print \"(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = \",round(percentage_error,2),\"%\"\n", + "\n", + "#result\n", + "# (a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 50.00 ohm\n", + "# (b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 50.02 ohm\n", + "# (c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 0.03% \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# The result shown in the textbook is printed incorrectly and does not match with the correct result\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The apparent circuit resistance neglecting the resistance of milliammeter, R_T = 50.0 ohm\n", + "\n", + "(b) The actual circuit resistance with the loading effect of voltmeter, R_X = 50.02 ohm\n", + "\n", + "(c) The percentage error due to loading effect of voltmeter = 0.03 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 23 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.9:pg-9" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Arithmatic mean and deviation from mean\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-9 in Page 9\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# Independent current measurements taken by six observers\n", + "I_1 = 12.8*(10**-3)\n", + "I_2 = 12.2*(10**-3)\n", + "I_3 = 12.5*(10**-3)\n", + "I_4 = 13.1*(10**-3)\n", + "I_5 = 12.9*(10**-3)\n", + "I_6 = 12.4*(10**-3)\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "arithmatic_mean = (I_1 +I_2 +I_3 +I_4 +I_5 +I_6)/6\n", + "print \"(a) The arithmatic mean of the observations =\",arithmatic_mean,\"A\"\n", + "\n", + "d_1 = I_1 - arithmatic_mean\n", + "d_2 = I_2 - arithmatic_mean\n", + "d_3 = I_3 - arithmatic_mean\n", + "d_4 = I_4 - arithmatic_mean\n", + "d_5 = I_5 - arithmatic_mean\n", + "d_6 = I_6 - arithmatic_mean\n", + "\n", + "#deviation calculated using the formula d_n = x_n - arithmatic_mean\n", + "disp('(b) The deviations from the mean are:' )\n", + "print \"d_1 = \",d_1,\" A\\n d_2 = \",d_2,\" A\\n d_3 = \",d_3,\" A\\n d_4 = \", d_4,\" A\\n d_5 = \",d_5,\" A\\n d_6 =\",d_6,\" A\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# (a) The arithmatic mean of the observations =0.01265 A \n", + "# (b) The deviations from the mean are: \n", + "# d_1 = 0.00015 A\n", + "# d_2 = -0.00045 A\n", + "# d_3 = -0.00015 A\n", + "# d_4 = 0.00045 A\n", + "# d_5 = 0.00025 A\n", + "# d_6 = -0.00025 A\n", + " \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The arithmatic mean of the observations = 0.01265 A\n", + "(b) The deviations from the mean are:\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "d_1 = 0.00015 A\n", + " d_2 = -0.00045 A\n", + " d_3 = -0.00015 A\n", + " d_4 = 0.00045 A\n", + " d_5 = 0.00025 A\n", + " d_6 = -0.00025 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.10:pg-10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Average deviation\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-10 in Page 10\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# These are the data found out from the example_1-9\n", + "d_1 = 0.000150\n", + "d_2 = -0.000450\n", + "d_3 = -0.000150\n", + "d_4 = 0.000450\n", + "d_5 = 0.000250\n", + "d_6 = -0.000250\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "D = (abs(d_1) +abs(d_2) +abs(d_3) +abs(d_4) +abs(d_5) +abs(d_6))/6\n", + "print \"The average deviation, D = \",round(D,6),\"A\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The average deviation, D = 2.83e-004 A \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The average deviation, D = 0.000283 A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 32 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.11:pg-14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Std deviation and Probable error \n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-11 in Page 14\n", + "\n", + "import numpy\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# let the 10 resistance measurements in ohm be taken as elements of matrix\n", + "x = [101.2,101.7,101.3,101.0,101.5,101.3,101.2,101.4,101.3,101.1]\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "arithmatic_mean = numpy.mean(x)\n", + "sigma = numpy.std(x)\n", + "probable_error = 0.6745 * sigma\n", + "print \"(a) The arithmatic mean of the readings = \",arithmatic_mean,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "print \"(b) The standard deviation of the readings = \",round(sigma,1),\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "print \"(c) The probable error of the readings = \",round(probable_error,2),\"ohm\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# (a) The arithmatic mean of the readings = 101.3 ohm\n", + "# (b) The standard deviation of the readings = 0.2 ohm\n", + "# (c) The probable error of the readings = 0.13 ohm \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The arithmatic mean of the readings = 101.3 ohm\n", + "\n", + "(b) The standard deviation of the readings = 0.2 ohm\n", + "\n", + "(c) The probable error of the readings = 0.13 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 37 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.12:pg-14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Limiting error \n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-12 in Page 14\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "scale = 150\n", + "percentage_accuracy = 1/100 # accuracy of 1% full scale reading\n", + "V = 83 #voltage measured by instrument = 83 volt \n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "limiting_error = percentage_accuracy * scale\n", + "print \"The magnitude of the limiting error = %0.1f V\\n\",limiting_error)\n", + "\n", + "percentage_error = limiting_error/V * 100\n", + "print \"The percentage limiting error = %0.2f percent\",percentage_error)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The magnitude of the limiting error = 1.5 V\n", + "# The percentage limiting error = 1.81 percent \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.13:pg-15" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find the maximum error\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-13 in Page 15\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# For the given tolerence of 0.1% \n", + "# highest value of resistor is 1.001 times the nominal value\n", + "# lowest value of resistor is 0.999 times the nominal value\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "V_out_max = 1.001 * 1.001/ 0.999\n", + "V_out_min = 0.999 * 0.999/ 1.003\n", + "total_var = 0.1 * 3 # total variation of the resultant voltage is sum of tolerences\n", + "print \"The total variation of the resultant voltage = +/- \",total_var,\"%\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The total variation of the resultant voltage = +/- 0.3 %\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The total variation of the resultant voltage = +/- 0.3 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 38 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex1.14:pg-16" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find limiting error\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 1-14 in Page 16\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# let I = X_1 +/- Y_1\n", + "# R = X_2 +/- Y_2\n", + "X_1 = 2.00\n", + "Y_1 = 0.5\n", + "X_2 = 100\n", + "Y_2 = 0.2\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "P_1 = ((1+0.005)**2)*(1+0.002)\n", + "print \"For the worst possible combination of the values of current and resistance,\\nThe highest power dissipation becomes,\\n\"\n", + "print \"P = \",round(P_1,3),\" (I**2)*R Watts\"\n", + "P_2 = ((1-0.005)**2)*(1-0.002)\n", + "print \"For the lowest power dissipation.\\nP = \",round(P_2,3),\" (I**2)*R Watts\\n\"\n", + "lim_error = 2 * Y_1 + Y_2\n", + "print \"The limiting error = +/- \",lim_error,\"%\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# For the worst possible combination of the values of current and resistance,\n", + "# The highest power dissipation becomes,\n", + "# P = 1.012 (I**2)*R Watts\n", + "# For the lowest power dissipation.\n", + "# P = 0.988 (I**2)*R Watts\n", + "# The limiting error = +/- 1.2% \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "For the worst possible combination of the values of current and resistance,\n", + "The highest power dissipation becomes,\n", + "\n", + "P = 1.012 (I**2)*R Watts\n", + "For the lowest power dissipation.\n", + "P = 0.988 (I**2)*R Watts\n", + "\n", + "The limiting error = +/- 1.2 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 41 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d6153f2a --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter2_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,262 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:3fb09c0fd0a89152f5948cdf5eed31775a718eb29c5fc9edfb34ed6af2984184" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 02:Systems of Units of Measurement" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex2.1:pg-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To convert area in metre to feet\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 2-1 in Page 29\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "A_m = 5000 # area in metre**2 unit\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "A_ft = A_m * (1/0.3048)**2 # As 1ft = 0.3048m\n", + "print \"The area in feet = \",round(A_ft),\" sq.ft\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The area in feet = 53820 sq.ft \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The area in feet = 53820.0 sq.ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex2.2:pg-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To convert flux density to different units\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 2-2 in Page 29\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "B_cm = 20 # flux density in maxwell/sq.cm\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "\n", + "B_in = B_cm *2.54**2 # converting to lines/sq.inch\n", + "print \"The flux density in lines/sq.in =\",round(B_in),\" lines/(in**2)\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The flux density in lines/sq.in = 129 lines/(in**2) \n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The flux density in lines/sq.in = 129.0 lines/(in**2)\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex2.3:pg-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To convert velocity to a different unit\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 2-3 in Page 29\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "c_s = 2.997925 * 10**8 # velocity in m/s\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "c_hr = 2.997925 *10**8* 1/10**3* 3.6*10**3 # velocity in km/hr\n", + "print \"The velocity of light in km/hr = \",\"{:.3E}\".format(c_hr),\" km/hr\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result \n", + "# The velocity of light in km/hr = 1.079e+009 km/hr " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The velocity of light in km/hr = 1.079E+09 km/hr\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex2.4:pg-29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To convert density to a different unit\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 2-4 in Page 29\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "Density_ft = 62.5\n", + "\n", + "#Calcualtions\n", + "Density_in = 62.5 * (1/12.0)**3\n", + "Density_cm = Density_in * 453.6 * (1/2.54)**3\n", + "print \"(a) The density of water in lb/cubic inch = \",round(Density_in,6),\" lb/(in**3).\\n\"\n", + "print \"(b) The density of water in g/cubic cm = \",round(Density_cm,6), \"g/(cm**3).\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# (a) The density of water in lb/cubic inch = 0.036169 lb/(in**3).\n", + "# (b) The density of water in g/cubic cm = 1.001171 g/(cm**3). \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The density of water in lb/cubic inch = 0.036169 lb/(in**3).\n", + "\n", + "(b) The density of water in g/cubic cm = 1.001171 g/(cm**3).\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex2.5:pg-30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To convert speed limit to a different unit\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 2-5 in Page 30\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "speed_km = 60 # speed limit in km/hr\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "speed_m = 60 *10**3 *10**2 *(1/2.54) *(1/12.0)*(1.0/5280)\n", + "speed_ft = 37.3 *5280 *(1/(3.6*10**3))\n", + "\n", + "print \"(a) The speed limit in m/hr = \",round(speed_m,1),\" mi/hr\\n\"\n", + "print \"(b) The speed limit in ft/s = \",round(speed_ft,1),\" ft/s\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# (a) The speed limit in m/hr = 37.3 mi/hr\n", + "# (b) The speed limit in ft/s = 54.7 ft/s \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#The answer given in textbook is printed incorrectly and does not match with calculated answer\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "(a) The speed limit in m/hr = 37.3 mi/hr\n", + "\n", + "(b) The speed limit in ft/s = 54.7 ft/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..24c0b710 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter4_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:64806c92fa281af49163b9223c9066fa5ecaf4c15607a74619b7aa4d692f5ef8" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "**Chapter 04:Electromechanical Indicating Instruments" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex4.1:pg-56" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find Shunt resistance required\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 4-1 in Page 56\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "I_m = 1*(10.0**-3) #Full scale deflection of the movement in ampere\n", + "R_m = 100.0 #Internal resistance of the movement(the coil) in ohm\n", + "I = 100.0*(10**-3) #Full scale of the ammeter including the shunt in Ampere\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "I_s = I - I_m # calculating current through shunt\n", + "R_s = I_m * R_m/ I_s #calculating shunt to be added\n", + "print \"The value of the shunt resistance required, R_s =\",round(R_s,2),\"ohm\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The value of the shunt resistance required, R_s = 1.01 ohm\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The value of the shunt resistance required, R_s = 1.01 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "**Ex4.2:pg-57" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To design Ayrton shunt\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 4-2 in Page 57\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "I_1 = 1 #Full scale currents of the ammeter in amp\n", + "I_2 = 5\n", + "I_3 = 10\n", + "R_m = 50 #Internal resistance of the movement(the coil) in ohm\n", + "I_m = 1*(10**-3) #Full scale deflection of the movement in ampere\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "# On the 1-A range: \n", + "I_s1 = I_1 - I_m # calculating current through shunt\n", + "#Using the eq. R_s = I_m * R_m/ I_s\n", + "#1 R_a +R_b +R_c = I_m * R_m/ I_s # As (R_a +R_b +R_c) are parallel with R_m\n", + "\n", + "# On the 5-A range\n", + "I_s2 = I_2 - I_m\n", + "#2 R_a +R_b = I_m * (R_c +R_m)/ I_s # As (R_a+R_b) in parallel with (R_c+R_m)\n", + "\n", + "# On the 10-A range\n", + "I_s3 = I_3 - I_m\n", + "#3 R_a = I_m * (R_b +R_c +R_m)/ I_s # As R_a is parallel with (R_b +R_c +R_m)\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#Solving the 3 simultaneous linear equations\n", + "function y = rr(R)\n", + "y[0]= R[0] +R[1] +R[2] - (I_m * R_m/ I_s1)\n", + "y[1]= R[0] +R[1] -(I_m * (R[2] +R_m)/ I_s2)\n", + "y[2]= R[0] -[I_m * (R[1] +R[2] +R_m)/ I_s3)\n", + "endfunction\n", + "\n", + "answer = fsolve([0.10.10.1],rr)\n", + "R_a = answer([0])\n", + "R_b = answer([1])\n", + "R_c = answer([2])\n", + "\n", + "disp('The different resistors used for the ayrton shunt for different ranges are:')\n", + "print \"R_a = \",R_a,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "print \"R_b = \",R_b,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "print \"R_c = \",R_c,\" ohm\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The different resistors used for the ayrton shunt for different ranges are: \n", + "# R_a = 0.005005 ohm\n", + "# R_b = 0.005005 ohm\n", + "# R_c = 0.040040 ohm \n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To design multirange dc voltmeter\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 4-3 in Page 60\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "R_m = 100 # internal resistance of movement\n", + "I_fsd = 1*(10**-3) #full-scale current in Amp\n", + "V_1 = 10 #different ranges in volt\n", + "V_2 = 50\n", + "V_3 = 250\n", + "V_4 = 500\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "\n", + "#For the 10-V range\n", + "R_T = V_1 / I_fsd\n", + "R_4 = R_T - R_m\n", + "print \"The value of the resistance R_4 = \",R_4,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "#For the 50-V range\n", + "R_T = V_2 / I_fsd\n", + "R_3 = R_T - (R_4 +R_m)\n", + "print \"The value of the resistance R_3 = \",R_3/1000,\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "#For the 250-V range\n", + "R_T = V_3 / I_fsd\n", + "R_2 = R_T -(R_3 +R_4 +R_m)\n", + "print \"The value of the resistance R_2 = %dk ohm\\n\",R_2/1000)\n", + "\n", + "#For the 500-V range\n", + "R_T = V_4 / I_fsd\n", + "R_1 = R_T - (R_2 +R_3 +R_4 +R_m)\n", + "print \"The value of the resistance R_1 = %dk ohm\",R_1/1000)\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The value of the resistance R_4 = 9900 ohm\n", + "# The value of the resistance R_3 = 40k ohm\n", + "# The value of the resistance R_2 = 200k ohm\n", + "# The value of the resistance R_1 = 250k ohm \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [] + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..203a765e --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter5_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:e254c8288fbd2f2cd14434e82e95f71176cc32f312efb578ff8980e82a33844f" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 5:Bridge Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex5.1:Pg-101" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find deflection caused by the given unbalance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 5-1 in Page 101\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# Resistances of the 4 arms in ohm\n", + "R_1 = 1000.0\n", + "R_2 = 100.0\n", + "R_3 = 200.0\n", + "R_4 = 2005.0\n", + "\n", + "E = 5 # battery EMF in volt\n", + "S_I = 10*(10**-3)/(10**-6) #Current sensitivity in m/A\n", + "R_g = 100.0 #Internal resistance of galvanometer in ohm\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations are made wrt fig 5-3 in page 103\n", + "#Bridge balance occurs if arm BC has a resistance of 2000 ohm. The diagram shows arm BC has as a resistance of 2005 ohm\n", + "\n", + "#To calculate the current in the galvanometer, the ckt is thevenised wrt terminals B and D.\n", + "#The potenttial from B to D, with the galvanometer removed is the Thevenin voltage\n", + "\n", + "# E_TH = E_AD - E_AB \n", + "\n", + "E_TH = E * ((R_2/(R_2+R_3)) - (R_1/ (R_1+R_4)))\n", + "R_TH = ((R_2 * R_3/(R_2+R_3)) + (R_1 * R_4/ (R_1+R_4)))\n", + "\n", + "#When the galvanometer is now connected to the output terminals, The current through the galvanometer is\n", + "\n", + "I_g = E_TH /(R_TH +R_g)\n", + "d = I_g * S_I\n", + "print \"The deflection of the galvanometer = \",round(d*1000,2),\" mm\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The deflection of the galvanometer = 33.26 mm \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The deflection of the galvanometer = 33.26 mm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex5.2:pg-102" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To check the capability of detecting unbalance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 5-2 in Page 102\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# Resistances of the 4 arms in ohm\n", + "R_1 = 1000.0\n", + "R_2 = 100.0\n", + "R_3 = 200.0\n", + "R_4 = 2005\n", + "\n", + "E = 5 # battery EMF in volt\n", + "S_I = 1*(10**-3)/(10**-6) #Current sensitivity in m/A\n", + "R_g = 500 #Internal resistance of galvanometer in ohm\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations are made wrt fig 5-3 in page 103\n", + "#Bridge balance occurs if arm BC has a resistance of 2000 ohm. The diagram shows arm BC has as a resistance of 2005 ohm\n", + "\n", + "#To calculate the current in the galvanometer, the ckt is thevenised wrt terminals B and D.\n", + "#The potenttial from B to D, with the galvanometer removed is the Thevenin voltage\n", + "\n", + "# E_TH = E_AD - E_AB \n", + "\n", + "E_TH = E * ((R_2/(R_2+R_3)) - (R_1/ (R_1+R_4)))\n", + "R_TH = ((R_2 * R_3/(R_2+R_3)) + (R_1 * R_4/ (R_1+R_4)))\n", + "\n", + "#When the galvanometer is now connected to the output terminals, The current through the galvanometer is\n", + "\n", + "I_g = E_TH /(R_TH +R_g)\n", + "d = I_g * S_I\n", + "print \"The deflection of the galvanometer = \",round(d*1000,2),\" mm\"\n", + "print 'Given that galvanometer is capable of detecting a deflection of 1mm'\n", + "print 'Hence looking at the result,it can be seen that this galvanometer produces a deflection that can be easily observed'\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The deflection of the galvanometer = 2.247 mm \n", + "# Given that galvanometer is capable of detecting a deflection of 1mm \n", + " \n", + "# Hence looking at the result,it can be seen that this galvanometer produces a deflection that can be easily observed \n", + " \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The deflection of the galvanometer = 2.25 mm\n", + "Given that galvanometer is capable of detecting a deflection of 1mm\n", + "Hence looking at the result,it can be seen that this galvanometer produces a deflection that can be easily observed\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex5.3:Pg-111" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "# To find the unknown impedence\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 5-3 in Page 111\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# The given polar forms in textbook is represented in rect form\n", + "Z_1 = 17.36482 +1j *98.48078\n", + "Z_2 = 250\n", + "Z_3 = 346.4102 +1j *200\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "#The first condition for bridge balance is Z_1*Z_4 = Z_2*Z_3\n", + "mod_Z_4 = (abs(Z_2)*abs(Z_3))/abs(Z_1)\n", + "\n", + "#The second condition for bridge balance requires that sum of the phase angles of opposite arms be equal\n", + "theta_Z_4 = math.atan(Z_2.imag)+math.atan(Z_3.imag)-math.atan(Z_1.imag)*180/math.pi\n", + "\n", + "print \"The impedence of the unknown arm =\",round(mod_Z_4),\" ohm /_ \",round(theta_Z_4),\" deg\\n\"\n", + "print \"Here the magnitude of impedence is 1000 and phase angle is 50 in degrees\\n\"\n", + "print \"The above value indicates that we are dealing with a capacitive element, possibly consisting of a series combination of a resistor and capacitance\"\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The impedence of the unknown arm = 1000 ohm /_ -50 deg\n", + "# Here the magnitude of impedence is 1000 and phase angle is 50 in degrees\n", + "# The above value indicates that we are dealing with a capacitive element, possibly consisting of a series combination of a resistor and capacitance \n", + " \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The impedence of the unknown arm = 1000.0 ohm /_ -88.0 deg\n", + "\n", + "Here the magnitude of impedence is 1000 and phase angle is 50 in degrees\n", + "\n", + "The above value indicates that we are dealing with a capacitive element, possibly consisting of a series combination of a resistor and capacitance\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex5.4:pg-112" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find the unknown impedence\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 5-4 in Page 112\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# The notations are wrt to the figure 5-10 in page 109\n", + "\n", + "#Arm AB\n", + "R_1 = 450\n", + "#Arm BC\n", + "R_2 = 300\n", + "C = 0.265 *(10**-6)\n", + "#Arm DA\n", + "R_3 = 200\n", + "L = 15.9*(10**-3)\n", + "f = 1000\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", + "Z_1 = 450\n", + "Z_2 = R_2 - 1j *floor(1/(w*C))\n", + "Z_3 = R_3 + 1j*ceil(w*L)\n", + "\n", + "Z_4 = Z_1*Z_3/Z_2\n", + "print \"The impedence of the unknown arm = \",round(imag(Z_4)),\" ohm\\n\"\n", + "print \"The result indicates that Z_4 is a pure inductance with an inductive reactance of 150 ohm at a frequency of 1 khz.\\n\"\n", + "\n", + "L_ans = imag(Z_4)/w\n", + "print \"The inductance present in the arm CD = \",round(L_ans*1000,1),\"m H\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The impedence of the unknown arm = 150i ohm\n", + "# The result indicates that Z_4 is a pure inductance with an inductive reactance of 150 ohm at a frequency of 1 khz.\n", + "# The inductance present in the arm CD = 23.9m H \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The impedence of the unknown arm = 150.0 ohm\n", + "\n", + "The result indicates that Z_4 is a pure inductance with an inductive reactance of 150 ohm at a frequency of 1 khz.\n", + "\n", + "The inductance present in the arm CD = 23.9 m H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex5.5:pg-119" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To balance the unbalanced bridge\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 5-5 in Page 119\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "Z_1 = -1000j\n", + "Z_2 = 500\n", + "Z_3 = 1000\n", + "Z_4 = 100+500j\n", + "\n", + "# The balance is not possible with this condition as theta_1+theta_4 will be slightly negative than theta_2+theta3\n", + "# Balance can be achieved by 2 methods:\n", + "print \"First option is to modify Z_1 so that its phase angle is decreased to less than 90deg by placing a resistor in parallel with the capacitor.\"\n", + "# The resistance R_1 can be determined by the standard approach\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "Y_1 = Z_4/(Z_2*Z_3)\n", + "#Also,\n", + "# Y_1 = (1/R) + %i/1000\n", + "# equating both the equations and solving for R_1\n", + "\n", + "R_1 = 1/(Y_1-(1j/1000 ))\n", + "print \"The value of the resistor R_1 in parallel with capacitor = \",R_1.real,\" ohm\\n\",\n", + "\n", + "# It should be noted that the addition of R_1 upsets the first balance condition as the magnitude of Z_1 is changed\n", + "# Hence the variable R_3 should be adjusted to compensate this effect\n", + "\n", + "print 'The second option is to modify the phase angle of arm 2 or arm 3 by adding series capacitor'\n", + "Z_3_1 = Z_1 *Z_4/Z_2\n", + "# substituting for the component values and solving for X_C yeilds\n", + "\n", + "X_C = abs(1000- Z_3_1)/-1j\n", + "print \"The value of the reactance of the capacitor used, X_C = \",X_C.imag,\" ohm\"\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#In this case the magnitude of the Z_3 is increased so that the first balance condition is changed\n", + "#A small adjustment of R_3 is necessary to restore balance\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# First option is to modify Z_1 so that its phase angle is decreased to less than 90deg by placing a resistor in parallel with the capacitor. \n", + "# The value of the resistor R_1 in parallel with capacitor = 5000 ohm\n", + " \n", + "# The second option is to modify the phase angle of arm 2 or arm 3 by adding series capacitor \n", + "# The value of the reactance of the capacitor used, X_C = 200 ohm \n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "First option is to modify Z_1 so that its phase angle is decreased to less than 90deg by placing a resistor in parallel with the capacitor.\n", + "The value of the resistor R_1 in parallel with capacitor = 5000.0 ohm\n", + "The second option is to modify the phase angle of arm 2 or arm 3 by adding series capacitor\n", + "The value of the reactance of the capacitor used, X_C = 200.0 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c47588e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter6_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,321 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:bf5e1ba8fe50db5d826f3aa4aa6f0fbfe2110f01141414923f54b110cd4d507c" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 6:Electronic Instruments for Measuring Basic Parameters" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex6.3:pg-144" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find the maximum time \n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 6-3 in Page 144\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "R = 100*(10**3) # Value of resistance in ohm\n", + "C = 0.1*(10**-6) # The value of integrating capacitor in F\n", + "V_ref = 2 # The reference voltage in V\n", + "V_out = 10 # The maximum limit of the output in V\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "T = R*C\n", + "print \"The integrator time constant = \",T,\" s\"\n", + "V_s = V_ref/T #Unit is V/s\n", + "V = 1/V_s\n", + "print \"Therefore the integrator output = \",V,\" s/V \\nTherefore to integrate 10V \"\n", + "T_max = V*V_out #The max time the ref voltage can be integrated\n", + "print \"The time required = \",T_max,\" s\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The integrator time constant = 0.010 s\n", + "# Therefore the integrator output = 0.005 s/V \n", + "# Therefore to integrate 10V \n", + "# The time required = 0.0500 s \n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The integrator time constant = 0.01 s\n", + "Therefore the integrator output = 0.005 s/V \n", + "Therefore to integrate 10V \n", + "The time required = 0.05 s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex6.4:pg-162" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find the distributed capacitance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 6-4 in Page 162\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# Frequency measurements in Hz\n", + "f_1 = 2*10**6\n", + "f_2 = 4*10**6\n", + "# Value of tuning capacitor in F\n", + "C_1 = 460*10**-12\n", + "C_2 = 100*10**-12\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "C_d = (C_1-(4*C_2))/3\n", + "print \"C_d = \",round(C_d,13),\" F\\n\"\n", + "print \"i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = \",round(C_d*10**12,1),\" pF\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# C_d = 2E-011 F\n", + "# i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 20 pF \n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "C_d = 2e-11 F\n", + "\n", + "i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 20.0 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 22 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex6.5:pg-162" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find the self capacitance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 6-5 in Page 162\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "# Values of frequencies in Hz\n", + "f_1 = 2*10**6\n", + "f_2 = 5*10**6\n", + "# Values of the tuning capacitors in F\n", + "C_1 = 450*10**-12\n", + "C_2 = 60*10**-12\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "\n", + "#Using the equation f = 1/(2*%pi*sqrt(L*(C_2+C_d)))\n", + "#Since f_2 = 2.5*f_1\n", + "#Equating & reducing the equations\n", + "# 1/(C_2 +C_d) = 6.25/(C_1 +C_d)\n", + "\n", + "C_d = (C_1 -6.25*C_2)/5.25\n", + "print \"C_d = \",round(C_d,13),\" F\\n\"\n", + "print \"i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = \",round(C_d*10**12,1),\" pF\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# C_d = 1.43E-011 F\n", + "# i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 14.3 pF \n", + "\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "C_d = 1.43e-11 F\n", + "\n", + "i.e The value of the distributed capacitance = 14.3 pF\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex6.6:pg-163" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find percentage error\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 6-6 in Page 163\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "R = 10 #Resistance of the coil in ohm\n", + "f = 1*10**6 #The oscillator frequency in Hz\n", + "C = 65*10**-12 #The value of resonating capacitor in F\n", + "R_i = 0.02 #The value of the insertion resistor in ohm\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", + "Q_e = 1/(w*C*R)\n", + "print \"The effective Q of the coil = \",round(Q_e,1),\"\\n\"\n", + "Q_i = 1/(w*C*(R+R_i))\n", + "print \"The indicated Q of the coil = \",round(Q_i,1),\"\\n\"\n", + "percenterror = (Q_e - Q_i)/Q_e*100\n", + "print \"The percentage error is = \",round(percenterror,1),\" %\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The effective Q of the coil = 244.9\n", + "# The indicated Q of the coil = 244.4\n", + "# The percentage error is = 0.2 % \n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The effective Q of the coil = 244.9 \n", + "\n", + "The indicated Q of the coil = 244.4 \n", + "\n", + "The percentage error is = 0.2 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex6.7:pg-163" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find percentage error\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 6-7 in Page 163\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "R = 0.1 #Resistance of the coil in ohm\n", + "f = 40*10**6 #The frequency at resonance in Hz\n", + "C = 135*10**-12 #The value of tuning capacitor in F\n", + "R_i = 0.02 #The value of the insertion resistor in ohm\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", + "Q_e = 1/(w*C*R)\n", + "print \"The effective Q of the coil = \",ceil(Q_e),\"\\n\"\n", + "Q_i = 1/(w*C*(R+R_i))\n", + "print \"The indicated Q of the coil = \",ceil(Q_i),\"\\n\"\n", + "percenterror = (Q_e - Q_i)/Q_e*100\n", + "print \"The percentage error is = \",ceil(percenterror),\" %\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The effective Q of the coil = 295\n", + "# The indicated Q of the coil = 246\n", + "# The percentage error is = 17 % \n", + " \n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The effective Q of the coil = 295.0 \n", + "\n", + "The indicated Q of the coil = 246.0 \n", + "\n", + "The percentage error is = 17.0 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..88aa47b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter7_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:e7340f8f28dc1125639b884b427c98c7b76b7b5253f0bd98a418a9d51e4810f2" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 7:Oscilloscopes\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex7.1:pg-184" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find minimum distance\n", + "# Modern Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques\n", + "# By Albert D. Helfrick, William D. Cooper\n", + "# First Edition Second Impression, 2009\n", + "# Dorling Kindersly Pvt. Ltd. India\n", + "# Example 7-1 in Page 184\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "D = 4*10**-2 #Deflection on the screen in m\n", + "G = 100*100 # Deflection factor in V/m\n", + "E_a = 2000 #Accelarating potential in V\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "# wkt. L = 2*d*E_a/(G*I_d)\n", + "\n", + "#Also L/D = I_d / d\n", + "#Therefore\n", + "\n", + "L = math.sqrt(2*D*E_a/G)\n", + "print \"The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = \",round(L,3),\"m\"\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "# The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = 0.126 m \n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The distance from the deflection plates to the oscilloscope tube screen = 0.126 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0655eef8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/Chapter9_1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:349ae7afdee1d1b3c3dc4037b8dc3bb200738707d16369e5edfee0d065859f9b" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 9: Signal Analysis" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex9.1:pg-277" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find dynamic range of spectrum analyser\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "I_p = +25.0; #Third order intercept point in dBm\n", + "MDS = -85.0; #noise level in dBm\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "\n", + "dynamic_range = 2/3.0*(I_p -MDS);\n", + "print \"The dynamic range of the spectrum analyser =\",int(dynamic_range),\" dB\"\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The dynamic range of the spectrum analyser = 73 dB\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex9.2:pg-277" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find minimum detectable signal\n", + "\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "# Given data\n", + "NF = 20.0; #Noise figure in dB\n", + "BW = 1*10.0**3; #Bandwidth in Hz\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "MDS=-114+10*math.log10((BW/(1*10.0**6)))+NF\n", + "print \"The minimum detectable signal of the spectrum analyser = \",int(MDS),\" dBm\"\n", + "\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The minimum detectable signal of the spectrum analyser = -124 dBm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Ex9.3:pg-285" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# To find dynamic range and total frequency display\n", + "\n", + "import math\n", + "# Given data\n", + "T = 4.0; #Sample window in s\n", + "f_s = 20*10.0**3; # sample frequency in Hz\n", + "N = 10.0; #no of bits\n", + "\n", + "#Calculations\n", + "f_r = 1/T;\n", + "f_h = f_s/2.0; \n", + "R_d = 20*math.log10(2.0**N);\n", + "\n", + "print \"The ratio of the spectral calculation = \",round(f_r,2),\" Hz\\n\"\n", + "print \"The maximum calculated spectral frequency = \",int(f_h),\" Hz\\n\"\n", + "print \"The dynamic range = \",int(R_d),\" dB\"\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The ratio of the spectral calculation = 0.25 Hz\n", + "\n", + "The maximum calculated spectral frequency = 10000 Hz\n", + "\n", + "The dynamic range = 60 dB\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/11.1new.png b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/11.1new.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3c6f12aa Binary files /dev/null and b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/11.1new.png differ diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.1new.png b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.1new.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4128c87a Binary files /dev/null and b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.1new.png differ diff --git a/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.4new.png b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.4new.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..19cdbc25 Binary files /dev/null and b/Modern_Electronic_Instrumentation_And_Measurement_Techniques_by_A._D._Helfrick_And_W._D._Cooper/screenshots/5.4new.png differ diff --git a/sample_notebooks/ChandraShiva/CHAPTER09.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/ChandraShiva/CHAPTER09.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6549f9c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/sample_notebooks/ChandraShiva/CHAPTER09.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:2fe5d303c17886b921f7fce80c636f86023d9235c3c8b0a7cac768a73d655baa" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "CHAPTER09 : NETWORK FUNCTION" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E24 - Pg 608" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # EXAMPLE 9-24 PG NO-608-609\n", + "import math \n", + "L=20.; # INDUCTANCE\n", + "R=2.*L; # RESISTANCE\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('i) Resistance (R) is =',R,'ohm');\n", + "Wo=math.sqrt(101.);\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Wo (Wo) is =',Wo,'rad/sec');\n", + "Q=(Wo*L)/R;\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %('iii) Q is = ',Q);\n", + "BW=Wo/Q;\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('iv) BANDWIDTH (BW) is = ',BW,' rad/sec ');\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i) Resistance (R) is = 40.00 ohm\n", + "ii) Wo (Wo) is = 10.05 rad/sec\n", + "iii) Q is = 5.02\n", + "iv) BANDWIDTH (BW) is = 2.00 rad/sec \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E26 - Pg 609" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # EXAMPLE 9-26 PG NO-609-610\n", + "C=10.** -6.;\n", + "X=5.*10.** 6.;\n", + "L=1./(C*X);\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('i) INDUCTAR (L) is =',L,' H ');\n", + "R=10.*L;\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Resistance (R) is =',R,' ohm ');\n", + "W=2.236*10.** 3.;\n", + "Q=(W*L)/R;\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %('iii) (Q) is = ',Q);\n", + "BW=W/Q;\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('iv) Band Width (BW) is =',BW,' rad/sec ');\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i) INDUCTAR (L) is = 0.20 H \n", + "ii) Resistance (R) is = 2.00 ohm \n", + "iii) (Q) is = 223.60\n", + "iv) Band Width (BW) is = 10.00 rad/sec \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E32 - Pg 618" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # Example 9-32 PG NO 618-619\n", + "import math, cmath\n", + "P1=1-1j*50;\n", + "P2=1+1j*150;\n", + "Z1=0+0j*50;\n", + "I=(0.2*Z1)/(P1*P2);\n", + "print 'i) Current (I) is = ',I,'A'\n", + "L=5.; \n", + "R=10.;\n", + "C=2.*10.** -5.;\n", + "Wo=1/math.sqrt(L*C);\n", + "print 'ii) Wo (Wo) is = ',Wo,' rad/sec '\n", + "Q=(Wo*L)/R;\n", + "print 'iii) Q (Q) is = ',Q;\n", + "BW=Wo/Q;\n", + "print 'ii) Band Width (BW) is = ',BW,' rad/sec '\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i) Current (I) is = 0j A\n", + "ii) Wo (Wo) is = 100.0 rad/sec \n", + "iii) Q (Q) is = 50.0\n", + "ii) Band Width (BW) is = 2.0 rad/sec \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E37 - Pg 623" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # EXAMPLE 9-37 PG NO 623-624\n", + "C=1./8.5; # Capacitor\n", + "L=1./(17.*C); # Inductar\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Inductar (L) is = ',L,'H');\n", + "R=2.*L; # Resistance\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('ii) Resistance (R) is = ',R,' ohm ');\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "ii) Inductar (L) is = 0.50 H\n", + "ii) Resistance (R) is = 1.00 ohm \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E38 - Pg 624" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # EXAMPLE 9-38 PG NO=624-625\n", + "C=1./9.; # CAPACITOR\n", + "X=2.; # R/L=X\n", + "Y=6-X; # G/C\n", + "G=4.*C;\n", + "print '%s %.2f %s' %('i) G (G) = ',G,' ohm')\n", + "L=0.9;\n", + "R=1.8;\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i) G (G) = 0.44 ohm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E46 - Pg 630" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # EXAMPLE 9-46 PG NO 630-631\n", + "import cmath\n", + "ZA=5+1j*3;\n", + "YA=1./ZA;\n", + "print 'i) Admittance (YA) is = ',YA,' siemens ';\n", + "V=100.; # VOLTAGE\n", + "IA=V*YA;\n", + "print 'ii) Current (IA) is = ',IA,' A ';\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i) Admittance (YA) is = (0.147058823529-0.0882352941176j) siemens \n", + "ii) Current (IA) is = (14.7058823529-8.82352941176j) A \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E50 - Pg 632" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # EXAMPLE 9-50 PG NO-632\n", + "I1=17.39-1j*4.66; # CURRENT\n", + "I2=9+1j*15.68; # CURRENT\n", + "I3=-1j*10.95; # CURRENT\n", + "I=I1+I2+I3;\n", + "print 'i)CURRENT (I) = ',I,' A'\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i)CURRENT (I) = (26.39+0.07j) A\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E56 - Pg 636" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + " # example 9-56 pg no-636\n", + "Z1=8.05+1j*2.156; # IMPEDANCE\n", + "XL=2.155;\n", + "W=5000;\n", + "L=XL/W;\n", + "print 'i)INDUCTANCE (L) = ',L,' H'\n", + "Z2=4.166-1j*7.216; # IMPEDANCE\n", + "Xc=7.216;\n", + "C=1/(W*Xc);\n", + "print 'ii)CAPACITOR (C) = ',C,' F'\n", + "D=11.708; # DIAMETER\n", + "XL1=12.81;\n", + "L1=XL1/W;\n", + "print 'i) INDUCTANCE (L1) = ',L1,' H'\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "i)INDUCTANCE (L) = 0.000431 H\n", + "ii)CAPACITOR (C) = 2.77161862528e-05 F\n", + "i) INDUCTANCE (L1) = 0.002562 H\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7b0498ca --- /dev/null +++ b/sample_notebooks/Jaya PratyushaKothuri/Chapter2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 2 - Ionization" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 1: pg 22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the breakdown strength of air for 0.1mm air gap is (kV/cm.) = 43.447\n", + "\n", + "the breakdown strength of air for 20 cm air gap is (kV/cm.) = 25.58\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.1\n", + "#calculation of breakdown strength of air\n", + "\n", + "#given data\n", + "d1=0.1#length(in cm) of the gap\n", + "d2=20#length(in cm) of the gap\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from equation of breakdown strength\n", + "E1=24.22+(6.08/(d1**(1./2)))#for gap d1\n", + "E2=24.22+(6.08/(d2**(1./2)))#for gap d2\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'the breakdown strength of air for 0.1mm air gap is (kV/cm.) = ',round(E1,3)\n", + "print '\\nthe breakdown strength of air for 20 cm air gap is (kV/cm.) = ',round(E2,3)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 2: pg 23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Townsend primary ioniztion coefficient is (/cm torr) = 7.675\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.2\n", + "#calculation of Townsend primary ionization coefficient\n", + "from math import log\n", + "#given data\n", + "d1=0.4#gap distance(in cm)\n", + "d2=0.1#gap distance(in cm)\n", + "I1=5.5*10**-8#value of current(in A)\n", + "I2=5.5*10**-9#value of current(in A)\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from equation of current at anode I=I0*exp(alpha*d)\n", + "alpha=(log(I1/I2))*(1/(d1-d2))\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'Townsend primary ioniztion coefficient is (/cm torr) = ',round(alpha,3)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3: pg 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the value of Townsend secondary ionization coefficient is 9.994e-04\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.3\n", + "#calculation of Townsend secondary ionization coefficient\n", + "from math import exp\n", + "#given data\n", + "d=0.9#gap distance(in cm)\n", + "alpha=7.676#value of alpha\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from condition of breakdown.....gama*exp(alpha*d)=1\n", + "gama=1/(exp(d*alpha))\n", + "#results\n", + "print '%s %.3e' %('the value of Townsend secondary ionization coefficient is ',gama)\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4: pg 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the value of breakdown voltage of the spark gap is (V) = 5626.0\n", + "The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.4\n", + "#calculation of breakdown voltage of a spark gap\n", + "from math import log\n", + "#given data\n", + "A=15#value of A(in per cm)\n", + "B=360#value of B(in per cm)\n", + "d=0.1#spark gap(in cm)\n", + "gama=1.5*10**-4#value of gama\n", + "p=760#value of pressure of gas(in torr)\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "#from equation of breakdown voltage\n", + "V=(B*p*d)/(log((A*p*d)/(log(1+(1/gama)))))\n", + "\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'the value of breakdown voltage of the spark gap is (V) = ',round(V)\n", + "print 'The answer is a bit different due to rounding off error in textbook'\n" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5: pg 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "the value of minimum spark over voltage is (V) = 481.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "#example 2.5\n", + "#calculation of minimum spark over voltage\n", + "from math import log\n", + "#given data\n", + "A=15#value of A(in per cm)\n", + "B=360#value of B(in per cm)\n", + "gama=10**-4#value of gama\n", + "e=2.178#value of constant\n", + "\n", + "#calculation\n", + "Vbmin=(B*e/A)*(log(1+(1/gama)))\n", + "\n", + "#results\n", + "print 'the value of minimum spark over voltage is (V) = ',round(Vbmin)\n" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python 2", + "language": "python", + "name": "python2" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb b/sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..809dc7f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/sample_notebooks/TarunikaBoyapati/CHAPTER02.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,419 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:896619f98735f380fd7764ca92373e979d96248275ce12cd21f86086d05b2351" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "CHAPTER02 : THE CIRCUIT ELEMENTS" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E1a - Pg 21" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "#1a\n", + "V = 1.; # voltage supply \n", + "R = 10.; # resistance in ohms \n", + "I = V/R # current flowing through R\n", + "print '%s' %(\"a)\")\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"voltage across the resistor (in volts)=\",V)\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",I)\n", + "\n", + "#1b\n", + "V = 1.; # voltage supply \n", + "R1 = 10.; # first resistance in ohms \n", + "R2 = 5.; # resistance of the second resistor \n", + "Vr1 = V * (R1/(R1 + R2)); # voltage across R1\n", + "Vr2 = V - Vr1; # voltage across R2\n", + "Ir = Vr1/R1; # current flowing through R\n", + "print '%s' %(\"b)\")\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"voltage across the first resistor (in volts)=\",Vr1)\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"voltage across the second resistor (in volts)=\",Vr2)\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",Ir)\n", + "\n", + "#1c\n", + "# c - a\n", + "R1 = 10.; # first resistance in ohms\n", + "R2 = 10.;\n", + "I = 1.; # current source \n", + "V = I*R1; # voltage across R\n", + "print '%s' %(\"c - a)\")\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"voltage across the resistor (in volts)=\",V)\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",I)\n", + "# c - b\n", + "Vr1 = I*R1; # voltage across R1\n", + "Vr2 = I*R2; # voltage across R2\n", + "Vr=Vr1+Vr2;\n", + "print '%s' %(\"c - b)\")\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"voltage across the resistor (in volts)=\",Vr)\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"current flowing through the resistor (in amps) =\",I)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "a)\n", + "voltage across the resistor (in volts)= 1\n", + "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 0.10\n", + "b)\n", + "voltage across the first resistor (in volts)= 0.67\n", + "voltage across the second resistor (in volts)= 0.33\n", + "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 0.07\n", + "c - a)\n", + "voltage across the resistor (in volts)= 10\n", + "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 1\n", + "c - b)\n", + "voltage across the resistor (in volts)= 20\n", + "current flowing through the resistor (in amps) = 1\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E2 - Pg 25" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "R = 100.; # resistance in ohms\n", + "I = 0.3; # current in amps \n", + "P = I**2 * R; # power \n", + "# power specification of the resistors available in the stock \n", + "Pa = 5.;\n", + "Pb = 7.5;\n", + "Pc = 10.;\n", + "\n", + "if Pa > P :\n", + " print '%s' %(\"we should select resistor a\")\n", + "if Pb > P :\n", + " print '%s' %(\"we should select resistor b\")\n", + "if Pc > P :\n", + " print '%s' %(\"we should select resistor c\")" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "we should select resistor c\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E3 - Pg 26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "L = 1.; # length of the copper wire in meters\n", + "A = 1. * 10.**-4.; # cross sectional area of the wire in meter square \n", + "rho = 1.724 * 10.**-8.; # resistivity of copper in ohm meter\n", + "R = rho*L / A; # resistance of the wire in ohm \n", + "\n", + "print '%s %.2e' %(\"resistance of the wire (in ohms)=\",R) " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "resistance of the wire (in ohms)= 1.72e-04\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E4 - Pg 27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# 1 inches = 0.0254meters\n", + "# 1 foot = 0.3048 meters\n", + "import math \n", + "d = 0.1*0.0254; # diameter of the wire in meters\n", + "L = 10.*0.3048; # length of the wire in meters \n", + "rho = 1.724*10.**-8.; # resistivity of the wire in ohm-meter\n", + "A = math.pi*(d/2.)**2.; # cross sectional area of the wire \n", + "R = rho*L/A; # resistance of the wire in ohm \n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"resistance of the wire (in ohm)=\",R)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "resistance of the wire (in ohm)= 0.01\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E5 - Pg 29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%matplotlib inline\n", + "import math\n", + "import numpy as np\n", + "from matplotlib import pyplot\n", + "L = 0.1; # inductance of the coil in henry \n", + "t1= np.linspace(0,0.1, num=101)\n", + "t2= np.linspace(0.101,0.3, num=201)\n", + "t3= np.linspace(0.301,0.6,num=301)\n", + "t4= np.linspace(0.601,0.7,num=101)\n", + "t5= np.linspace(0.701,0.9,num=201)\n", + "# current variation as a function of time \n", + "i1 = 100.*t1;\n", + "i2 = (-50.*t2) + 15.;\n", + "i3 = np.zeros(301)\n", + "for i in range(0,301):\n", + "\ti3[i] = -100.*math.sin(math.pi*(t3[i]-0.3)/0.3);\n", + "\n", + "i4 = (100.*t4) - 60.;\n", + "i5 = (-50.*t5) + 45.;\n", + "\n", + "t = ([t1,t2,t3,t4,t5]);\n", + "i = ([i1,i2,i3,i4,i5]);\n", + "pyplot.plot(t1, i1);\n", + "pyplot.plot(t2, i2);\n", + "pyplot.plot(t3, i3);\n", + "pyplot.plot(t4, i4);\n", + "pyplot.plot(t5, i5);\n", + "\n", + "dt = 0.001;\n", + "di1 = np.diff(i1);\n", + "di2 = np.diff(i2);\n", + "di3 = np.diff(i3);\n", + "di4 = np.diff(i4);\n", + "di5 = np.diff(i5);\n", + "V1 =np.array((L/dt)*di1); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n", + "V2 =np.array((L/dt)*di2); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n", + "V3 =np.array((L/dt)*di3); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n", + "V4 = np.array((L/dt)*di4); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n", + "V5 = np.array((L/dt)*di5); # voltage drop appearing across the inductor terminals\n", + "print(V2)\n", + "Tv = np.linspace(0,0.899,num=900);\n", + "V = []\n", + "V.extend(V1)\n", + "V.extend(V2)\n", + "V.extend(V3)\n", + "V.extend(V4)\n", + "V.extend(V5)\n", + "print(len(V))\n", + "pyplot.plot(Tv, V)\n", + "pyplot.show();" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "[-4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975 -4.975\n", + " 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+ "text": [ + "" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E7 - Pg 31" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "# a\n", + "Ri = 1.; \n", + "Rf = 39.;\n", + "A = 10.**5.; # open loop gain of the op-amp\n", + "G = A/(1. + (A*Ri/(Ri+Rf))); # actual voltage gain of the circuit \n", + "print '%s' %(\"a\")\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"actual voltage of the circuit =\",G)\n", + "\n", + "# b\n", + "G1 = 1 + (Rf/Ri); # voltage gain of the circuit with infinite open loop gain\n", + "print '%s' %(\"b\")\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"for ideal case the voltage gain =\",G1)\n", + "\n", + "# c\n", + "er = ((G1 - G)/G)*100.; # percent error \n", + "print '%s' %(\"c\")\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"percent error of the ideal value compared to the actual value=\",er)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "a\n", + "actual voltage of the circuit = 39.98\n", + "b\n", + "for ideal case the voltage gain = 40\n", + "c\n", + "percent error of the ideal value compared to the actual value= 0.04\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E8 - Pg 33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "G = 4.; # voltage gain of the circuit \n", + "r = G -1.; # ratio of the resistances in the non-inverting op-amp circuit\n", + "print '%s %.2f' %(\"Rf/Ri =\",r)\n", + "# Result:\n", + "# A suitable choice for R1 is 10K, Hence Rf = 30K\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Rf/Ri = 3.00\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example E9 - Pg 34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "G = 4.;\n", + "r = G; # ratio of the resistances in the inverting op-amp circuit\n", + "print '%s %.f' %(\"Rf/Ri\",r)\n", + "# Result;\n", + "# A suitable choice for Rf=30K and R1=7.5K\n", + "# therefore input resistance R1 = 7.5K\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Rf/Ri 4\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file -- cgit