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-{
- "metadata": {
-  "name": "",
-  "signature": "sha256:881432a5cd98267b92bdfa11e021925fdef61ae98abdadccafbf254c6f9ca038"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
-  {
-   "cells": [
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 1,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "12: Band theory of solids"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example number 12.1, Page number 243"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#importing modules\n",
-      "import math\n",
-      "from __future__ import division\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "EF=8;     #fermi energy(eV)\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19;   #conversion factor from J to eV\n",
-      "m=9.1*10**-31;    #mass of electron(kg)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "E0bar=3*EF/5;   \n",
-      "v=math.sqrt(2*E0bar*e/m);     #speed of electron(m/s)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print \"speed of electron is\",round(v/10**6,1),\"*10**6 m/s\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "speed of electron is 1.3 *10**6 m/s\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 3
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example number 12.2, Page number 244"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#importing modules\n",
-      "import math\n",
-      "from __future__ import division\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "I=8;    #current(ampere)\n",
-      "r=9*10**-4;   #radius(m)\n",
-      "V=5;   #potential difference(V)\n",
-      "L=1;   #length(m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "A=math.pi*r**2;    #area of wire(m**2)\n",
-      "E=V/L;\n",
-      "J=I/A;   #current density(V/m)\n",
-      "rho=E/J;    #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print \"current density is\",round(J/10**6,3),\"*10**6 V/m\"\n",
-      "print \"resistivity is\",round(rho*10**6,2),\"*10**-6 ohm m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "current density is 3.144 *10**6 V/m\n",
-        "resistivity is 1.59 *10**-6 ohm m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 6
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example number 12.3, Page number 245"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#importing modules\n",
-      "import math\n",
-      "from __future__ import division\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "n=1;\n",
-      "a=4*10**-10;   #lattice parameter(m)\n",
-      "N=1.56*10**28;  \n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19;   #conversion factor from J to eV\n",
-      "tow=10**-15;    #collision time(s)\n",
-      "m=9.1*10**-31;    #mass of electron(kg)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "N=n/(a**3);    #number of electrons per unit volume(per m**3)\n",
-      "sigma=N*e**2*tow/m;   #conductivity(per ohm m)\n",
-      "rho=1/sigma;   #resistivity(ohm m)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print \"conductivity is\",round(sigma/10**6,2),\"*10**6 ohm m\"\n",
-      "print \"resistivity is\",rho,\"ohm m\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "conductivity is 0.44 *10**6 ohm m\n",
-        "resistivity is 2.275e-06 ohm m\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 8
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example number 12.4, Page number 247"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#importing modules\n",
-      "import math\n",
-      "from __future__ import division\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "k=1.38*10**-23;   #boltzmann constant(J/K)\n",
-      "NA=6.02*10**26;   #avagadro number(k/mole)\n",
-      "T=300;     #temperature(K)\n",
-      "EF=2;   #fermi energy(eV)\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19;   #conversion factor from J to eV\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "C=math.pi**2*k**2*NA*T/(2*EF*e);    #electronic specific heat(J/kmol/K)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print \"electronic specific heat is\",int(C),\"J/kmol/K\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "electronic specific heat is 530 J/kmol/K\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 10
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example number 12.5, Page number 247"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#importing modules\n",
-      "import math\n",
-      "from __future__ import division\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "K=327;    #thermal conductivity(W/mK)\n",
-      "T=300;   #temperature(K)\n",
-      "rho=7.13*10**3;    #density(kg/m**3)\n",
-      "NA=6.02*10**26;   #avagadro number(k/mole)\n",
-      "w=65.38;   #atomic weight\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19;   #conversion factor from J to eV\n",
-      "tow=2.5*10**-14;   #relaxation time(s)\n",
-      "m=9.1*10**-31;    #mass of electron(kg)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "N=2*rho*NA/w;     #number of electrons per unit volume(per m**3)\n",
-      "sigma=N*e**2*tow/m;   #conductivity(per ohm m)\n",
-      "L=K/(sigma*T);    #lorentz number(W ohm/K**2)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print \"lorentz number is\",round(L*10**8,4),\"*10**-8 W ohm/K**2\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "lorentz number is 1.1804 *10**-8 W ohm/K**2\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 12
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "heading",
-     "level": 2,
-     "metadata": {},
-     "source": [
-      "Example number 12.6, Page number 248"
-     ]
-    },
-    {
-     "cell_type": "code",
-     "collapsed": false,
-     "input": [
-      "#importing modules\n",
-      "import math\n",
-      "from __future__ import division\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Variable declaration\n",
-      "e=1.6*10**-19;   #conversion factor from J to eV\n",
-      "n=5*10**28;    #number of atoms(/m**3)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Calculation\n",
-      "RH=-1/(n*e);    #hall coefficient(m**3/C)\n",
-      "\n",
-      "#Result\n",
-      "print \"hall coefficient is\",round(RH*10**9,3),\"*10**-9 m**3/C\""
-     ],
-     "language": "python",
-     "metadata": {},
-     "outputs": [
-      {
-       "output_type": "stream",
-       "stream": "stdout",
-       "text": [
-        "hall coefficient is -0.125 *10**-9 m**3/C\n"
-       ]
-      }
-     ],
-     "prompt_number": 14
-    }
-   ],
-   "metadata": {}
-  }
- ]
-}
-\ No newline at end of file