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+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "# 4: Matter Waves"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 1, Page number 153"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 1st case is 6.625e-34 m\n",
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 2nd case is 1.8 angstrom\n",
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 3rd case is 3.9 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "e=1.602*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "me=9.11*10**-31; #mass(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.625*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "M=0.05; #mass(kg)\n",
+ "v=20; #velocity(m/sec)\n",
+ "vp=2200; #velocity of proton(m/sec)\n",
+ "mp=1.67*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "E=10; #energy(eV)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "lamda1=h/(M*v); #de-Broglie wavelength in 1st case(m)\n",
+ "lamda2=h/(mp*vp); #de-Broglie wavelength in 2nd case(m)\n",
+ "lamda3=h/math.sqrt(2*me*e*E); #de-Broglie wavelength in 3rd case(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 1st case is\",lamda1,\"m\"\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 2nd case is\",round(lamda2*10**10,1),\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 3rd case is\",round(lamda3*10**10,1),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 2, Page number 154"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 12,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 1st case is 1.225 angstrom\n",
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 2nd case is 0.1225 angstrom\n",
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 3rd case is 0.15313 angstrom\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n",
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 4th case is 0.1225 angstrom\n",
+ "de-Broglie wavelength in 5th case is 0.3963 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "h=6.63*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "vp=10**4; #velocity of proton(m/sec)\n",
+ "mp=1.673*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "V1=100; #potential difference in 1st case(V)\n",
+ "V2=10000; #potential difference in 2nd case(V)\n",
+ "V3=6400; #potential difference in 3rd case(V)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "lamda1=12.25/math.sqrt(V1); #de-Broglie wavelength in 1st case(angstrom)\n",
+ "lamda2=12.25/math.sqrt(V2); #de-Broglie wavelength in 2nd case(angstrom)\n",
+ "lamda3=12.25/math.sqrt(V3); #de-Broglie wavelength in 3rd case(angstrom)\n",
+ "lamda4=12.25/math.sqrt(V2); #de-Broglie wavelength in 4th case(angstrom)\n",
+ "lamda5=h*10**10/(mp*vp); #de-Broglie wavelength in 5th case(angstrom)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 1st case is\",lamda1,\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 2nd case is\",lamda2,\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 3rd case is\",round(lamda3,5),\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\"\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 4th case is\",lamda4,\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength in 5th case is\",round(lamda5,4),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 3, Page number 154"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 14,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-Broglie wavelength of proton is 2.64 *10**-14 m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
+ "mp=1.67*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "v=c/20; #velocity of proton(m/sec)\n",
+ "lamda=h/(mp*v); #de-Broglie wavelength of proton(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-Broglie wavelength of proton is\",round(lamda*10**14,2),\"*10**-14 m\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 4, Page number 155"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 19,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "energy of neutron is 8.13 *10**-2 eV\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "m=1.674*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.6*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "lamda=10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E=h**2/(2*e*m*lamda**2); #energy of neutron(eV)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"energy of neutron is\",round(E*10**2,2),\"*10**-2 eV\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 5, Page number 155"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 24,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "energy of neutron is 167217.6 eV\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "lamda=3*10**-12; #wavelength(m)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E=h**2/(2*e*m*lamda**2); #energy of neutron(eV)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"energy of neutron is\",round(E,1),\"eV\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 6, Page number 155"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 26,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "voltage is 934.9 V\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.6*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "lamda=0.4*10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "V=h**2/(2*m*e*lamda**2); #voltage(V)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"voltage is\",round(V,1),\"V\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 7, Page number 156"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 31,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "velocity is 3.97 *10**3 m/sec\n",
+ "kinetic energy of particle is 0.08225 eV\n",
+ "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "m=1.67*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.63*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "lamda=10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "v=h/(m*lamda); #velocity(m/sec)\n",
+ "E=m*v**2/(2*e); #kinetic energy of particle(eV)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"velocity is\",round(v/10**3,2),\"*10**3 m/sec\"\n",
+ "print \"kinetic energy of particle is\",round(E,5),\"eV\"\n",
+ "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 8, Page number 156"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 36,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "wavelength of photon is 12.4 angstrom\n",
+ "wavelength of electron is 0.39 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
+ "E=1000; #energy(eV) \n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.6*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "lamdap=h*c/(E*e); #wavelength of photon(m)\n",
+ "lamdae=h/math.sqrt(2*m*e*E); #wavelength of electron(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"wavelength of photon is\",round(lamdap*10**10,1),\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"wavelength of electron is\",round(lamdae*10**10,2),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 9, Page number 157"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 39,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "energy is 2.4 *10**-15 J\n",
+ "wavelength of photo-electron is 0.1 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.6*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "lamda=0.82*10**-10; #wavelength(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E=h*c/lamda; #energy(J)\n",
+ "lamda=h/math.sqrt(2*m*E); #wavelength of photo-electron(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"energy is\",round(E*10**15,1),\"*10**-15 J\"\n",
+ "print \"wavelength of photo-electron is\",round(lamda*10**10,1),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 10, Page number 157"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 47,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "wavelength of quantum is 0.0242 angstrom\n",
+ "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.6*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "lamda=h/(m*c); #wavelength of quantum(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"wavelength of quantum is\",round(lamda*10**10,4),\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 11, Page number 158"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 51,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-broglie wavelength is 2.86 *10**-18 m\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "E=10**14; #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "m=1.675*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.625*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "v=math.sqrt(2*e*E/m); #velocity(m/sec) \n",
+ "lamda=h/(m*v); #de-broglie wavelength(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-broglie wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**18,2),\"*10**-18 m\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 12, Page number 158"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 56,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-broglie wavelength is 7.998 *10**-15 m\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "E=12.8*10**6; #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "m=1.675*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.625*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "v=math.sqrt(2*e*E/m); #velocity(m/sec) \n",
+ "lamda=h/(m*v); #de-broglie wavelength(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-broglie wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**15,3),\"*10**-15 m\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 13, Page number 158"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 64,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-broglie wavelength is 0.0004 angstrom\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "E=12.8*10**6; #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
+ "c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
+ "m=9.1*10**-31; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
+ "mp=1836*m; #mass of proton(kg) \n",
+ "h=6.625*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E=m*c**2; #energy(J)\n",
+ "v=math.sqrt(2*E/mp); #velocity(m/sec) \n",
+ "lamda=h/(mp*v); #de-broglie wavelength(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-broglie wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**10,4),\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 14, Page number 159"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 70,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "wavelength is 1.777 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "T=300; #temperature(K)\n",
+ "m=1.67*10**-27; #mass of electron(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.60*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "k=8.6*10**-5; #boltzmann constant(eV deg-1)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "lamda=h/math.sqrt(2*m*e*k*T); #wavelength(m)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**10,3),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 16, Page number 160"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 77,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-broglie wavelength is 4.047 *10**11 angstrom\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "E=0.512*10**6; #kinetic energy(eV)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "m=1.673*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.63*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "v=2*e*E/m; #velocity(m/sec) \n",
+ "lamda=h*10**10/(m*v); #de-broglie wavelength(angstrom)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-broglie wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**11,3),\"*10**11 angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 17, Page number 160"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-broglie wavelength is 0.006348 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "E=0.512*10**6; #rest mass energy(eV)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "KE=1.512*10**6; #kinetic energy(eV) \n",
+ "c=3*10**8; #velocity of light(m/sec)\n",
+ "m0=9.1*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.63*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E1=(E+KE)*e; #energy(J)\n",
+ "m=E1/c**2; #mass(kg)\n",
+ "v=math.sqrt(c**2*(1-(m0/m)**2)); #velocity(m/sec)\n",
+ "lamda=h*10**10/(m*v); #de-broglie wavelength(angstrom)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-broglie wavelength is\",round(lamda,6),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 18, Page number 161"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 8,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "de-broglie wavelength is 1.45 *10**-10 metre\n",
+ "answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant\n",
+ "T=300; #temperature(K)\n",
+ "m0=1.67*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.6*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "lamda=h/math.sqrt(3*m0*k*T); #de-broglie wavelength(metre)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"de-broglie wavelength is\",round(lamda*10**10,2),\"*10**-10 metre\"\n",
+ "print \"answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 19, Page number 162"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 11,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "interplanar spacing is 1.78 angstrom\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "k=1.38*10**-23; #boltzmann constant\n",
+ "T=300; #temperature(K)\n",
+ "mn=1.67*10**-27; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "E=k*T; #energy(J)\n",
+ "p=math.sqrt(2*mn*E); \n",
+ "d=h*10**10/p; #interplanar spacing(angstrom)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"interplanar spacing is\",round(d,2),\"angstrom\""
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "markdown",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "## Example number 20, Page number 162"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 15,
+ "metadata": {
+ "collapsed": false
+ },
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "interplanar spacing is 0.4 angstrom\n",
+ "answer given in the book is wrong\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "#importing modules\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "from __future__ import division\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable declaration \n",
+ "m=9*10**-31; #mass of proton(kg)\n",
+ "e=1.6*10**-19; #charge(coulomb)\n",
+ "V=344; #voltage(V)\n",
+ "h=6.62*10**-34; #planks constant(Js)\n",
+ "theta=60*math.pi/180; #angle(radian)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "d=h*10**10/(2*math.sin(theta)*math.sqrt(2*m*e*V)); #spacing of crystal(angstrom)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \"interplanar spacing is\",round(d,1),\"angstrom\"\n",
+ "print \"answer given in the book is wrong\""
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 2",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python2"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 2
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+ "version": "2.7.11"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}