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-{
- "metadata": {
- "name": ""
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 1 : Basic Concepts"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_1,pg 481"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# unknown resistance(refer fig. 1.4(a))\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#VAriable declaration\n",
- "Ir=10*10**-3 #current drawn by resistor\n",
- "Vr=100.0 #voltage across resistor\n",
- "Rv=40*10**3 #voltmeter resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calcualtions\n",
- "Ru=(Vr/Ir)*(1/(1-(Vr/(Ir*Rv)))) \n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"output resistance:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ru = %d ohm\"%Ru)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "output resistance:\n",
- "Ru = 13333 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_2,pg 481"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# unknown resistance(refer fig. 1.4(b))\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Ir=10*10**-3 #current drawn by resistor\n",
- "Vr=100.0 #voltage across resistor\n",
- "Rv=40*10**3 #voltmeter resistance\n",
- "Ra=1.0 #ammeter resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Ru=(Rv/Ir)-Ra\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"output resistance:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ru = %.2f ohm\"%Ru)\n",
- "# Answer in the book is in k-ohm"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "output resistance:\n",
- "Ru=3999999.00 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_3,pg 481"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# find ammeter reading\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Rv=40*10**3 #voltmeter resistance\n",
- "Ra=1.0 #ammeter resistance\n",
- "Vr=40.0 #voltmeter reading\n",
- "Ru=10*10**3 #unknown resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Ir=(Vr*(Rv+Ru))/(Ru*Rv)\n",
- "Ir1=(Vr/(Ru+Ra))\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"ammeter reading case1:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ir = %d mA\"%(Ir*10**3))\n",
- "print(\"\\nammeter reading case2:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ir1 = %.d mA\"%(Ir1*10**3))"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "ammeter reading case1:\n",
- "Ir = 5 mA\n",
- "\n",
- "ammeter reading case2:\n",
- "Ir1 = 3 mA\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_4,pg 482"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# unknown resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Vs=3.0 #supply voltage\n",
- "Vu=2.75 #voltmeter reading\n",
- "Rp=10*10**3 #parallel resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Ru=Rp*((Vs/Vu)-1)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"unknown resistance:\")\n",
- "print(\"Ru = %.2f ohm\"%Ru)\n",
- "#Answer in the book is not matching"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "unknown resistance:\n",
- "Ru=909.09 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_5,pg 482"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# Find input vlotage\n",
- "\n",
- "#with input voltage exceding 2Vd,diodes conduct and the voltage divider circuit with diodes can allow only a Vi given by Vi=2Vd\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"input voltage to amplifier:\")\n",
- "print(\"Vi = 2*Vd\")"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "input voltage to amplifier:\n",
- "Vi = 2*Vd\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_6,pg 482"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# find shunt resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Rm=1000.0 #meter resistance\n",
- "Is=900*10**-6 #shunt current\n",
- "Vm=100*10**-3 #drop across meter\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "Rs=Vm/Is\n",
- "It=1*10**-3\n",
- "#Is=It*(Rm/(Rs+Rm))\n",
- "Rs=(Rm*(It-Is))/Is\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"shunt resistance:\")\n",
- "print(\"Rs = %.1f ohm\"%Rs)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "shunt resistance:\n",
- "Rs = 111.1 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_7,pg 483"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# find series resistor\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "If=100*10**-6 #full scale current\n",
- "Rm=1000.0 #meter resistance\n",
- "Vf=10.0 #full scale voltage\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Rs=(Vf/If)-Rm\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"series resistance:\")\n",
- "print(\"Rs=%.0f ohm\"%Rs)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "series resistance:\n",
- "Rs=99000 ohm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_8,pg 483"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# sensitivity\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "If=100*10**-6 # Current\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "S=1/If\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"sensitivity:\")\n",
- "print(\"S = %.2f ohm/volt\"%S)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "sensitivity:\n",
- "S = 10000.00 ohm/volt\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 13
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example1_9,pg 483"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "# error in measurment\n",
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "# Variable declaration\n",
- "\n",
- "#assume that the voltmeter full scale reading is 12V which gives its resistance as 1.2*10^6 ohm \n",
- "#which is in parallel with 10*10^6 ohm making as equivalent of Rq given as\n",
- "R=1.2*10**6 #voltmeter resistance\n",
- "R1=10*10**6 #voltage divider resistance\n",
- "Vin=12.0 #input voltage to divider network\n",
- "Rs=4*10**6 # series resistance\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Rq=(R*R1)/(R+R1)\n",
- "Vq=(Rq*Vin)/(Rq+Rs) #voltage across equivalent combination\n",
- "Va=(R1*Vin)/(R1+Rs) #actual volatge\n",
- "er=(Vq-Va)/Va #error\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print(\"error in measurement:\")\n",
- "print(\"\\ner = %.3f i.e %.1f%%\"%(er,er*100))"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "error in measurement:\n",
- "\n",
- "er = -0.704 i.e -70.4%\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 16
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-} \ No newline at end of file