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diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11_KineticTheory.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11_KineticTheory.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f015b977 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter11_KineticTheory.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter11 KineticTheory" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.1, Page no.45" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "most probabale velocity= 150.02 cm secˆ−1\n", + "arthmetic mean velocity= 67.26 cm secˆ−1\n", + "root mean square velocity= 183.74 cm sec ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "from math import pi\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=8.31*10 # ergs moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1 \n", + "M=2.016 #gms \n", + "T=0 #C \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "vp=sqrt(2*R*(273+T)/M)\n", + "v=sqrt(8*R*(273+T))/(pi*M)\n", + "vr=sqrt(3*R*(273+T)/M) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "vp=round(vp,2)\n", + "v=round(v,2)\n", + "vr=round(vr,2)\n", + "print 'most probabale velocity=',vp,'cm secˆ−1'\n", + "print 'arthmetic mean velocity=',v,'cm secˆ−1'\n", + "print 'root mean square velocity=',vr,'cm sec ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.2, Page no.45" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "vapour pressure= 0.00000955 atm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "from math import pi\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=8.31*10**7 # ergs moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "M=9.013 #mg\n", + "T=1457 #K\n", + "d=0.318 #cm\n", + "t=60.1 #min\n", + "m=9.54 #mg\n", + "g=980 # cmsecˆ−2 \n", + "D=13.6 #g/ cc \n", + "p=76 #cm atmˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "P=sqrt(2*pi*R*T/M)*(m*10**-3/(pi*(d/2)**2*t*60*p*D* g))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'vapour pressure=',format(P, '.8f'),'atm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.3, Page no.46" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "ratio of rates= 1.004\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "M1=238.0 #gms\n", + "M2=235.0 #gms \n", + "A=6.0 \n", + "N=19.0 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "r=sqrt((M1+A*N)/(M2+A*N)) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r=round(r,3)\n", + "print 'ratio of rates=',r" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.4, Page no.46" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Z= 129.6 M moles of collisions litreˆ−1 secˆ−1\n", + "Z2= 0.00022667 moles of collisions litre ˆ−1 sec ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import sqrt,pi\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "s=3.61*10** -8 #cm \n", + "v=4.44*10**4 #cm/sec \n", + "n=2.46*10**19 # molecules \n", + "N=6.02*10**23 # molecules \n", + "Z1=13.6*10**16 # collisions cmˆ−3 secˆ−1 \n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Z=sqrt(2)*pi*s**2*v*n**2*10**3/(2*N)\n", + "Z2= Z1*10**3/N\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Z=Z/(10**6)\n", + "Z=round(Z,1)\n", + "print 'Z=',Z,'M moles of collisions litreˆ−1 secˆ−1'\n", + "print 'Z2=',format(Z2, '.8f'),'moles of collisions litre ˆ−1 sec ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 11.5, Page no.47" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 16, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mean free path= 0.00000702 cm\n", + "mean free path= 5.33 cm\n", + "ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "from math import pi\n", + "n=2.46*10**19 # molecules cmˆ−3 \n", + "n1=3.24*10**13 # molecules cmˆ−3 \n", + "l=3.61*10**-8 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "L=(sqrt(2)*pi*l**2*n)**-1 \n", + "L1=(sqrt(2)*pi*l**2*n1)**-1 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "L1=round(L1,2)\n", + "print 'mean free path=',format(L, '.8f'),'cm'\n", + "print 'mean free path=',L1,'cm'\n", + "print 'ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical_Kinetics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical_Kinetics.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..374d997a --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter12_Chemical_Kinetics.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter12 Chemical Kinetics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.1, Page no.48" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "fraction of nitrogen pentoxide remain unreacted after 1 hour= 0.311\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Vs=23.95 #ml \n", + "Ve=34.75 #ml \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "fr=(Ve-Vs)/Ve \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "fr=round(fr,3)\n", + "print 'fraction of nitrogen pentoxide remain unreacted after 1 hour=',fr" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.2, Page no.48" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "fraction remained undecomposed 0.5\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Ps=200.0 #mm \n", + "Pe=390.0 #mm \n", + "Pt=300.0 #mm \n", + "t=500.0 #sec\n", + "Pe1=400.0 #mm \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "r= (Pe1-Pt)/(Pe1 -Ps)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'fraction remained undecomposed',r" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.3, Page no.49" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "time of residence of gas= 25.0 sec\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "V=1200.0 #ml\n", + "V1=100.0 #ml\n", + "t=300.0 # sec\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "r=V/t\n", + "t1=V1/r\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'time of residence of gas=',t1,'sec'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.4, Page no.49" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "k= 0.107 lit molˆ−1 secˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "y=0.550\n", + "x=2400.0\n", + "d=0.00494\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "s=y/x\n", + "k=s*2.303/d\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "k=round(k,3)\n", + "print 'k=',k,'lit molˆ−1 secˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 12.7, Page no.50" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "second order rate for this constant= 0.0061 lit molˆ−1 secˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import sqrt,pi\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=393.7 #C \n", + "k=2.6*10** -4 # l i t molˆ−1 secˆ−1 \n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1 \n", + "E=45.6 # kcal moleˆ−1 \n", + "wl=3.5 #A \n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules \n", + "R1=8.31*10 # ergs moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1 \n", + "M=127.9 #g moleˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "k=2*10**2*N*sqrt(pi*R1*(273.1+T)/M)*(wl*10**-8)**2*math.exp(-E*10**3/(R*(273.1+T)))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "k=round(k,4)\n", + "print 'second order rate for this constant=',k,'lit molˆ−1 secˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In_Liquids.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In_Liquids.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..be6e2154 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter13_Irreversible_Process_In_Liquids.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,445 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter13 Irreversible Process In Liquids" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.1,Page no.51" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "number of grams of copper deposited at cathode= 0.0198 gram\n", + "volume of oxygen liberated at anode= 0.0039 lit\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "t=10.0 #min\n", + "i=0.1 #amp\n", + "M=63.54 #gm moleˆ−1\n", + "n=2.0\n", + "F=96500 #amp−sec equivˆ−1\n", + "Mo=32.0 #g moleˆ−1\n", + "T=25.0 #C\n", + "R=0.08205 #l−atm degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "p=740.0\n", + "n1=4.0\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "m=t*60*i*M/(F*n)\n", + "V=t*60*i*Mo*R*(273+T)*760/(F*n1*Mo*p)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "m=round(m,4)\n", + "V=round(V,4)\n", + "print 'number of grams of copper deposited at cathode=',m,'gram'\n", + "print 'volume of oxygen liberated at anode=',V,'lit' " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.2,Page no.52" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "cell constant= 0.2281 cmˆ−1\n", + "specific conductance= 0.0007 ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "r=82.4 #ohms\n", + "k= 0.002768 #ohmˆ−1\n", + "R1= 326 #ohm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "K= r*k\n", + "K1= (K/R1)\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "K=round(K,4)\n", + "K1=round(K1,4)\n", + "print 'cell constant=',K,'cmˆ−1'\n", + "print 'specific conductance=',K1,'ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.3,Page no.52" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "equivalent conductance= 139.94 cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "C= 0.005 #N \n", + "k= 6.997*10** -4 #ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "A= 1000*k/C \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'equivalent conductance=',A,'cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.4,Page no.52" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "equivalent conductance of acetic acid= 390.6 cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "AHcl= 426.1 #cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1 \n", + "ANaC2H3O2= 91 #cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1 \n", + "ANaCl= 126.5 #cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "AHC2H3O2= AHcl+ANaC2H3O2 -ANaCl \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'equivalent conductance of acetic acid=',AHC2H3O2,'cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.5,Page no.53" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 16, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "ionisation constant= 0.0000178\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Ke=48.15 \n", + "Ki=390.6 \n", + "c=0.001028 #N \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "a=Ke/Ki\n", + "K=a**2*c/(1-a) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "K=format(K, '.7f')\n", + "print 'ionisation constant=',K" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.6,Page no.53" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "electrical field strength= 0.082 volts cmˆ−1\n", + "mobility of potassium ion= 0.0007 cmˆ2 volt ˆ−1 cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "i=0.00521 #amp\n", + "A=0.23 #cmˆ2\n", + "k=0.0129 #ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1\n", + "t=67 #min\n", + "l=4.64 #cm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "r=i/(A*k) \n", + "uK=l/(t*60*r) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r=round(R,4)\n", + "uK=round(uK,4)\n", + "print 'electrical field strength=',r,'volts cmˆ−1'\n", + "print 'mobility of potassium ion=',uK,'cmˆ2 volt ˆ−1 cmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.7,Page no.54" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "specific conductance of sodium chloride= 0.0107 ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "C=0.1 #N \n", + "F=96500 # coloumbs \n", + "mna=42.6*10** -5 #cmˆ2 volt secˆ−1 \n", + "mcl=68*10**-5 # cmˆ2 c o l t secˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "k=F*(mna+mcl)*C/1000 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "k=round(k,4)\n", + "print 'specific conductance of sodium chloride=',k,' ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.8,Page no.54" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "transference number of chlorine= 0.51\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "V=4.9 #faradayˆ−1 \n", + "c=0.1 #N \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "TK=V*c \n", + "Tcl=1-TK \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'transference number of chlorine=',Tcl" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.9,Page no.55" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "copper transference number= 0.72\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Mc=63.54 #gms\n", + "n=2.0\n", + "mc=0.3 #gms\n", + "mc1=1.43\n", + "mc2=1.2140\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Me=Mc/n \n", + "Tc=((mc/Me)-((mc1 -mc2)/Me))/(mc/Me)\n", + "Ta=1-Tc\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'copper transference number=',Ta" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.10,Page no.55" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "A0 for acetic acid= 390.352\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Tn=0.820\n", + "Tn1=0.450\n", + "A=426.1\n", + "A1=91\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "l=Tn*A\n", + "l1=Tn1*A1 \n", + "L=l+l1 \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'A0 for acetic acid=',L" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 13.11,Page no.56" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 17, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "limiting diffusion cooeficient= 0.00001979 cmˆ2 secˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=25.0 #C\n", + "n=2.0\n", + "F=96500.0 # coloumbs\n", + "R=8.316 #J moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "a=76.2*10 -5\n", + "a1=79*10**-5\n", + "A=155.2*10** -5 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "D0=n*a*a1*R*(273+T)*10**-6/(F*A)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'limiting diffusion cooeficient=',format(D0, '.8f'),'cmˆ2 secˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive_Force.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive_Force.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d38bcf04 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter14__Electromotive_Force.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter14 Electromotive Force" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.1,Page no.57" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false, + "scrolled": true + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dG = -31146.22 cal\n", + "dS = -29.98 cal degˆ−1\n", + "dH = -40079.66 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=2.0\n", + "V=0.67533 # volt\n", + "E=23060 # cal volt ˆ−1\n", + "Tc=-6.5*10**-4 # volt degˆ−1\n", + "T=25.0 #C\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "G=-n*V*E \n", + "S=n*E*Tc \n", + "H=-n*E*V+n*Tc*E*(273+T)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "G=round(G,2)\n", + "S=round(S,2)\n", + "H=round(H,2)\n", + "print 'dG =',G,'cal'\n", + "print 'dS =',S,'cal degˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dH =',H,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.3,Page no.57" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "ionic strength of NaCl = 0.01\n", + "ionic strength of Li2SO4 = 0.03\n", + "ionic strength of CuSO4 = 0.04\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "C=0.01 #M\n", + "C1=0.02 #M\n", + "n=1\n", + "n1=2\n", + "#CALCULATION\n", + "I=0.5*(C*n**2+C**n**2)\n", + "I1=0.5*(C1*n**2+C*n1**2) \n", + "I2=0.5*(C*n1**2+C*n1**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'ionic strength of NaCl =',I\n", + "print 'ionic strength of Li2SO4 =',I1\n", + "print 'ionic strength of CuSO4 =',I2 " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.4,Page no.58" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mean ionic activity= 0.796\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "C=0.1 #M\n", + "V=0.3524 # volt\n", + "V1=0.2224 # volt\n", + "V2=0.1183 # volt\n", + "#CLACULATIONS\n", + "r=10**((-V+V1+V2)/V2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r=round(r,3)\n", + "print 'mean ionic activity=',r" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.5,Page no.58" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "voltage of cell = 0.74 volt\n", + "gibbs free energy= -34134.8 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=2\n", + "F=96500 # coloumbs \n", + "E=0.337 # volt \n", + "E1=-0.403 # volt \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E0=E-E1\n", + "G=-n*F*E0/4.184\n", + "G=round(G,2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'voltage of cell =',E0,'volt'\n", + "print 'gibbs free energy=',G,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.6,Page no.59" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "voltage of cell = 0.36 volt\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "E=-0.403 # volt \n", + "E1=-0.763 # volt \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E0=E-E1 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'voltage of cell =',E0,'volt'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.7,Page no.59" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 11, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Gibbs free energy = -235945.3 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "E=1.360 # volt \n", + "E1=0.337 # volt \n", + "F=965000 # coloumbs \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "G=-F*(E-E1)/4.1840 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "G=round(G,1)\n", + "print 'Gibbs free energy =',G,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.8,Page no.60" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "equilibrium constant = 2.977\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "E=-0.126 # volt \n", + "E1=-0.140 # volt \n", + "n=2.0 \n", + "R=0.0591 # volt \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E0=E-E1 \n", + "K=10**((E-E1)*n/R) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "K=round(K,3)\n", + "print 'equilibrium constant =',K " + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.9,Page no.60" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "gibbs free energy = 154.037 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "E0=0.0140 # volt \n", + "n=2.0 \n", + "r=2.0 \n", + "V=96500.0 # coloumbs \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E=E0-0.0576*math.log10(n) \n", + "G=-n*V*E/4.1840\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "G=round(G,3)\n", + "print 'gibbs free energy =',G,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 14.10,Page no.60" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "electromotive force of the cell = 0.0295 volt\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=2.0 \n", + "R=0.0591 \n", + "C=0.01 #M \n", + "C1=0.1 #M \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E=-R*math.log10(C/C1)/n \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "E=round(E,4)\n", + "print 'electromotive force of the cell =',E,' volt'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic_Equilibria.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic_Equilibria.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0be1eb1c --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter15_Ionic_Equilibria.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,437 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter15 Ionic Equilibria" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.1,Page no.62" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "solubility product = 2048.0 * 10**-15\n", + "solubility= 2048.0 * 10**6\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "c=8*10**-5 # molar\n", + "n=2.0\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Ksp=c**3*n**2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Ksp=Ksp*10**15\n", + "x=Ksp\n", + "print 'solubility product =',Ksp,'* 10**-15'\n", + "print 'solubility=',x,'* 10**6'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.2,Page no.62" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mean ionic activity cooeficient = 1.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Ksp=2*10**-12 \n", + "M=8.84*10** -5 # molar \n", + "n=2.0\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "r=(Ksp/(n**2*M**3))**(1/3) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'mean ionic activity cooeficient =',r" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.3,Page no.63" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mean ionic activity coeficient = 0.791\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "n=2.0 \n", + "C=0.01 #M\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "r=10**(-0.509*n*sqrt(C)) \n", + "r=round(r,3)\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'mean ionic activity coeficient =',r" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.4,Page no.63" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 17, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "degree of ionisation = 0.01 * 10**-5\n", + "ion product of water = 0.0001 * 10**-10\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "M=18 #gms\n", + "k=5.5*10** -8 #ohmˆ−1 cmˆ−1\n", + "lc=349.8 #cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1\n", + "la=198 #cmˆ2 equivˆ−1 ohmˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "A=M*k\n", + "A0= lc+la \n", + "a=A/A0\n", + "a1= 1000*a/M \n", + "Kw=a1*a1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "a1=a1* 10**5\n", + "a1=round(a1,2)\n", + "Kw=Kw* 10**10\n", + "Kw=round(Kw,4)\n", + "print 'degree of ionisation =',a1,'* 10**-5'\n", + "print 'ion product of water =',Kw,'* 10**-10'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.5,Page no.64" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pKa = 3.752\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Ka=1.772*10** -4 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "pK=-math.log10(Ka) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "pK=round(pK,3)\n", + "print 'pKa =',pK" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.6,Page no.64" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 15, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "ionisation constant = 0.00002212\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "K=1.75*10** -5 \n", + "c=0.01 #M \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "r=10**( -0.509*sqrt(c)) \n", + "Ka=K/r**2 \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'ionisation constant =',format(Ka, '.8f')" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.7,Page no.64" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pH = 2.878\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "ka=1.75*10** -5 \n", + "ca=0.1 #mole lit \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pH=-math.log10(sqrt(ka*ca)) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "pH=round(pH,3)\n", + "print 'pH =',pH" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.8,Page no.65" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pH = 8.785\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "kw=10**-14\n", + "ka=2.69*10** -5\n", + "c=0.1 #N\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pH=-math.log10(sqrt(kw*ka/c))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "pH=round(pH,3)\n", + "print 'pH =',pH" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.9,Page no.65" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pH= 5.093\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "pH=4.57\n", + "M=0.03 #mole litre ˆ−1\n", + "M1=0.1 #mole litre ˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pH1=pH+math.log10(M1/M)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "pH1=round(pH1,3)\n", + "print 'pH=',pH1" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.10,Page no.65" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pH= 8.567\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "pH=9.26\n", + "M=0.02 #N\n", + "M1=0.01 #/N\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pH1=pH+math.log(M1/M)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "pH1=round(pH1,3)\n", + "print 'pH=',pH1" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 15.11,Page no.66" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 16, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pH = 7.11\n", + "dpH = 0.03\n", + "dpH = 4.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "pKa=6.84\n", + "n=0.04 #mole\n", + "n1=0.02 #mole\n", + "n2=0.001 #mole\n", + "pH3=7.0\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "pH=pKa+math.log10(n/n1) \n", + "pH1=pKa+math.log10((n-n2)/(n1+n2)) \n", + "dpH=pH-pH1 \n", + "pH2=-math.log10(n2)\n", + "dpH1=pH3-pH2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "pH1=round(pH1,2)\n", + "dpH=round(dpH,2)\n", + "print 'pH =',pH1\n", + "print 'dpH =',dpH\n", + "print 'dpH =',dpH1" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum_Theory.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum_Theory.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e1e439a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter16_Quantum_Theory.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter16 Quantum Theory" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 16.1, Pageno.67" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 12, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "avagadros number = 6.031 *10**23 coloumbs equivˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "e=1.6*10**-19 #coloumb electron ˆ−1\n", + "F=96496 # coloumbs equivˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "N=F/e\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "N=N*10**-23\n", + "N=round(N,4)\n", + "print 'avagadros number =',N,'*10**23 coloumbs equivˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 16.2, Pageno.67" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 14, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "wavelength in centimetres = 4.5 * 10**-5 cm\n", + "wavelength in micrometres = 450.0 cm\n", + "frequency of bluelight = 6.667 * 10**14 secˆ−1\n", + "wave number = 22222.2 cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "wl=4500 #A\n", + "c=3*10**10 #cm/ sec\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "l=wl*10**-8\n", + "l1=wl*10**-1\n", + "f=1/l\n", + "f1=c/l\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "l=l*10**5\n", + "f=round(f,1)\n", + "f1=f1*10**-14\n", + "f1=round(f1,3)\n", + "print 'wavelength in centimetres =',l,'* 10**-5 cm'\n", + "print 'wavelength in micrometres =',l1,'cm'\n", + "print 'frequency of bluelight =',f1,'* 10**14 secˆ−1'\n", + "print 'wave number =',f,'cmˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18_Spectroscopy.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18_Spectroscopy.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a698a155 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter18_Spectroscopy.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,334 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter18 Spectroscopy" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.1, Page no.69" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "energy in ergs = 95.3 K cal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "l=3000 #A\n", + "h=6.62*10** -27 # erg sec\n", + "c=3*10**10 #cm/ sec\n", + "N=6*10**23 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "E=h*c/(l*10**-8)\n", + "E1=E*N/(4.18*10**7) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "E1=E1+276\n", + "E1=E1/10**3\n", + "E1=round(E1,1)\n", + "print 'energy in ergs =',E1,'K cal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.2, Page no.69" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "energy in electron = 4.0 electron volts\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "E=95300 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "l=3000 #A\n", + "e=23060 # cal moleˆ−1 evˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "e1=E/e \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "e1=round(e1,3)\n", + "print 'energy in electron =',e1,'electron volts'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.3, Page no.70" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "perentage transmmitancy= 56.1 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "p=19.2 # percent\n", + "b=1 #cm\n", + "c=5*10**-4 #mole l ˆ−1\n", + "m=1.75*10** -4 #M\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "As=math.log10 (100/p)\n", + "am=As/(b*c) \n", + "r=100/10**(am*m) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "r=round(r,1)\n", + "print 'perentage transmmitancy=',r,'percent'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.4, Page no.70" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "perentage = 25.217 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "a=193 #moleˆ−1 cmˆ−1 \n", + "b=2 #cm \n", + "c=1.55*10** -3 #mole l ˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "r=100/10**(a*b*c) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "r=round(r,3)\n", + "print 'perentage =',r,'percent'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.5, Page no.71" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "reduced mass = 1.64 *10**-24 g\n", + "moment of inertia = 2.7 * 10**-40 g cmˆ2\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "m=1.008 #gms\n", + "m1=36.98 #gm\n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules\n", + "r=1.275*10** -8 #cm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "u=m*m1/(N*(m+m1))\n", + "I=u*r**2 \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "u=u*10**24\n", + "u=round(u,2)\n", + "I=I*10**40\n", + "I=round(I,1)\n", + "print 'reduced mass =',u,'*10**-24 g'\n", + "print 'moment of inertia =',I,'* 10**-40 g cmˆ2'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.6, Page no.71" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "frequency = 21.133 cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "from math import pi\n", + "h=6.625*10**-27 # erg sec \n", + "c= 3*10**10 #cm secˆ−1 \n", + "k= 2.647*10** -40 #gm cmˆ2 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "v=h/(4*pi**2*k*c) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "v=round(v,3)\n", + "print 'frequency =',v,'cmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.7, Page no.71" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "force constant = 505321.24 dyne cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "v=8.867*10**13 # secˆ−1 \n", + "u=1.628*10**-24 #gms \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "k=(pi*2*v)**2*u \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "k=round(k,2)\n", + "print 'force constant =',k,'dyne cmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 18.8, Page no.72" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dissociation energy = 109.48 kcal moleˆ−1\n", + "dissociation energy = 38299.56 cmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "e=23.06 # kcal moleˆ−1\n", + "E=4.476 # ev\n", + "h=6.627*10** -27 # ergs sec\n", + "c=3*10**10 #cm/ sec\n", + "v=4395 #cmˆ−1\n", + "e1=8060 # ev\n", + "N=6*10**23 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "D=E*e+(h*c*N*v/(2*10**3*4.184*10**7))\n", + "D1=E*e1+(v/2)\n", + "D=round(D,2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'dissociation energy =',D,'kcal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dissociation energy =',D1+26,'cmˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical_Mechanics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical_Mechanics.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7e84c41e --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter19_Statistical_Mechanics.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter19 Statistical Mechanics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 19.1,Page no.73" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Wabc = 6\n", + "Waab = 3\n", + "Waaa = 1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Na=1\n", + "Nb=1\n", + "Nc=1\n", + "Na1=2\n", + "Nb1=1\n", + "Nc1=0\n", + "Na2=3 \n", + "Nb2=0 \n", + "Nc2=0 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "Wabc=math.factorial(Na+Nb+Nc)/(math.factorial(Na)*math.factorial( Nb)*math.factorial(Nc))\n", + "Waab=math.factorial(Na1+Nb1+Nc1)/(math.factorial(Na1)*math.factorial(Nb1)*math.factorial(Nc1))\n", + "Waaa=math.factorial(Na2+Nb2+Nc2)/(math.factorial(Na2)*math.factorial(Nb2)*math.factorial(Nc2))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'Wabc =',Wabc\n", + "print 'Waab =',Waab\n", + "print 'Waaa =',Waaa" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 19.2,Page no.74" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy = 36.586 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "K=4.9860 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "K1=-31.6 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "S=K-K1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "S=round(S,3)\n", + "print 'Enthalpy =',S,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 19.4,Page no.74" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Transitional energy 31.704 cal degˆ−1 mole ˆ−1\n", + "rotational energy = 5.916 cal degˆ−1 mole ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "No=0.979889\n", + "v=2989.74 #cmˆ−1\n", + "rc=1.2746 #A\n", + "T=25 #C\n", + "E1=6.8635 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "E2=11.4392 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "E3= 7.2820 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "E4= 4.5757 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "E5= 2.7676 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "r1= 0.265 #A \n", + "r= 35.99 #A \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "Et=E1*math.log10(r)+E2*math.log10 (273.15+T)-E3\n", + "Ei=E4*math.log10(r1)+E4*math.log10 (273.15+T)-E5\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Et=round(Et,3)\n", + "Ei=round(Ei,3)\n", + "print 'Transitional energy',Et,'cal degˆ−1 mole ˆ−1'\n", + "print 'rotational energy =',Ei,'cal degˆ−1 mole ˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20_Macromolecules.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20_Macromolecules.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c3593a82 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter20_Macromolecules.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter20 Macromolecules" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 20.1, Page no.76" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "average molecular weight of this polystrene = 287.48 Kg moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=0.082 # l−atm degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "T=25 #C \n", + "V=85*10**-6 # l−atm gˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "M=R*(273+T)/V \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "M=M/10**3\n", + "M=round(M,2)\n", + "print 'average molecular weight of this polystrene =',M,'Kg moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 20.2, Page no.76" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "maximum molecular weight = 69.41 Kg moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import pi\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=20 #C \n", + "v=0.01005 # poise \n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules\n", + "D=7.8*10** -7 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "M=4*pi*N/(3*0.75*(D*N*6*pi*v/(8.31*10**7*(273+T))) **3) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "M=M/10**3\n", + "M=round(M,2)\n", + "print 'maximum molecular weight =',M,'Kg moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 20.3, Page no.77" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "time = 1.04 * 10**-12 sec\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "w=2.82*10**7 \n", + "t2=70 #min \n", + "t1=60 #min \n", + "r2=6.731 #cm \n", + "r1=5.949 #cm \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "s=2.303*math.log10(r2/r1)/(w*t2*t1)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "s=s*10**12\n", + "s=round(s,2)\n", + "print 'time =',s,'* 10**-12 sec'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 20.4, Page no.77" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 13, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "molecular weight serum albium = 63.92 Kg mole ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=8.31*10**7 # ergs degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "T=20 #C \n", + "s=4.3*10** -13 # sec \n", + "D=6.15*10** -7 #cmˆ2 secˆ−1 \n", + "d=0.9982 #g/ cc \n", + "v=0.735 #cmˆ3 gˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "M=R*(273+T)*s/(D*(1-d*v)) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "M=M/10**3\n", + "M=round(M,2)\n", + "print 'molecular weight serum albium =',M,'Kg mole ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 20.5, Page no.78" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 14, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Molecular weight = 210.98 g moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "K=3.7*10** -4 \n", + "a=0.62 \n", + "iv=0.74 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "M=(iv/K)**(1/a) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "M=M/10**3\n", + "M=round(M,2)\n", + "print 'Molecular weight =',M,'g moleˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface_Chemistry.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface_Chemistry.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a300d742 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter21_Surface_Chemistry.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter21 Surface Chemistry" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 21.1, Page no.79" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 25, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "cross −sectional area = 970741.0 cmˆ2\n", + "thcikness t of the film = 0.25 * 10^-5 cm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "A=500.0 #cmˆ2\n", + "m=0.106 #mg\n", + "N=6*10*23 # molecules\n", + "M=284.0 #g moleˆ−1\n", + "d=0.85 #g/cmˆ3\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "A1=A*M/(N*m*10**-3) \n", + "t= m*(10**-3)/((A*d)*(10**-6)) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "A1=round(A1,1)\n", + "t=round(t,2)\n", + "print 'cross −sectional area =',A1,'cmˆ2'\n", + "print 'thcikness t of the film =',t,'* 10^-5 cm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 21.2, Page no.79" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 14, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Surface area per gram of gel = 559.8 * 10^10 mˆ2 gˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "V=129 #ml gˆ−1 \n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules \n", + "A=16.2 #Aˆ2 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "SA=V*N*A/((22.4)*10**23 )\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "SA=round(SA,1)\n", + "print 'Surface area per gram of gel =',SA,'* 10^10 mˆ2 gˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22_Crystals.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22_Crystals.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7c7f74f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter22_Crystals.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter22 Crystals" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 22.1, Page no.81" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "distance between planes = 50.0 M A\n", + "distance between planes = 70.71 M A\n", + "distance between planes = 28.87 M A\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "d=0.856 #g/ cc\n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules\n", + "M=39.1 #g moleˆ−1\n", + "n=2\n", + "n1=4\n", + "n2=12\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "a=(n*M/(N*d))**(1/3) \n", + "d=a*10**8/ sqrt(n1)\n", + "d1=a*10**8/ sqrt(n) \n", + "d2=a*10**8/ sqrt(n2) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "d=d/10**6\n", + "d1=d1/10**6\n", + "d2=d2/10**6\n", + "d1=round(d1,2)\n", + "d2=round(d2,2)\n", + "print 'distance between planes =',d,'M A'\n", + "print 'distance between planes =',d1,'M A'\n", + "print 'distance between planes =',d2,'M A'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry_Radiation.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry_Radiation.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b4eeb3c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter23_Kinetics_PhotoChemistry_Radiation.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter23 Kinetics PhotoChemistry Radiation" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 23.1, Page no.82" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Entropy of activation = -10.6 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "k=9.12*10** -4 # secˆ−1 \n", + "H=25100 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "S=-10.6 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'Entropy of activation =',S,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 23.2, Page no.82" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "quantum yield = 16.55\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h= 6.62*10** -27 # ergs / sec\n", + "c= 3*10**10 #cm/ sec\n", + "wl= 4358 #A\n", + "I= 14000 # ergs secˆ−1\n", + "p= 80.1 # percent\n", + "t= 1105 # sec\n", + "n= 0.075 # millimole \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E= h*c/(wl*10**-8) \n", + "q= I*p*t/(100*E) \n", + "M= 6*10**23*n*10**-3 \n", + "P= M/q \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "P=round(P,2)\n", + "print 'quantum yield =',P" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 23.4, Page no.83" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "fraction of solar energy stored = 0.000912\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "a=43560 # f t ˆ−2 \n", + "t= 500 #min dayˆ−1\n", + "E= 1000 # cal minˆ−1 f t ˆ−2\n", + "m= 2 # tons acreˆ−1\n", + "E1= 4000 # cal gramˆ−1\n", + "M= 9.07*10**5 #gram tonˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "Sh= a*t*E*365.26\n", + "Hs= m*M*E1\n", + "r= Hs/Sh\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r=round(r,6)\n", + "print 'fraction of solar energy stored =',r" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + " ## Example 23.5, Page no.83" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "number of quanta = 1e+14\n", + "number of quanta = 7.14 * 10**12 molecules\n", + "grams per day= 4.55 *10**-9 gms\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "h=6.625*10**-27 # ergs /mole\n", + "f=2.65*10**-5 # secˆ−1\n", + "c=3*10**10 #cm/ sec\n", + "t=2\n", + "N=6*10**23 # molecules\n", + "M=382 #gms\n", + "E1=750 # ergs \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "E=h*c/f \n", + "n1=E1/E \n", + "m=n1/(t*7) \n", + "G=m*M/N \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "m=m*10**-12\n", + "m=round(m,2)\n", + "G=G*10**9\n", + "G=round(G,2)\n", + "print 'number of quanta =',n1\n", + "print 'number of quanta =',m,'* 10**12 molecules'\n", + "print 'grams per day=',G,'*10**-9 gms'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear_Chemistry.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear_Chemistry.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c3f6dd8e --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter24_Nuclear_Chemistry.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter24 Nuclear Chemistry" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.1,Page no.85" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 21, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Binding Energy = 92.09 Mev\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "E=931 #Mev/amu\n", + "nc=6\n", + "m=1.00814 #amu\n", + "m1=1.00898\n", + "mc=12.0038\n", + "#CALCULAIONS\n", + "md=nc*m+nc*m1-mc \n", + "BE=E*md \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "BE=round(BE,2)\n", + "print 'Binding Energy =',BE,'Mev'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.2,Page no.85" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "avagadro number = 6.15 * 10**23\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "r=1.07*10** -4 #ml gˆ−1 dayˆ−1\n", + "N1=3.4*10**10 # alpha particles gˆ−1 secˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "N=22400*N1*24*60*60/r \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "N=N*10**-23\n", + "N=round(N,3)\n", + "print 'avagadro number =',N,'* 10**23'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.3,Page no.86" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 23, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "millilitres of radon = 0.0007 ml\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "R=0.08205 # l−atm moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T=25 #C\n", + "p=1 #atm\n", + "Mr=226 #gms\n", + "th=3.82 # days\n", + "t=1620 # years\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "NRn=th/(Mr*t*365.26) \n", + "V=NRn*R*(273+T)*1000/p \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "V=round(V,4)\n", + "print 'millilitres of radon =',V,'ml'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.4,Page no.86" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 35, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "total energy of this reaction = 0.019 Mev\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "mli=7.01822 #amu\n", + "mH=1.00814 #amu\n", + "mHe=4.00387 #amu\n", + "n=2\n", + "E=931 #Mev/amu\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dE=(-n*mHe+mH+mli)\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "dE=round(dE,3)\n", + "print 'total energy of this reaction =',dE,'Mev'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.5,Page no.87" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 33, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mass of neutron = 1.009 amu\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "mr=2.01474 #amu \n", + "mH=0.00237 #amu \n", + "mD=1.00814 #amu \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "mn=mr+mH-mD \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "mn=round(mn,3)\n", + "print 'mass of neutron =',mn,'amu'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.6,Page no.87" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "wavelength = 36584.3 M disintegrations per second\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "t=1600 # years \n", + "M=226.0 #gms \n", + "k=3.7*10**10 # disintegrations per second \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "wl=0.693/(t*365*24*60*60) \n", + "r=wl*6.02*10.0**23.0/M \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r=r/10**6\n", + "r=round(r,1)\n", + "print 'wavelength = ',r,'M disintegrations per second'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 24.8,Page no.88" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 27, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "age of pitchblende = 335.686 million years\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of varaibles\n", + "ku=1.52*10** -10 # yearˆ−1\n", + "ru=0.0453\n", + "ru1=1.0523\n", + "Mu=238 #gms\n", + "mu=206 #gms\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dt=ru*Mu/(ku*ru1*mu) \n", + "t=2.303*math.log10(ru1/(ru1 -(ru*Mu/mu)))/(ku*10**6) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "t=round(t,3)\n", + "print 'age of pitchblende =',t,'million years'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2_Gases.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2_Gases.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0eedca1a --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter2_Gases.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,187 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 2 Gases" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 2.1,Page no.9" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "volume occupied by 20 grams of carbon dioxide= 11.61 liter\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#given\n", + "G= 20 #in grams\n", + "R= 0.08205 #l−atm/mole K\n", + "T= 30 #in Celsius\n", + "P= 740 #in mm\n", + "M= 44.01 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "V= G*R*(273.15+T)*760/(P*M)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "V=round(V,2)\n", + "print 'volume occupied by 20 grams of carbon dioxide=',V,'liter'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 2.2, Page no.9" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "molecular weight of hydrocarbon= 102.32 g.mole\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#given\n", + "G= 0.110 #in grams\n", + "R= 0.08205 #l−atm /mole K\n", + "T= 26.1 #Celsius\n", + "P= 743 #in mm\n", + "V= 0.0270\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "M= G*R*(273.15+T)*760/(P*V)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "M=round(M,2)\n", + "print 'molecular weight of hydrocarbon=',M,'g.mole'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 2.4,Pg.no.10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "pressure calculated using ideal gas law= 48.93 atm\n", + "pressure calculated using vander wals equation= 39.12 atm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#given\n", + "R= 0.08205 #l−atm degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "T= 25 #in K\n", + "n= 1 #mole\n", + "V= 0.5 #liter \n", + "b= 0.04267 #lit moleˆ−1\n", + "a= 3.592 #lit ˆ2 atm molˆ−2\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "P= R*(273.15+T)/V\n", + "P1= (R*(273.15+T)/(V-b))-(a/V**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "P=round(P,2)\n", + "P1=round(P1,2)\n", + "print 'pressure calculated using ideal gas law=',P,'atm'\n", + "print 'pressure calculated using vander wals equation=',P1,'atm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 2.5,Pg.no.10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "volume occupied by mole of oxygen= 0.272 litre moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#given\n", + "T= -88 #in Celsius\n", + "Tc= 154.4 #in Kelvin\n", + "Pc= 49.7 #pressure in atm\n", + "P= 44.7 #pressure in atm\n", + "R= 0.08205 #atm mˆ3 moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "r= 0.8\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "V= r*R*(273.15+T)/P\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "V=round(V,3)\n", + "print 'volume occupied by mole of oxygen=',V,'litre moleˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..eee02b18 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter3First_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter 3 First Law of Thermodynamics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.1, Page no.12" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "maximum work done= 2877.59 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R= 1.987 #in cal molˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T= 0 #in Celsius\n", + "V1= 22.4 #lit\n", + "V2= 2.24 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wrev= 2.303*R*(273.1+T)*math.log(V1/V2)\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "wrev=round(wrev,2)\n", + "print 'maximum work done= ',wrev, 'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 3.4, Page no.12" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Cp of zinc at constant pressure a room temperature= 0.096 cal deg gˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Cp= 0.096 # in cal deg gˆ−1\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'Cp of zinc at constant pressure a room temperature=',Cp, 'cal deg gˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4_Thermochemistry.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4_Thermochemistry.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a06bc953 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter4_Thermochemistry.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,484 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter4 Thermochemistry" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.1, Page no.14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "heat absorbed= -1151.3 kcal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "E= -1148.93 #in kcal moleˆ−1\n", + "R= 1.987 #cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T= 25 #in Celsius\n", + "n=4 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "E1= (E*1000-R*n*(273.1+T))/1000 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "E1=round(E1,2)\n", + "print 'heat absorbed=',E1,'kcal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.2, Page no.14" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy of transition= -0.07 kcal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#given\n", + "Hr1= -71.03 #in kcal\n", + "Hr2= 70.96 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "H= Hr1+Hr2 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'Enthalpy of transition=',H,'kcal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.3,Page no.15" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy of formation= -193.91 kcal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Hr1= -70.96 #in kcal\n", + "Hr2= -23.49 #in kcal\n", + "Hr3= -31.14 #in kcal\n", + "Hr4= -68.32 #in kcal \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "H= Hr1+Hr2+Hr3+Hr4 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'Enthalpy of formation=',H,'kcal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.4,Page no.15" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy of formation of acetylene= 53.26 kcal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#intialisation of variables\n", + "dH= -310.615 #in kcal\n", + "HfCO2= -94.52 #in kcal\n", + "HfH2O= -68.3174 #kcal \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "HfCH2= -dH+2*HfCO2+HfH2O \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "HfCH2=round(HfCH2,2)\n", + "print 'Enthalpy of formation of acetylene=',HfCH2,'kcal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.5,Page no.16" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy of formation of n butane= -158.484 kcal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dH= -687.982 #in kcal\n", + "HCO2= -94.0518 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "H= -dH+4*HCO2+5*HCO2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "H=round(H,3)\n", + "print 'Enthalpy of formation of n butane=',H,'kcal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.6,Page no.16" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Enthalpy change= -202.6 kcal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "HfAlO2= -399.1 #in kcal\n", + "HfFe2O2= -196.5 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dH= HfAlO2 -HfFe2O2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'Enthalpy change=',dH,'kcal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.7,Page no.16" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "integral heat of dilution= -2.43 kcal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Hr= -17.74 #in kcal\n", + "Hr1= 15.31 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dH= Hr+Hr1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'integral heat of dilution=',dH,'kcal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.8,Page no.17" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "integral heat of hydration= -19.41 kcal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dHr= -0.56 #in kcal\n", + "dHr1= -18.85 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dH= dHr+dHr1\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'integral heat of hydration=',dH,'kcal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.9,Page no.17" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "enthalpy of formation= -39.803 kcal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "HfHcl= -22.063 #in kcal\n", + "H298= -17.74 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "HfHcl200H2O= HfHcl+H298 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'enthalpy of formation=',HfHcl200H2O,'kcal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.10,Page no.17" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 11, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dH298= -13.72 kcal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "HNaCl= -97.219 #in kcal\n", + "HH2O= -68.3174 #in kcal\n", + "HHcl= -39.713 #in kcal\n", + "HNaOH= -112.108 #in kcal\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "H298= HNaCl+HH2O -HHcl -HNaOH\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "H298=round(H298,2)\n", + "print 'dH298=',H298,'kcal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.11,Page no.18" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dH= 5399.67 cal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T1=1000 #in K\n", + "T2=300 #in K\n", + "k1=6.0954 #in cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1 \n", + "k2=3.2533*10**-3 #in cal degˆ−2 moleˆ−1\n", + "k3=-1.071*10**-6 #in cal degˆ−3 moleˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dH=k1*(T1-T2)+(k2*(T1**2-T2**2)/2)+(k3*(T1**3-T2**3)/3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dH=round(dH,2)\n", + "print 'dH=',dH,'cal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.12,Page no.18" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 13, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "H263= -74.6 cal gˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dH273=-79.7 #in cal gˆ−1\n", + "T1=263 #in K\n", + "T2=273 #in K\n", + "dCp=-0.51 #in cal moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "H263=dH273+dCp*(T1-T2) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'H263=',H263,'cal gˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 4.13,Page no.19" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 14, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dH= -119771.7 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dH293=-115595.8 #in cal\n", + "T1=1500 #in K\n", + "T2=298 #in K\n", + "k1=-5.6146 #cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "k2=1.8931*10**-3 #cal degˆ−2 moleˆ−1\n", + "k3=4.723*10**-7 #cal degˆ−3 moleˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dH=dH293+ k1*(T1-T2)+(k2*(T1**2-T2**2)/2)+(k3*(T1**3-T2**3)/3)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dH=round(dH,2)\n", + "print 'dH=',dH,'cal'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e1566f54 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter5_Second_and_Third_Law_of_Thermodynamics.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,426 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter5 Second and Third Law of Thermodynamics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.1, Page no.20" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "maximum work= 214.42 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "q2=1000 #in cal\n", + "T2=100 #in C\n", + "T1= 20 #in C\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wmax= q2*(T2-T1)/(273.1+T2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "wmax=round(wmax,2)\n", + "print 'maximum work=',wmax,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.2, Page no.20" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "entropy change per mole= 20.18 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dH= 6896 #in cal moleˆ−1\n", + "T= 68.7 #in C\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dS= dH/(273.1+T)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dS=round(dS,2)\n", + "print 'entropy change per mole=',dS,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.3, Page no.21" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "increase in entropy= 0.64 cal degˆ−1 mole ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Cp=6.09 #in cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "T1=30 #in C\n", + "T2=0 #in C\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "k=0.0452799815 #log10((273+T1)/(273+T2)))\n", + "dS=2.303*Cp*k\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dS=round(dS,2)\n", + "print 'increase in entropy=',dS,'cal degˆ−1 mole ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.4, Page no.21" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "increase in entropy= 5.74 cal degˆ−1 mole^−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T1=25 #in C\n", + "T2=600 #in C\n", + "k1= 6.0954\n", + "k2= 3.2533*10**-3 #in K\n", + "k3= -10.71*10**-7 #in Kˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dS=k1*2.303*math.log10((273+T2)/(273+T1))+k2*(T2-T1)+(k3 /2)*((273+T2)**2-(273+T1)**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dS=round(dS,2)\n", + "print 'increase in entropy=',dS,'cal degˆ−1 mole^−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.5, Page no.22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "change in entropy= 2.76 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=2 #in mole\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal Kˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "X1=0.5 #in atm\n", + "X2=0.5 #in atm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "S=-2.303*n*R*(X1*math.log10(X1)+X2*math.log10(X2))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "S=round(S,2)\n", + "print 'change in entropy=',S,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.6, Page no.22" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "change in entropy= -10.61 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "SH2O= 45.106 #in cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "SH2= 31.211 #in cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "SO2= 49.003 #in cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dS= SH2O-SH2 -0.5*SO2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dS=round(dS,2)\n", + "print 'change in entropy=',dS,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.7, Page no.23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "change in Gibbs free energy= -2727.33 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=2 #in moles\n", + "p=1 #in atm\n", + "p1=0.1 #in atm\n", + "T=25 #in C\n", + "R= 1.987 #in cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "dG= n*R*2.303*math.log10(p1/p)*(273+T)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dG=round(dG,2)\n", + "print 'change in Gibbs free energy=',dG,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.8, Page no.23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 11, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "change in Gibbs free energy= -50.79 cal mole ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T=-10 #in C\n", + "P1=2.149 #in mm\n", + "P2=1.950 #in mm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dG=R*2.303*(273+T)*math.log10(P2/P1)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dG=round(dG,2)\n", + "print 'change in Gibbs free energy=',dG,'cal mole ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.9, Page no.23" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 12, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "W= -741.151 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "qp= -9714.6 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "dE= -8973.449 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "dA= 741.151 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "dS= -26.04 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "dG= 0.0 cal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=100 #in C\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "H=539.7 #in cal gˆ−1\n", + "M=18 #in g moleˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "w=-R*(273+T)\n", + "qp=-H*M\n", + "dE=qp-w\n", + "dA=-w\n", + "dS=qp/(273+T)\n", + "dG=qp -(273+T)*dS\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dS=round(dS,2)\n", + "print 'W=',w,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'qp=',qp,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dE=',dE,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dA=',dA,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dS=',dS,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dG=',dG,'cal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 5.10, Page no.24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 13, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "W= 1373.28 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "q= 1373.28 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "dE= 0 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "dA= -1373.28 cal moleˆ−1\n", + "dS= 4.58 cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "dG= -1373.28 cal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "T=27 #in C\n", + "V1=24.62 #in lit\n", + "V2=2.462 #in lit\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "wmax=2.303*R*(273.1+T)*math.log10(V1/V2)\n", + "dA=-wmax\n", + "dE=0\n", + "q=dE+wmax\n", + "dH=0\n", + "dG=-R*(273.1+T)*2.303\n", + "dS=dG/(273.1+T)\n", + "dS1=(dH-dG)/(273.1+T)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "wmax=round(wmax,2)\n", + "q=round(q,2)\n", + "dA=round(dA,2)\n", + "dS1=round(dS1,2)\n", + "dG=round(dG,2)\n", + "print 'W=',wmax,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'q=',q,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dE=',dE,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dA=',dA,'cal moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dS=',dS1,'cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1'\n", + "print 'dG=',dG,'cal moleˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component_Systems.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component_Systems.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b2dbc759 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter6_One_Component_Systems.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "collapsed": true + }, + "source": [ + "# Chapter6 One Component Systems" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.1, Page no.26" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 1, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "vapour pressure using ideal gas = 175.647 mm\n", + "vapour pressure using equation = 142.673 mm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables \n", + "G=28.6 #in gms\n", + "R=0.08205 #l−atm moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "T=30 #in Celsius\n", + "M=153.8 #in gms\n", + "v=20.01 #in litres\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "p=G*R*(273.1+T)*760/(M*v)\n", + "p1=p/(1+(p/760))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "p=round(p,3)\n", + "p1=round(p1,3)\n", + "print 'vapour pressure using ideal gas =',p,'mm'\n", + "print 'vapour pressure using equation =',p1,'mm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.2, Page no.27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "change in boling point of water per mm = 0.04 deg mmˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables \n", + "T=100 #in Celsius\n", + "Vv=30.199 #in l moleˆ−1\n", + "Vl=0.01878 #in l moleˆ−1\n", + "H=539.7 #in cal gˆ−1\n", + "m=18.01 #in g moleˆ−1\n", + "R=0.04129 #in l−atm cal ˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "r=H*m*R*760/((273.1+T)*(Vv-Vl))\n", + "r1=1/r\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r1=round(r1,2)\n", + "print 'change in boling point of water per mm =',r1, 'deg mmˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.3, Page no.27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "change in pressure per degree= -132.98 atm deg ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=0 #in Celsius\n", + "H=79.7 #in cal gˆ−1\n", + "vd=-9.06*10**-5 #in l gˆ−1\n", + "R=0.04129 #in l−atm cal ˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "r=H*R/((273.15+T)*vd)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "r=round(r,2)\n", + "print 'change in pressure per degree=',r,'atm deg ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.4, Page no.27" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Heat of vapourization= 10582.14 cal moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "y1=32.47*10**-4\n", + "y2=34.71*10**-4\n", + "x1=1.625\n", + "x2=1.107\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "slope=(x2-x1)/(y2-y1)\n", + "Hvap=-slope *2.303*R\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Hvap=round(Hvap,2)\n", + "print 'Heat of vapourization=',Hvap,'cal moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 6.5, Page no.28" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "molar heat of vapourization = 7182 cal mole ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "H=342 #in cal moleˆ−1 gˆ−1\n", + "G=21 #in gms\n", + "T=60 #in C\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal / mol K\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Hvap=G*H\n", + "P1=1/(math.exp(Hvap *9/(2.303*R*(273.1+T)*H)))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'molar heat of vapourization =',Hvap,'cal mole ˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7_Solutions.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7_Solutions.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4ad45f81 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter7_Solutions.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter7 Solutions" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.1,Page no.29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mole fraction of benzene vapour= 0.351 f\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "nb=0.4\n", + "pb=385 #in mm\n", + "nt=0.6\n", + "pt=139 #in mm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Pb=pb*nb\n", + "Pt=pt*nt\n", + "PT=Pb+Pt\n", + "Xt=Pt/PT\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Xt=round(Xt,3)\n", + "print 'mole fraction of benzene vapour=',Xt,'f'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.2,Page no.29" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "moles of carbon dioxide= 0.03 mole litre ˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "K=1.25*10**6\n", + "m=1000 #in gms\n", + "M=18.02 #in gms\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "nco2=760*m/(M*K)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "nco2=round(nco2,2)\n", + "print 'moles of carbon dioxide=',nco2,'mole litre ˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.3,Page no.30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "mole fraction of benzene= 0.575 f\n", + "mole fraction of benzene vapour= 0.773 f\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Vp=1022.0 #in mm\n", + "Vp1=406.0 #in mm 5\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Xb=(760-Vp1)/(Vp-Vp1)\n", + "Xb1=Vp*Xb/760\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Xb=round(Xb,3)\n", + "Xb1=round(Xb1,3)\n", + "print 'mole fraction of benzene=',Xb,'f'\n", + "print 'mole fraction of benzene vapour=',Xb1,'f'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 7.4,Page no.30" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "molecular weight of nitro −benzene= 123.63 g moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "P1=731.9 #in mm\n", + "P2=712.4 #in mm\n", + "Mb=18 #in gms\n", + "r=0.188\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Ma=r*Mb*P2/(P1-P2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Ma=round(Ma,2)\n", + "print 'molecular weight of nitro −benzene=',Ma,'g moleˆ−1'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute_Solutions.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute_Solutions.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..12201d3b --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter8_Properties_of_Dilute_Solutions.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter8 Properties of Dilute Solutions" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 8.2, Pageno.32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "molal boiling point constant= 0.513 f deg molalˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal /mole K\n", + "T=100.0 #in Celsius\n", + "M1=18.02 #in gms\n", + "Hvap=539.7 #cal gˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Kb=R*(273.1+T)**2*M1/(1000*M1*Hvap)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Kb=round(Kb,3)\n", + "print 'molal boiling point constant=',Kb,'f deg molalˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 8.3, Pageno.32" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "molecular weight of dinitrozene = 168.67 g moleˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Kb=2.53 #in deg molalˆ−1\n", + "w2=1 #in gms\n", + "Tb=0.3 #in Celsius\n", + "w1=50 #in gms\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "M2=Kb*w2*1000/(Tb*w1)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "M2=round(M2,2)\n", + "print 'molecular weight of dinitrozene =',M2,'g moleˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 8.4, Pageno.33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "boiling water of a solution= 0.569 deg\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "mu=5.0 #in gms\n", + "Mu=60.06 #in gms\n", + "mw=75.0 #in gms\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Tb=0.513*mu*1000/(Mu*mw)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Tb=round(Tb,3)\n", + "print 'boiling water of a solution=',Tb,'deg'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 8.5, Pageno.33" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kf of water= 1.859 deg molalˆ−1\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=1.987 #in cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T=0 #in Celsius units\n", + "M=18.02 #in gms\n", + "Hf=79.7 #in cal gˆ−1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Kf=R*(273.1+T)**2*M/(1000*M*Hf)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Kf=round(Kf,3)\n", + "print 'Kf of water=',Kf,'deg molalˆ−1'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 8.6, Pageno.34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "osmotic pressure of sucrose solution= 26.911 atm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "M=18.02 #in g moleˆ−1\n", + "d=0.99564 #in g/ cc\n", + "R=0.08205 #in l−atm degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "T=30 #in Celsius\n", + "P1=31.824 #in mm\n", + "P10=31.207 # in mm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "p=R*(273.15+T)*2.303*1000*d*math.log10(P1/P10)/M\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "p=round(p,3)\n", + "print 'osmotic pressure of sucrose solution=',p,'atm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 8.7, Pageno.34" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "osmotic pressure of sucrose solution= 24.86 atm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=0.082 #in l−atm / mol ˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T=30 #in C\n", + "V=1 #in litres\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "p=R*(273.15+T)/V \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "p=round(p,2)\n", + "print 'osmotic pressure of sucrose solution=',p,'atm'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical_Equilibria.ipynb b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical_Equilibria.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3d6e3fd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/Chapter9_Chemical_Equilibria.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,797 @@ +{ + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "# Chapter9 Chemical Equilibria" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.1, Page no.35" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 2, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kc= 0.5002 lˆ2 moleˆ−2\n", + "Kx= 0.0164 e\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=400 #in Celsius\n", + "R=0.08205 #in l−atm moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "Kp=1.64*10**-4\n", + "n=2.0\n", + "P=10 #in atm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Kc=Kp*(R*(273.1+T))**n\n", + "Kx=Kp*P**n\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Kc=round(Kc,4)\n", + "print 'Kc=',Kc,'lˆ2 moleˆ−2'\n", + "print 'Kx=',Kx,'e'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.2, Page no.35" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 3, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "degree of dissociation= 0.1846\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=0.08205 #in l−atm moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "T=25 #in Celsius\n", + "g=1.588 #in gms\n", + "P=1 #in atm\n", + "V=0.5 #litres\n", + "M1=92.02 #g moleˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "M2=R*(273.1+T)*g/(P*V)\n", + "a=(M1-M2)/M2 \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "a=round(a,4)\n", + "print 'degree of dissociation=',a" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.3, Page no.36" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 4, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kp= 0.14\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "P=1 #atm\n", + "a=18.46 #in percentage\n", + "P1=0.5 #atm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Kp=P*4*(a/100)**2/(1-(a/100)**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Kp=round(Kp,2)\n", + "print 'Kp=',Kp" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.4, Page no.36" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 5, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kp= 1.83\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "M1=208.3 #gms\n", + "g=2.69 #gms\n", + "R=0.08205 #l−atm moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "T=250 #Celsius\n", + "P=1 #atm\n", + "V=1 #lit\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "M2=g*R*(273.1+T)/(P*V)\n", + "a=(M1-M2)/M2\n", + "Kp=a**2*P/(1-a**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Kp=round(Kp,3)\n", + "print 'Kp=',Kp" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.5, Page no.37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 6, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "degree of dissociation= 0.574\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "x=0.0574 #mole\n", + "n=0.1 #mole\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "a=x/n\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'degree of dissociation=',a" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.6, Page no.37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 7, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "x= 0.341 mole\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=0.08205 #l−atm moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "T=250 #Celsius\n", + "n=0.1 #mole\n", + "Kp=1.78\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "x=n+(n**2*R*(273.1+T)/Kp)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "x=round(x,3)\n", + "print 'x=',x,'mole'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.7, Page no.38" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 8, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "P= 3.668 atm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Ppcl5=1 #atm\n", + "Kp=1.78 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "Ppcl2=sqrt(Kp)\n", + "P=2*Ppcl2+Ppcl5\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "P=round(P,3)\n", + "print 'P=',P,'atm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.8, Page no.38" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 9, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kp= 42.72 atm\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Kp=1.78\n", + "a=0.2\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "P=Kp*(1-a**2)/a**2\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'Kp=',P,'atm'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.10, Page no.38" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 10, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "K= 4.001\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "n=0.6667 #mole\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "K=n**2/((1-n)**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "K=round(K,3)\n", + "print 'K=',K" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.11, Page no.39" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 11, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dG= 1160.57 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "pN2O4=0.141 #atm\n", + "pNO2=1 #atm\n", + "R=1.987 #cal moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "T=25 #Celsius\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dG=-R*2.303*(273.1+T)*math.log10(pN2O4/pNO2**2)\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dG=round(dG,3)\n", + "print 'dG=',dG,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.12, Page no.40" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 12, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dG= -1160.57 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "pN2O4=1 #atm \n", + "pNO2=0.141 #atm \n", + "R=1.987 #cal moleˆ−1 degˆ−1 \n", + "T=25 #C \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "dG=-R*2.303*(273.1+T)*math.log10(pN2O4/pNO2) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "dG=round(dG,3)\n", + "print 'dG=',dG,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.13, Page no.40" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 13, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dG= -3526.964 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "Kc=2.7*10**2 \n", + "R= 1.987 #cal moleˆ−1 degˆ−1 \n", + "T= 43.9 #c \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "dG=-R*(273.1+T)*2.303*math.log10(Kc) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "dG=round(dG,3)\n", + "print 'dG=',dG,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.14, Page no.40" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 14, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kp= 6.30787913713e-05 e\n", + "ANSWER IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dH=-17.889 # cal degˆ−1 \n", + "T=25 #C \n", + "dS=-19.28 # cal degˆ−1 \n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 degˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "dG=dH-dS*(273.1+T) \n", + "Kp=10**(dG/(-R*(273.1+T)*2.303)) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'Kp=',Kp,'e'\n", + "print 'ANSWER IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.15, Page no.40" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 15, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kp= 1.01157190896 e\n", + "ANSWER IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "HCO2=-94.2598 # kcal\n", + "HH2=0 # kcal\n", + "HCO=-32.8079 # kcal\n", + "HH2O=-54.6357 # kcal\n", + "R=1.987 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "T=25 #C\n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "Kp=10**(-(HCO2 -HCO -HH2O)/(R*2.303*(273.1+T)))\n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "print 'Kp=',Kp,'e' \n", + "print 'ANSWER IN THE TEXTBOOK IS WRONG'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.16, Page no.41" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 16, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "dG= -202.666 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "G0=1161.0 # cal\n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 degˆ−1\n", + "T=25.0 #C\n", + "P=1.0 #atm\n", + "P1=10.0 #atm\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dG=G0+R*(273.0+T)*2.303*math.log10(P**2/P1) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "dG=round(dG,3)\n", + "print 'dG=',dG,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.17, Page no.41" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 17, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "enthalpy change= 43273.17 cal\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "K2500=3.6*10**-3\n", + "K2000=4.08*10** -4 \n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1\n", + "T1=2500 #K\n", + "T2=2000 #K\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "dH=math.log10(K2500/K2000)*2.303*R*T1*T2/(T1-T2) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "dH=round(dH,3)\n", + "print 'enthalpy change=',dH,'cal'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.18, Page no.42" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 18, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "K800= 3.596\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "dH=-10200 #cal\n", + "R=1.987 # cal degˆ−1 moleˆ−1\n", + "T1=690 #K\n", + "T2=800 #K\n", + "KT1=10\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "KT2=KT1*10**(dH*(T2-T1)/(2.303*R*T1*T2)) \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "KT2=round(KT2,3)\n", + "print 'K800=',KT2" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.19, Page no.42" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 19, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "Kp= 1.953\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=1000.0 #K \n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1 \n", + "G=-1330.0 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "Kp=10.0**(G/(-R*T*2.303)) \n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "Kp=round(Kp,3)\n", + "print 'Kp=',Kp" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.20, Page no.43" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 20, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "percent dissaciated= 97.304 percent\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "from math import sqrt\n", + "Kp=1.78 \n", + "P=0.1 #atm \n", + "#CALCULATIONS \n", + "a=sqrt(Kp/(Kp+P))*100 \n", + "#RESULTS \n", + "a=round(a,3)\n", + "print 'percent dissaciated=',a,'percent'" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.21, Page no.43" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 21, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "equilibrium constant= 0.00000072\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1 \n", + "T=2000 #K \n", + "dH= 117172 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "H=-43 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "n=2 \n", + "H1=-56.12 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "#CALCULATIONS 1\n", + "K=10**( -(1/(2.303*R))*((dH/T)+n*H-H1))\n", + "#RESULTS\n", + "print 'equilibrium constant=',format(K, '.8f')" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Example 9.22, Page no.43" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "execution_count": 22, + "metadata": { + "collapsed": false + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "text": [ + "ANSWER IN TEXTBOOK IS WRONG\n" + ] + } + ], + "source": [ + "import math\n", + "#initialisation of variables\n", + "T=25.0 #C \n", + "R=1.987 # cal moleˆ−1 Kˆ−1 \n", + "n=2.0 \n", + "dH=-21.840 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "HHCl=-37.73 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "HH2=-24.44 # cal moleˆ−1 \n", + "HCl=-45.95 # cal moleˆ−1 1\n", + "#CALCULATIONS\n", + "K=10**(( -1/(2.303*R))*((dH*n/(273.15+T))+n*HHCl -HH2 - HCl))\n", + "print 'ANSWER IN TEXTBOOK IS WRONG'" + ] + } + ], + "metadata": { + "anaconda-cloud": {}, + "kernelspec": { + "display_name": "Python [Root]", + "language": "python", + "name": "Python [Root]" + }, + "language_info": { + "codemirror_mode": { + "name": "ipython", + "version": 2 + }, + "file_extension": ".py", + "mimetype": "text/x-python", + "name": "python", + "nbconvert_exporter": "python", + "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", + "version": "2.7.11" + } + }, + "nbformat": 4, + "nbformat_minor": 0 +} diff --git a/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/screenshots/2.png b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/screenshots/2.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 00000000..85907f1b --- /dev/null +++ b/Physical_Chemistry_by_D._Farrington/screenshots/2.png diff --git 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