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+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Fault Clearing and Switching Phenomena"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_1 pgno:24"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 1,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "the transient current =A 1.56\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import pi,exp\n",
+ "from math import atan,sin\n",
+ "from math import sqrt\n",
+ "R=10; \n",
+ "L=0.1; \n",
+ "f=50; \n",
+ "w=2*pi*f; \n",
+ "k=sqrt((R**2)+((w*L)**2));\n",
+ "angle=atan(w*L/R);\n",
+ "E=400 \n",
+ "A=E*sin(angle)/k;\n",
+ "i=A*exp((-R)*.02/L);\n",
+ "i=round(i*100)/100;\n",
+ "print\"the transient current =A\",i\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_2 pgno:26"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 2,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "current in amperes for part1=A\n",
+ "4.1\n",
+ "current in part 2& part 3= 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "the DC component vanishes if e=V 141.4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "current at .5 cycles for t1=sec \n",
+ "current in the problem = A 0.01 1.50368424845\n",
+ "\n",
+ "current at 1.5 cycles for t2=sec \n",
+ "current in the problem = A 0.03 0.203501533662\n",
+ "\n",
+ "current at 5.5 cycles for t3=sec \n",
+ "current in the problem = A 0.11 6.82671592646e-05\n",
+ "the difference in result is due to erroneous value in textbook.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import sqrt,sin,atan,pi,exp\n",
+ "R=10; \n",
+ "L=0.1; \n",
+ "f=50; \n",
+ "w=2*pi*f; \n",
+ "k=sqrt((R**2)+((w*L)**2));\n",
+ "angle=atan(w*L/R); \n",
+ "E=100; \n",
+ "Em=sqrt(2)*E; \n",
+ "A=Em*sin(angle)/k;\n",
+ "i1=A; \n",
+ "Em=round(Em*10)/10;\n",
+ "i1=round(i1*10)/10;\n",
+ "print\"current in amperes for part1=A\\n\",i1\n",
+ "print\"current in part 2& part 3= 0\\n\"\n",
+ "print\"the DC component vanishes if e=V\",Em#the error is due to the erroneous values in the textbook\n",
+ "\n",
+ "t1=0.5*.02; \n",
+ "i2=A*exp((-R)*t1/L);\n",
+ "print\"\\ncurrent at .5 cycles for t1=sec \\ncurrent in the problem = A\",t1,i2\n",
+ "t2=1.5*.02;\n",
+ "i3=A*exp((-R)*t2/L);\n",
+ "print\"\\ncurrent at 1.5 cycles for t2=sec \\ncurrent in the problem = A\",t2,i3\n",
+ "t3=5.5*.02;\n",
+ "i4=A*exp((-R)*t3/L);\n",
+ "print\"\\ncurrent at 5.5 cycles for t3=sec \\ncurrent in the problem = A\",t3,i4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print\"the difference in result is due to erroneous value in textbook.\"\n",
+ " "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_3 pgno:28"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "frequency of oscillations=c/s 72400.0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "time of maximum restriking voltage=microsec 3.46\n",
+ "\n",
+ "maximum restriking voltage=V/microsecs 2430.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import sqrt,e,pi\n",
+ "C=.003e-6 \n",
+ "L=1.6e-3 \n",
+ "y=sqrt(L*C);\n",
+ "y=round(y*1e7)/1e7;\n",
+ "f=(2*3.14*y)**-1; \n",
+ "f=round(f/100)*100;\n",
+ "i=7500;\n",
+ "E=i*2*3.15*L*50;\n",
+ "Em=1.414*E;\n",
+ "Em=round(Em/10)*10\n",
+ "t=y*pi/2;\n",
+ "t=t*1e6;\n",
+ "t=round(t*100)/100;\n",
+ "e=Em/y;\n",
+ "e=round((e)/1e6)*1e6;\n",
+ "e=round(e/1e7)*1e7\n",
+ "print\"frequency of oscillations=c/s\",f\n",
+ "print\"\\ntime of maximum restriking voltage=microsec\",t\n",
+ "print\"\\nmaximum restriking voltage=V/microsecs\",e/1e6\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_4 pgno:30"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 4,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "peak restriking voltage=kV 18.0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "frequency of oscillations=c/s 12637.7514913\n",
+ "\n",
+ "average rate of restriking voltage=kV/microsecs 0.455\n",
+ "\n",
+ "max restriking voltage=V/microsecs 714.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
+ "R=5 \n",
+ "f=50\n",
+ "L=R/(2*pi*f);\n",
+ "V=11e3;\n",
+ "Vph=11/sqrt(3);\n",
+ "C=0.01e-6;\n",
+ "y=sqrt(L*C);\n",
+ "Em=sqrt(2)*Vph;\n",
+ "ep=2*Em;\n",
+ "ep=round(ep*10)/10;\n",
+ "y=round(y*1e7)/1e7;\n",
+ "t=y*pi;\n",
+ "t=round(t*1e7)/1e7\n",
+ "ea=ep/t;\n",
+ "ea=round(ea/1e3)*1e3\n",
+ "fn=(2*3.14*y)**-1;\n",
+ "Em=round(Em)\n",
+ "Emax=Em/y;\n",
+ "Emax=round(Emax/1000)*1e3;\n",
+ "print\"peak restriking voltage=kV\",ep\n",
+ "print\"\\nfrequency of oscillations=c/s\",fn\n",
+ "print\"\\naverage rate of restriking voltage=kV/microsecs\",ea/1e6\n",
+ "print\"\\nmax restriking voltage=V/microsecs\",Emax/1e3\n",
+ "\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_5 pgno:31"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "average restriking voltage=V/microsecs 1220.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import pi,sqrt\n",
+ "E=19.1*1e3;\n",
+ "L=10*1e-3;\n",
+ "C=.02*1e-6;\n",
+ "Em=sqrt(2)*E;\n",
+ "y=sqrt(L*C);\n",
+ "t=pi*y*1e6;\n",
+ "emax=2*Em;\n",
+ "eavg=emax/t;\n",
+ "eavg=round(eavg/10)*10\n",
+ "print\"average restriking voltage=V/microsecs\",eavg\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_6 pgno:33"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 6,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "average restriking voltage=kV/microsecs 4.8\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import e,sqrt,acos,sin\n",
+ "V=78e3;\n",
+ "Vph=V/sqrt(3);\n",
+ "Em=2*Vph;\n",
+ "pf=0.4;\n",
+ "angle=acos(pf);\n",
+ "k1=sin(angle); \n",
+ "k1=round(k1*100)/100;\n",
+ "k2=.951;\n",
+ "k3=1;\n",
+ "k=k1*k2*k3;\n",
+ "k=round(k*1000)/1e3;\n",
+ "E=k*Em;\n",
+ "f=15000.; \n",
+ "t=1/(2*f);\n",
+ "t=round(t*1e6);\n",
+ "eavg=2*E/t;\n",
+ "eavg=round(eavg/100)*100;\n",
+ "print\"average restriking voltage=kV/microsecs\",eavg/1e3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_7 pgno:35"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 7,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "average voltage in volts=V/microsecs 1430.0\n",
+ "frequency of oscillation =c/s 7143.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "Em=100e3\n",
+ "t=70e-6\n",
+ "Ea=Em/t/1e6\n",
+ "f=1/(2*t);\n",
+ "Ea=round(Ea/10)*10;\n",
+ "f=round(f);\n",
+ "print\"average voltage in volts=V/microsecs\",Ea\n",
+ "print\"frequency of oscillation =c/s\",f\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example 3_8 pgno:37"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 8,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "damping resistance in ohms=kohms 12.25\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "from math import sqrt\n",
+ "L=6; \n",
+ "C=0.01e-6;\n",
+ "i=10;\n",
+ "v=i*sqrt(L/C);\n",
+ "R=.5*v/i;\n",
+ "R=round(R/10)*10;\n",
+ "print\"damping resistance in ohms=kohms\",R/1e3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+ "source": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": true
+ },
+ "outputs": [],
+ "source": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 2",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python2"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 2
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+ "version": "2.7.9"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}