diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser')
26 files changed, 0 insertions, 8528 deletions
diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 668d3a3b..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,251 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:f6057f567522f2ec05cc49c207f47842aee03556e2aab087a974cae3593d6b0b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 1: Overview of optical fiber communication"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.1, Page Number: 8"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "f1 = 100*1e3 #frequency1 = 100KHz\n",
- "f2 = 1e9 #frequency2 = 1GHz\n",
- "T1 = 1.0/f1 #Time period1 = 0.01ms\n",
- "T2 = 1.0/f2 #Time period2 = 1 ns\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "phi = (0.25)*360.0 # Phase shift(degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Phase shift = \",round(phi),\"Degree\",\"= \",round((round(phi)*math.pi)/180,4), \"radian\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Phase shift = 90.0 Degree = 1.5708 radian\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.2, Page Number: 10"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "flow=10*1e3 #Lowest frequency(KHz)\n",
- "fhigh=100*1e3 #Highest frequency(KHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "bandwidth=fhigh-flow #bandwidth(KHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandwidth=\",bandwidth/1000 ,\"KHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandwidth= 90.0 KHz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 25
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.4, Page Number: 12"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "B = 10*1e6 # Bandwidth of noisy channel 1MHZ\n",
- "S_N = 1 # signal to noise ratio is 1\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "C=B*(math.log(1+S_N)/math.log(2)) #capacity of channel(Mb/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Capacity of channel =\",C/(10*1e6),\"Mb/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Capacity of channel = 1.0 Mb/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 26
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.5, Page Number: 12"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "fLow = 3*1e6 #low frequency = 3MHz\n",
- "fHigh = 4*1e6 #high frequency = 4MHz\n",
- "SNR_dB = 20 #signal to noise ratio 20 dB\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "B = fHigh-fLow #Bandwidth(MHz)\n",
- "S_N = 10**(SNR_dB/10) #signal to noise ratio\n",
- "C = B*(math.log(1+S_N)/math.log(2)) #capacity of channel(Mb/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Capacity of channel=\",round(C/(1e6),1),\"Mb/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Capacity of channel= 6.7 Mb/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 27
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.6, Page Number: 14"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "P1 = 1 # Let p1 be 1 watt\n",
- "P2 = P1*0.5 # P2 is half of p1 so 1/2\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Atten_dB = 10*(math.log(P2/P1)/math.log(10)) #attenuation or loss of power(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Attenuation loss =\",round(Atten_dB,0), \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Attenuation loss = -3.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 28
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.7, Page Number: 14"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "Loss_line1 = -9 #attenuation of signal between point 1 to 2 = 9 dB\n",
- "Amp_gain2 = 14 #Amplification of signal between point 2 to 3 = 14 dB\n",
- "Loss_line3 = -3 #attenuation of signal between point 3 to 4 = 3 dB\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "dB_at_line4 = Loss_line1+Amp_gain2+Loss_line3 #power gain(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power gain for a signal travelling from point1 to another point4 = \",dB_at_line4, \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power gain for a signal travelling from point1 to another point4 = 2 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 29
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index eea0d5e9..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,546 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:d17d5fe4155b7f2d086c5c988af67c717660e52a459d2e6f74c5f9135d5d0a50"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 10: WDM concepts and Components"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.1, Page Number: 343"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration \n",
- "Lambda2 = 1520.0*10**-9 #spectral bandwidth(nHz)\n",
- "Lambda1 = 1420.0*10**-9\n",
- "C = 3.0*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "delta_Lambda1=100.0*10**-9 #spectral band(nm)\n",
- "delta_Lambda2=105.0*10**-9\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v1= C*delta_Lambda1 /(Lambda1**2) #optical bandwidth(Hz) \n",
- "delta_v2= C*delta_Lambda2/(Lambda2**2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Usable spectral band for 100 nm = \",round(delta_v1*10**-12,1),\"THz\"\n",
- "print \"Usable spectral band for 100 nm = \",round(delta_v2*10**-12),\"THz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Usable spectral band for 100 nm = 14.9 THz\n",
- "Usable spectral band for 100 nm = 14.0 THz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 20
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.2, Page Number: 343"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "c=3.0*pow(10,8) #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "delta_lambda=0.8*pow(10,-9) #spectral band (meter)\n",
- "lam_bda=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavwlenth (meter)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v=(c*delta_lambda)/lam_bda**2 #Mean freqency spacing(GHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Mean freqency spacing = \" , round(delta_v*(pow(10,-9))),\"GHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Mean freqency spacing = 100.0 GHz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 21
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.3, Page Number: 348"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "p0=200.0*pow(10,-6) #input optical power level (watts)\n",
- "p1=90.0*pow(10,-6) #output power at port-1\n",
- "p2=85.0*pow(10,-6) #output power at port-2\n",
- "p3=6.3*pow(10,-9) #output power at port-3\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "coupling_ratio=(p2/(p1+p2))*100 #Coupling ratio(%)\n",
- "Excess_loss=10*(math.log10(p0/(p1+p2))) #Excess loss(dB)\n",
- "Insertion_loss_0_1=10*(math.log10(p0/p1)) #Insertion loss(dB)\n",
- "Insertion_loss_0_2=10*(math.log10(p0/p2))\n",
- "Return_loss = 10*(math.log10(p3/p0)) #Return loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Coupling ratio = \" , round(coupling_ratio,1) , \"%\"\n",
- "print \"Excess loss = \" , round(Excess_loss,2) , \"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Insertion loss (port0 to port1 = \" , round(Insertion_loss_0_1,2), \"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Insertion loss (port0 to port2 = \" , round(Insertion_loss_0_2,2), \"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Return loss = \" , round(Return_loss), \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling ratio = 48.6 %\n",
- "Excess loss = 0.58 dB\n",
- "Insertion loss (port0 to port1 = 3.47 dB\n",
- "Insertion loss (port0 to port2 = 3.72 dB\n",
- "Return loss = -45.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 22
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.6, Page Number: 353"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "k = 0.6/(10**-3) #Coupling coefficint (per mm)\n",
- "m = 1 #mode=1\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "L = ((math.pi)*(m+1))/(2*k) #coupling length(mm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Coupling length L = \",round(L*(10**3),2),\"mm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling length L = 5.24 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 23
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.7, Page Number: 355"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Power_Lost = 5.0/100.0 #lost power%\n",
- "FT = 1-Power_Lost #power coupled\n",
- "N = 32\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Excess_Loss = -10*(math.log10(FT**(math.log10(N)/math.log10(2)))) #Excess Loss(dB)\n",
- "Splitting_Loss = -10*math.log10(N) #Splitting Loss(dB)\n",
- "Total_Loss = (-Excess_Loss) + Splitting_Loss \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Excess Loss = \" , round(Excess_Loss,1) ,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Splitting Loss = \" , round(abs(Splitting_Loss)) ,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Total Loss experienced in Star Couplers = \" , round(-Total_Loss,1) , \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Excess Loss = 1.1 dB\n",
- "Splitting Loss = 15.0 dB\n",
- "Total Loss experienced in Star Couplers = 16.2 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8, Page Number: 357"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "delta_lambda=0.08*pow(10,-9) #wavelength spacing (nm)\n",
- "lam_bda=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavelength (meters)\n",
- "neff=1.5 #effective refractive index in the waveguide\n",
- "c=3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v1=10*10**9 #Frequency sepration\n",
- "delta_l1=c/(2*neff*delta_v1) #Waveguide length(mm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide length1 diffrence = \" , round(delta_l1*10**3) ,\"mm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide length1 diffrence = 10.0 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 28
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "delta_lambda=0.08*pow(10,-9) #wavelength spacing (nm)\n",
- "lam_bda=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavelength (meters)\n",
- "neff=1.5 #effective refractive index in the waveguide\n",
- "c=3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v2=130*10**9 #Frequency sepration\n",
- "delta_l2=c/(2*neff*delta_v2) #Waveguide length(mm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide length2 diffrence = \" , round(delta_l2*10**3,2) ,\"mm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide length2 diffrence = 0.77 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 29
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9, Page Number: 364"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "kl=1.0 #coupling coeffiecint and length \n",
- "k2=2.0\n",
- "k3=3.0\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "rmax1=math.tanh(kl)**2 #peak reflectivity Rmax\n",
- "rmax2=math.tanh(k2)**2\n",
- "rmax3=math.tanh(k3)**2\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"For k1 Rmax = \" , round(rmax1*100) ,\"%\"\n",
- "print \"For k2 Rmax = \" , round(rmax2*100) ,\"%\"\n",
- "print \"For k3 Rmax = \" ,round(rmax3*100) ,\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "For k1 Rmax = 58.0 %\n",
- "For k2 Rmax = 93.0 %\n",
- "For k3 Rmax = 99.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 30
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L=0.5 #length (cm)\n",
- "lam_bda_brg = 1530*10**-9 #reflaaction wavelength(nm)\n",
- "n_eff = 1.48 #mode effective index of core\n",
- "delta_n = 2.5*10**-4\n",
- "etta = 0.82 #efficiency(%)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "k = (math.pi*delta_n*etta)/(lam_bda_brg) #coupling coefficint\n",
- "delta_lambda = (lam_bda_brg**2)*(math.sqrt(((k/100*L)**2)+math.pi**2))/(math.pi*n_eff*L) #bandwidth\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Coupling coefficint = \", round(k/100,1), \"1/cm\"\n",
- "print \"Total bandwidth = \", round(delta_lambda*10**11,2),\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling coefficint = 4.2 1/cm\n",
- "Total bandwidth = 0.38 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 31
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.10, Page Number: 372"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "lambda_c=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "nc=1.45 #refrective index of grating array waveguide \n",
- "ns=1.45 #refrective index of teh star coupler\n",
- "ng=1.47 #group index of grating array waveguide\n",
- "x=5*10**-6 #spacing between input waveguide(um)\n",
- "d=5*10**-6 #spacing between output waveguide(um)\n",
- "m=1 #mode\n",
- "lf=10*10**-3 #distance between Tx to Rx\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_l=m*lambda_c/nc #waveguide length diffrence(um)\n",
- "delta_lambda=(x/lf)*(ns*d/m)*(ns/ng) #channel spacing(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide length diffrence = \" , round(delta_l*10**6,3), \"um\"\n",
- "print \"Channel spacing interms of wavelength = \" , round(delta_lambda*10**9,2) ,\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide length diffrence = 1.069 um\n",
- "Channel spacing interms of wavelength = 3.58 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 32
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.11, Page Number: 373"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration \n",
- "nc=1.45 #refractive index\n",
- "Lambda_C = 1550.5*pow(10,-9) #center wavelength(nm)\n",
- "delta_Lambda = 32.2*pow(10,-9) #free spectral range(nm)\n",
- "c=3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_L = Lambda_C**2/(nc*delta_Lambda) #length diffrence(um)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Length diffrence between adjacent array waveguide = \" , round(delta_L*10**6,2) , \"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Length diffrence between adjacent array waveguide = 51.49 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 33
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.12, Page Number: 383"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1550*pow(10,-9) #DBR laser wavelength(nm)\n",
- "delta_neff = 0.0065 #index change\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_Lambda_tune = Lam_bda*delta_neff #tuning range (meter) \n",
- "delta_Lambda_signal = 0.02*pow(10,-9) #spectral width(meter)\n",
- "delta_Lambda_channel = 10*delta_Lambda_signal #channal width\n",
- "N = delta_Lambda_tune/delta_Lambda_channel #The number of channels\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Tuning wavelength = \" , round(delta_Lambda_tune*10**9) , \"nm\"\n",
- "print \"The number of channels that can operate in this tuning range is N = \" , round(N)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Tuning wavelength = 10.0 nm\n",
- "The number of channels that can operate in this tuning range is N = 50.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 34
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index eea0d5e9..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter10_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,546 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:d17d5fe4155b7f2d086c5c988af67c717660e52a459d2e6f74c5f9135d5d0a50"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 10: WDM concepts and Components"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.1, Page Number: 343"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration \n",
- "Lambda2 = 1520.0*10**-9 #spectral bandwidth(nHz)\n",
- "Lambda1 = 1420.0*10**-9\n",
- "C = 3.0*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "delta_Lambda1=100.0*10**-9 #spectral band(nm)\n",
- "delta_Lambda2=105.0*10**-9\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v1= C*delta_Lambda1 /(Lambda1**2) #optical bandwidth(Hz) \n",
- "delta_v2= C*delta_Lambda2/(Lambda2**2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Usable spectral band for 100 nm = \",round(delta_v1*10**-12,1),\"THz\"\n",
- "print \"Usable spectral band for 100 nm = \",round(delta_v2*10**-12),\"THz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Usable spectral band for 100 nm = 14.9 THz\n",
- "Usable spectral band for 100 nm = 14.0 THz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 20
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.2, Page Number: 343"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "c=3.0*pow(10,8) #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "delta_lambda=0.8*pow(10,-9) #spectral band (meter)\n",
- "lam_bda=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavwlenth (meter)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v=(c*delta_lambda)/lam_bda**2 #Mean freqency spacing(GHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Mean freqency spacing = \" , round(delta_v*(pow(10,-9))),\"GHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Mean freqency spacing = 100.0 GHz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 21
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.3, Page Number: 348"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "p0=200.0*pow(10,-6) #input optical power level (watts)\n",
- "p1=90.0*pow(10,-6) #output power at port-1\n",
- "p2=85.0*pow(10,-6) #output power at port-2\n",
- "p3=6.3*pow(10,-9) #output power at port-3\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "coupling_ratio=(p2/(p1+p2))*100 #Coupling ratio(%)\n",
- "Excess_loss=10*(math.log10(p0/(p1+p2))) #Excess loss(dB)\n",
- "Insertion_loss_0_1=10*(math.log10(p0/p1)) #Insertion loss(dB)\n",
- "Insertion_loss_0_2=10*(math.log10(p0/p2))\n",
- "Return_loss = 10*(math.log10(p3/p0)) #Return loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Coupling ratio = \" , round(coupling_ratio,1) , \"%\"\n",
- "print \"Excess loss = \" , round(Excess_loss,2) , \"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Insertion loss (port0 to port1 = \" , round(Insertion_loss_0_1,2), \"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Insertion loss (port0 to port2 = \" , round(Insertion_loss_0_2,2), \"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Return loss = \" , round(Return_loss), \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling ratio = 48.6 %\n",
- "Excess loss = 0.58 dB\n",
- "Insertion loss (port0 to port1 = 3.47 dB\n",
- "Insertion loss (port0 to port2 = 3.72 dB\n",
- "Return loss = -45.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 22
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.6, Page Number: 353"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "k = 0.6/(10**-3) #Coupling coefficint (per mm)\n",
- "m = 1 #mode=1\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "L = ((math.pi)*(m+1))/(2*k) #coupling length(mm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Coupling length L = \",round(L*(10**3),2),\"mm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling length L = 5.24 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 23
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.7, Page Number: 355"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Power_Lost = 5.0/100.0 #lost power%\n",
- "FT = 1-Power_Lost #power coupled\n",
- "N = 32\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Excess_Loss = -10*(math.log10(FT**(math.log10(N)/math.log10(2)))) #Excess Loss(dB)\n",
- "Splitting_Loss = -10*math.log10(N) #Splitting Loss(dB)\n",
- "Total_Loss = (-Excess_Loss) + Splitting_Loss \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Excess Loss = \" , round(Excess_Loss,1) ,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Splitting Loss = \" , round(abs(Splitting_Loss)) ,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Total Loss experienced in Star Couplers = \" , round(-Total_Loss,1) , \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Excess Loss = 1.1 dB\n",
- "Splitting Loss = 15.0 dB\n",
- "Total Loss experienced in Star Couplers = 16.2 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8, Page Number: 357"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "delta_lambda=0.08*pow(10,-9) #wavelength spacing (nm)\n",
- "lam_bda=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavelength (meters)\n",
- "neff=1.5 #effective refractive index in the waveguide\n",
- "c=3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v1=10*10**9 #Frequency sepration\n",
- "delta_l1=c/(2*neff*delta_v1) #Waveguide length(mm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide length1 diffrence = \" , round(delta_l1*10**3) ,\"mm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide length1 diffrence = 10.0 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 28
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "delta_lambda=0.08*pow(10,-9) #wavelength spacing (nm)\n",
- "lam_bda=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavelength (meters)\n",
- "neff=1.5 #effective refractive index in the waveguide\n",
- "c=3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_v2=130*10**9 #Frequency sepration\n",
- "delta_l2=c/(2*neff*delta_v2) #Waveguide length(mm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide length2 diffrence = \" , round(delta_l2*10**3,2) ,\"mm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide length2 diffrence = 0.77 mm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 29
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9, Page Number: 364"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "kl=1.0 #coupling coeffiecint and length \n",
- "k2=2.0\n",
- "k3=3.0\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "rmax1=math.tanh(kl)**2 #peak reflectivity Rmax\n",
- "rmax2=math.tanh(k2)**2\n",
- "rmax3=math.tanh(k3)**2\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"For k1 Rmax = \" , round(rmax1*100) ,\"%\"\n",
- "print \"For k2 Rmax = \" , round(rmax2*100) ,\"%\"\n",
- "print \"For k3 Rmax = \" ,round(rmax3*100) ,\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "For k1 Rmax = 58.0 %\n",
- "For k2 Rmax = 93.0 %\n",
- "For k3 Rmax = 99.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 30
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L=0.5 #length (cm)\n",
- "lam_bda_brg = 1530*10**-9 #reflaaction wavelength(nm)\n",
- "n_eff = 1.48 #mode effective index of core\n",
- "delta_n = 2.5*10**-4\n",
- "etta = 0.82 #efficiency(%)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "k = (math.pi*delta_n*etta)/(lam_bda_brg) #coupling coefficint\n",
- "delta_lambda = (lam_bda_brg**2)*(math.sqrt(((k/100*L)**2)+math.pi**2))/(math.pi*n_eff*L) #bandwidth\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Coupling coefficint = \", round(k/100,1), \"1/cm\"\n",
- "print \"Total bandwidth = \", round(delta_lambda*10**11,2),\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling coefficint = 4.2 1/cm\n",
- "Total bandwidth = 0.38 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 31
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.10, Page Number: 372"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "lambda_c=1550*pow(10,-9) #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "nc=1.45 #refrective index of grating array waveguide \n",
- "ns=1.45 #refrective index of teh star coupler\n",
- "ng=1.47 #group index of grating array waveguide\n",
- "x=5*10**-6 #spacing between input waveguide(um)\n",
- "d=5*10**-6 #spacing between output waveguide(um)\n",
- "m=1 #mode\n",
- "lf=10*10**-3 #distance between Tx to Rx\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_l=m*lambda_c/nc #waveguide length diffrence(um)\n",
- "delta_lambda=(x/lf)*(ns*d/m)*(ns/ng) #channel spacing(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide length diffrence = \" , round(delta_l*10**6,3), \"um\"\n",
- "print \"Channel spacing interms of wavelength = \" , round(delta_lambda*10**9,2) ,\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide length diffrence = 1.069 um\n",
- "Channel spacing interms of wavelength = 3.58 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 32
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.11, Page Number: 373"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration \n",
- "nc=1.45 #refractive index\n",
- "Lambda_C = 1550.5*pow(10,-9) #center wavelength(nm)\n",
- "delta_Lambda = 32.2*pow(10,-9) #free spectral range(nm)\n",
- "c=3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_L = Lambda_C**2/(nc*delta_Lambda) #length diffrence(um)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Length diffrence between adjacent array waveguide = \" , round(delta_L*10**6,2) , \"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Length diffrence between adjacent array waveguide = 51.49 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 33
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.12, Page Number: 383"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1550*pow(10,-9) #DBR laser wavelength(nm)\n",
- "delta_neff = 0.0065 #index change\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_Lambda_tune = Lam_bda*delta_neff #tuning range (meter) \n",
- "delta_Lambda_signal = 0.02*pow(10,-9) #spectral width(meter)\n",
- "delta_Lambda_channel = 10*delta_Lambda_signal #channal width\n",
- "N = delta_Lambda_tune/delta_Lambda_channel #The number of channels\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Tuning wavelength = \" , round(delta_Lambda_tune*10**9) , \"nm\"\n",
- "print \"The number of channels that can operate in this tuning range is N = \" , round(N)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Tuning wavelength = 10.0 nm\n",
- "The number of channels that can operate in this tuning range is N = 50.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 34
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index c71b9640..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,416 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:4930bebda7035fefc5221e84cdee44dfb2c772873b238e2ca2714c2de4369a09"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 11: Optical amplifires"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.1, Page Number: 397"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Vg = 2*10**8 #group velocity (m/s)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant (J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity (m/s)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1550*10**-9 #operating wave length(nm)\n",
- "V = C/Lam_bda #frequency (Hz)\n",
- "w = 5*10**-6 #width of optical amplifier (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.5*10**-6 #thickness of optical amplifier (meter)\n",
- "Ps = 10**-6 #optical signal of power\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Nph = Ps/(Vg*h*V*w*d) #photon density\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The photon density Nph = \" ,round(Nph*1e-16,2),\"e+6 photons/m3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The photon density Nph = 1.56 e+6 photons/m3\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.2, Page Number: 397"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.2(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#varible declaration\n",
- "I = 100.0*10**-3 #bias current (Amps)\n",
- "w = 3.0*10**-6 #active area width (meters)\n",
- "L = 500.0*10**-6 #amplifier lenght (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.3*10**-6 #active area thick ness(meters)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #charge (coulombs)\n",
- "Tuo = 0.3 #The confinement factor\n",
- "a = 2*10**-20 #gain coefficient (square meter)\n",
- "J = I/(w*L) #3bias current density (Amp/squre meter)\n",
- "nth = 10**24 #threshold density (per cubic meter)\n",
- "Tuor = 10**-9; #Time constant (seconds)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Rp = I/(q*d*w*L) # The pumping rate((electron/m3)/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The pumping rate Rp = \" , round(Rp*1e-33,2)*10**33,\" (electron/m3)/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The pumping rate Rp = 1.39e+33 (electron/m3)/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.2(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#varible declaration\n",
- "I = 100.0*10**-3 #bias current (Amps)\n",
- "w = 3.0*10**-6 #active area width (meters)\n",
- "L = 500.0*10**-6 #amplifier lenght (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.3*10**-6 #active area thick ness(meters)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #charge (coulombs)\n",
- "Tuo = 0.3 #The confinement factor\n",
- "a = 2*10**-20 #gain coefficient (square meter)\n",
- "J = I/(w*L) #3bias current density (Amp/squre meter)\n",
- "nth = 10**24 #threshold density (per cubic meter)\n",
- "Tuor = 10**-9; #Time constant (seconds)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Rp=I/(q*d*w*L) #The pumping rate((electron/m3)/s)\n",
- "g0 = Tuo*a*Tuor*(round(Rp*1e-33,2)*10**33-(nth/Tuor)) #The zero singal(1/cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The zero singal g0 = \" ,round(g0),\"1/m =\", round(g0/100,1),\"1/cm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The zero singal g0 = 2340.0 1/m = 23.4 1/cm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.3, Page Number: 404"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda_p = 980.0*10**-9 #pump wavelength(nm)\n",
- "Lambda_s = 1550.0*10**-9 #signal wavelength(nm)\n",
- "Pp_in = 30.0*10**-3 #input pump power (watts)\n",
- "G = 1.0*10**2 #gain\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps_in = (Lambda_p/Lambda_s)*Pp_in/(G-1) #maximum input power(W)\n",
- "Ps_out = Ps_in+(Lambda_p/Lambda_s)*Pp_in #maximum output power(W)\n",
- "Ps_out_db = 10*(math.log10(Ps_out*10**3)) #maximum output power(dBm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The maximum input power = \" , round(Ps_in*10**6) , \"uW\"\n",
- "print \"The maximum output power = \" , round(Ps_out*10**3,1),\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"The maximum output power = \" , round(Ps_out_db,1),\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The maximum input power = 192.0 uW\n",
- "The maximum output power = 19.2 mW\n",
- "The maximum output power = 12.8 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.6, Page Number: 412"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declarion\n",
- "Q = 6 #Q factor of 6\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "OSNR = 0.5*Q*(Q+math.sqrt(2))\n",
- "OSNR_DB = 10*(math.log10(OSNR)) #The optical signal to noise ratio(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) = \" ,round(OSNR,2),\"=\", round(OSNR_DB,1),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) = 22.24 = 13.5 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.7, Page Number: 413"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda_p = 980*10**-9 #pump wavelength (meters)\n",
- "Lambda_s = 1540*10**-9 #signal wavelength (meters)\n",
- "Ps_out = 10*10**-3 #output signal power(mW)\n",
- "Ps_in = 10**-3 #input signal power(mW)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pp_in = (Lambda_s/Lambda_p)*(Ps_out-Ps_in) #pump power at input(mW)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Pump power = \" , round(Pp_in*10**3) ,\"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Pump power = 14.0 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.8, Page Number: 413"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "P_ASE1 = -22 #ASE level (dBm)\n",
- "P_ASE2 = -16 #ASE level (dBm)\n",
- "Pout = 6 #amplified signal level (dBm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "OSNR1 = Pout-P_ASE1 \n",
- "OSNR2 = Pout-P_ASE2 #The optical signal to noise ratio(dBm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Optical SNR OSNR1 = \" , round(OSNR1) , \"dBm\"\n",
- "print \"Optical SNR OSNR2 = \" , round(OSNR2) , \"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Optical SNR OSNR1 = 28.0 dBm\n",
- "Optical SNR OSNR2 = 22.0 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.9, Page Number: 414"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "G1 = 10**(30/10) #gain(dB)\n",
- "G2 = 10**(20/10)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Fpath1 = (((G1-1)/math.log(G1))**2)/G1 #noise penalty factor for G1\n",
- "fpath_db1=10*math.log10(Fpath1) #noise penalty factor(dB)\n",
- "Fpath2 = (((G2-1)/math.log(G2))**2)/G2 #noise penalty factor for G2\n",
- "fpath_db2=10*math.log10(Fpath2) #noise penalty factor(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Noise penalty factor for G1 = \",round(fpath_db1,1),\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Noise penalty factor for G2 = \",round(fpath_db2,1),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Noise penalty factor for G1 = 13.2 dB\n",
- "Noise penalty factor for G2 = 6.6 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.10, Page Number: 415"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "etta = 0.65 #quantum efficiency\n",
- "nsp = 2 #population inversion\n",
- "R =50 #load resistance(ohms)\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #oprating wavelength(meters)\n",
- "T = 300 #room temperature(kelvin)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "kB = 1.38*10**-23 #boltzmann's constant \n",
- "V = C/ Lambda #(Hz)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps_in = kB*T*h*V/(R*nsp*(etta**2)*(q**2)) #maxiamum input optical power level(Watt)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Upper bound input otical power level <\",round(Ps_in*10**6,1),\"uW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Upper bound input otical power level < 490.8 uW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index c71b9640..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter11_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,416 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:4930bebda7035fefc5221e84cdee44dfb2c772873b238e2ca2714c2de4369a09"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 11: Optical amplifires"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.1, Page Number: 397"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Vg = 2*10**8 #group velocity (m/s)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant (J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity (m/s)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1550*10**-9 #operating wave length(nm)\n",
- "V = C/Lam_bda #frequency (Hz)\n",
- "w = 5*10**-6 #width of optical amplifier (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.5*10**-6 #thickness of optical amplifier (meter)\n",
- "Ps = 10**-6 #optical signal of power\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Nph = Ps/(Vg*h*V*w*d) #photon density\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The photon density Nph = \" ,round(Nph*1e-16,2),\"e+6 photons/m3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The photon density Nph = 1.56 e+6 photons/m3\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.2, Page Number: 397"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.2(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#varible declaration\n",
- "I = 100.0*10**-3 #bias current (Amps)\n",
- "w = 3.0*10**-6 #active area width (meters)\n",
- "L = 500.0*10**-6 #amplifier lenght (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.3*10**-6 #active area thick ness(meters)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #charge (coulombs)\n",
- "Tuo = 0.3 #The confinement factor\n",
- "a = 2*10**-20 #gain coefficient (square meter)\n",
- "J = I/(w*L) #3bias current density (Amp/squre meter)\n",
- "nth = 10**24 #threshold density (per cubic meter)\n",
- "Tuor = 10**-9; #Time constant (seconds)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Rp = I/(q*d*w*L) # The pumping rate((electron/m3)/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The pumping rate Rp = \" , round(Rp*1e-33,2)*10**33,\" (electron/m3)/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The pumping rate Rp = 1.39e+33 (electron/m3)/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.2(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#varible declaration\n",
- "I = 100.0*10**-3 #bias current (Amps)\n",
- "w = 3.0*10**-6 #active area width (meters)\n",
- "L = 500.0*10**-6 #amplifier lenght (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.3*10**-6 #active area thick ness(meters)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #charge (coulombs)\n",
- "Tuo = 0.3 #The confinement factor\n",
- "a = 2*10**-20 #gain coefficient (square meter)\n",
- "J = I/(w*L) #3bias current density (Amp/squre meter)\n",
- "nth = 10**24 #threshold density (per cubic meter)\n",
- "Tuor = 10**-9; #Time constant (seconds)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Rp=I/(q*d*w*L) #The pumping rate((electron/m3)/s)\n",
- "g0 = Tuo*a*Tuor*(round(Rp*1e-33,2)*10**33-(nth/Tuor)) #The zero singal(1/cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The zero singal g0 = \" ,round(g0),\"1/m =\", round(g0/100,1),\"1/cm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The zero singal g0 = 2340.0 1/m = 23.4 1/cm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.3, Page Number: 404"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda_p = 980.0*10**-9 #pump wavelength(nm)\n",
- "Lambda_s = 1550.0*10**-9 #signal wavelength(nm)\n",
- "Pp_in = 30.0*10**-3 #input pump power (watts)\n",
- "G = 1.0*10**2 #gain\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps_in = (Lambda_p/Lambda_s)*Pp_in/(G-1) #maximum input power(W)\n",
- "Ps_out = Ps_in+(Lambda_p/Lambda_s)*Pp_in #maximum output power(W)\n",
- "Ps_out_db = 10*(math.log10(Ps_out*10**3)) #maximum output power(dBm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The maximum input power = \" , round(Ps_in*10**6) , \"uW\"\n",
- "print \"The maximum output power = \" , round(Ps_out*10**3,1),\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"The maximum output power = \" , round(Ps_out_db,1),\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The maximum input power = 192.0 uW\n",
- "The maximum output power = 19.2 mW\n",
- "The maximum output power = 12.8 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.6, Page Number: 412"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declarion\n",
- "Q = 6 #Q factor of 6\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "OSNR = 0.5*Q*(Q+math.sqrt(2))\n",
- "OSNR_DB = 10*(math.log10(OSNR)) #The optical signal to noise ratio(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) = \" ,round(OSNR,2),\"=\", round(OSNR_DB,1),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) = 22.24 = 13.5 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.7, Page Number: 413"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda_p = 980*10**-9 #pump wavelength (meters)\n",
- "Lambda_s = 1540*10**-9 #signal wavelength (meters)\n",
- "Ps_out = 10*10**-3 #output signal power(mW)\n",
- "Ps_in = 10**-3 #input signal power(mW)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pp_in = (Lambda_s/Lambda_p)*(Ps_out-Ps_in) #pump power at input(mW)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Pump power = \" , round(Pp_in*10**3) ,\"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Pump power = 14.0 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.8, Page Number: 413"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "P_ASE1 = -22 #ASE level (dBm)\n",
- "P_ASE2 = -16 #ASE level (dBm)\n",
- "Pout = 6 #amplified signal level (dBm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "OSNR1 = Pout-P_ASE1 \n",
- "OSNR2 = Pout-P_ASE2 #The optical signal to noise ratio(dBm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Optical SNR OSNR1 = \" , round(OSNR1) , \"dBm\"\n",
- "print \"Optical SNR OSNR2 = \" , round(OSNR2) , \"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Optical SNR OSNR1 = 28.0 dBm\n",
- "Optical SNR OSNR2 = 22.0 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.9, Page Number: 414"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "G1 = 10**(30/10) #gain(dB)\n",
- "G2 = 10**(20/10)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Fpath1 = (((G1-1)/math.log(G1))**2)/G1 #noise penalty factor for G1\n",
- "fpath_db1=10*math.log10(Fpath1) #noise penalty factor(dB)\n",
- "Fpath2 = (((G2-1)/math.log(G2))**2)/G2 #noise penalty factor for G2\n",
- "fpath_db2=10*math.log10(Fpath2) #noise penalty factor(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Noise penalty factor for G1 = \",round(fpath_db1,1),\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Noise penalty factor for G2 = \",round(fpath_db2,1),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Noise penalty factor for G1 = 13.2 dB\n",
- "Noise penalty factor for G2 = 6.6 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 11.10, Page Number: 415"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "etta = 0.65 #quantum efficiency\n",
- "nsp = 2 #population inversion\n",
- "R =50 #load resistance(ohms)\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #oprating wavelength(meters)\n",
- "T = 300 #room temperature(kelvin)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "kB = 1.38*10**-23 #boltzmann's constant \n",
- "V = C/ Lambda #(Hz)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps_in = kB*T*h*V/(R*nsp*(etta**2)*(q**2)) #maxiamum input optical power level(Watt)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Upper bound input otical power level <\",round(Ps_in*10**6,1),\"uW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Upper bound input otical power level < 490.8 uW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 9cb33486..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,426 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c3f1cf4a5fa47c6ef9a25eb541b21d8b2dacc1e06513af0b6ceab3905b06fd91"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 12: Nonlinear effects"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.1, Page Number: 432"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L = 75.0 #amplifier spcaing (kilometer)\n",
- "alpha = 4.61*10**-2 #fiber attenuation (per Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Leff = (1-math.exp(-alpha*L))/alpha #effective length(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Effective length of fiber = \" , round(Leff,0) , \"km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Effective length of fiber = 21.0 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.2, Page Number: 433"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "delta_VB = 20*10**6 #Brillouin linewidth (Hz)\n",
- "Aeff = 55*10**-12 #effective cross-sectional area of the propagating wave (square meter)\n",
- "Leff = 20*10**03 #effective length(km)\n",
- "b = 2 #polarization factor\n",
- "gB = 4*10**-11 #Brillous gain co-efficient (m/W)\n",
- "delta_Vsource = 40*10**6 #optical source linewidth (Hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pth = 21*(Aeff*b/(gB*Leff))*(1+(delta_Vsource/delta_VB)) #SBS threshold power(W)\n",
- "Ps_out_db = 10*(math.log10(Pth*10**3)) #SBS threshold power(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"SBS threshold power = \" , round(Pth*10**3,1) ,\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"SBS threshold power = \" , round(Ps_out_db,1) ,\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "SBS threshold power = 8.7 mW\n",
- "SBS threshold power = 9.4 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.3, Page Number: 438"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "sus_P=6*10**-15 #Third order nonliner suseptibility (m^3/Ws)\n",
- "D = 3 #degenereting factor\n",
- "Leff = 22*10**03 #effective length (meters)\n",
- "Aeff = 6.4*10**-11 #effective cross-sectional area of the fiber (m^2)\n",
- "etta = 0.05 #quantum efficiency\n",
- "Lambda = 1540*10**-9 #Wavelength in single mode fibers (meters)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity (m/s)\n",
- "alpha = 0.0461 #attenuation (per Km)\n",
- "L = 75 #fiberlink length (Km)\n",
- "P = 10**-3 #each channel input power of 1 mW\n",
- "n = 1.48 #refractive index\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "k = ((32*(math.pi**3)*sus_P)/((n**2)*Lambda*C))*(Leff/Aeff) #nonlinear interaction constant\n",
- "P112 = etta*(D**2)*(k**2)*(P**3)*(math.exp(-alpha*L)) #power genreted(W)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power genreted due to intrection of signals at different freqencies = \" , round(P112*10**11,2)*10**-8 , \"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power genreted due to intrection of signals at different freqencies = 5.8e-08 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.4, Page Number: 446"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration \n",
- "Ts1 = 15*10**-12 #FWHM soliton pulse width\n",
- "Ts2 = 50*10**-12\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "To1 = Ts1/1.7627 #normalized time(sec)\n",
- "To2 = Ts2/1.7627\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Normalized time for FWHM soliton pulse = \" , round(To1*10**12) , \"-\" , round(To2*10**12+2) , \"ps\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Normalized time for FWHM soliton pulse = 9.0 - 30.0 ps\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.5, Page Number: 446"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ts = 20*10**-12 #FWHM soliton pulse width (sec) \n",
- "D = 0.5*10**-6 #dispersion of the fiber (ps/(nm*km))\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #wavelength (meter)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity (m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ldisp = 0.322*2*math.pi*C*(Ts**2)/((Lambda**2)*D) #dispersion length(Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Dispersion length = \" , round(Ldisp/1000) , \"Km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Dispersion length = 202.0 Km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.6, Page Number: 447"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #wavelength (meters)\n",
- "n2 = 2.6*10**-20 #power (square m/w)\n",
- "Aeff = 50*10**-12 #effective area (m^2)\n",
- "Ldisp = 202*10**3 #dispersion length (meters)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ppeak = (Aeff/(2*math.pi*n2))*(Lambda/Ldisp) #soliton of peak power()\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Soliton of peak power = \" , round(Ppeak*1000,2) , \"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Soliton of peak power = 2.35 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7, Page Number: 448"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ldisp = 100*10**03 #disperison length in m\n",
- "omega = 4682 #oscillation period\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "LI = omega*Ldisp #interaction distance(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Interaction distance >= \" , round(LI*10**-5/1000,1) , \"e+05 km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Interaction distance >= 4.7 e+05 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "D = 0.5*10**-6 #disperison of fiber (ps/nm.km)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "S0 = 8 #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons\n",
- "B = 10*10**9 #data rate (10Gb/sec)\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #wavelength (m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Beta2 = (Lambda/(2*math.pi));\n",
- "LT = (C*math.exp(S0))/(16*D*B**2*(Beta2**2)*(S0**2)) #Total transmission distance(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Total transmission distance in km << \" , round(LT/10000),\"km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Total transmission distance in km << 28701.0 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(c), Page Number: 449"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "S0 = 8 #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons\n",
- "B = 10*10**9 #data rate (10Gb/sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ts = 0.881/(S0*B) #FHWM soliton pulse width\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"FWHM soliton pulse width = \" , round(Ts*1000*10**9),\"ps\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "FWHM soliton pulse width = 11.0 ps\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(d), Page Number: 449"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "S0 = 8 #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation \n",
- "Ts_TB = 0.881/S0 #fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton in % = \" , round(Ts_TB*100),\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton in % = 11.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 9cb33486..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter12_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,426 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c3f1cf4a5fa47c6ef9a25eb541b21d8b2dacc1e06513af0b6ceab3905b06fd91"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 12: Nonlinear effects"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.1, Page Number: 432"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L = 75.0 #amplifier spcaing (kilometer)\n",
- "alpha = 4.61*10**-2 #fiber attenuation (per Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Leff = (1-math.exp(-alpha*L))/alpha #effective length(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Effective length of fiber = \" , round(Leff,0) , \"km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Effective length of fiber = 21.0 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.2, Page Number: 433"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "delta_VB = 20*10**6 #Brillouin linewidth (Hz)\n",
- "Aeff = 55*10**-12 #effective cross-sectional area of the propagating wave (square meter)\n",
- "Leff = 20*10**03 #effective length(km)\n",
- "b = 2 #polarization factor\n",
- "gB = 4*10**-11 #Brillous gain co-efficient (m/W)\n",
- "delta_Vsource = 40*10**6 #optical source linewidth (Hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pth = 21*(Aeff*b/(gB*Leff))*(1+(delta_Vsource/delta_VB)) #SBS threshold power(W)\n",
- "Ps_out_db = 10*(math.log10(Pth*10**3)) #SBS threshold power(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"SBS threshold power = \" , round(Pth*10**3,1) ,\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"SBS threshold power = \" , round(Ps_out_db,1) ,\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "SBS threshold power = 8.7 mW\n",
- "SBS threshold power = 9.4 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.3, Page Number: 438"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "sus_P=6*10**-15 #Third order nonliner suseptibility (m^3/Ws)\n",
- "D = 3 #degenereting factor\n",
- "Leff = 22*10**03 #effective length (meters)\n",
- "Aeff = 6.4*10**-11 #effective cross-sectional area of the fiber (m^2)\n",
- "etta = 0.05 #quantum efficiency\n",
- "Lambda = 1540*10**-9 #Wavelength in single mode fibers (meters)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity (m/s)\n",
- "alpha = 0.0461 #attenuation (per Km)\n",
- "L = 75 #fiberlink length (Km)\n",
- "P = 10**-3 #each channel input power of 1 mW\n",
- "n = 1.48 #refractive index\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "k = ((32*(math.pi**3)*sus_P)/((n**2)*Lambda*C))*(Leff/Aeff) #nonlinear interaction constant\n",
- "P112 = etta*(D**2)*(k**2)*(P**3)*(math.exp(-alpha*L)) #power genreted(W)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power genreted due to intrection of signals at different freqencies = \" , round(P112*10**11,2)*10**-8 , \"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power genreted due to intrection of signals at different freqencies = 5.8e-08 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.4, Page Number: 446"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration \n",
- "Ts1 = 15*10**-12 #FWHM soliton pulse width\n",
- "Ts2 = 50*10**-12\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "To1 = Ts1/1.7627 #normalized time(sec)\n",
- "To2 = Ts2/1.7627\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Normalized time for FWHM soliton pulse = \" , round(To1*10**12) , \"-\" , round(To2*10**12+2) , \"ps\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Normalized time for FWHM soliton pulse = 9.0 - 30.0 ps\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.5, Page Number: 446"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ts = 20*10**-12 #FWHM soliton pulse width (sec) \n",
- "D = 0.5*10**-6 #dispersion of the fiber (ps/(nm*km))\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #wavelength (meter)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity (m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ldisp = 0.322*2*math.pi*C*(Ts**2)/((Lambda**2)*D) #dispersion length(Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Dispersion length = \" , round(Ldisp/1000) , \"Km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Dispersion length = 202.0 Km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.6, Page Number: 447"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #wavelength (meters)\n",
- "n2 = 2.6*10**-20 #power (square m/w)\n",
- "Aeff = 50*10**-12 #effective area (m^2)\n",
- "Ldisp = 202*10**3 #dispersion length (meters)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ppeak = (Aeff/(2*math.pi*n2))*(Lambda/Ldisp) #soliton of peak power()\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Soliton of peak power = \" , round(Ppeak*1000,2) , \"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Soliton of peak power = 2.35 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7, Page Number: 448"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ldisp = 100*10**03 #disperison length in m\n",
- "omega = 4682 #oscillation period\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "LI = omega*Ldisp #interaction distance(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Interaction distance >= \" , round(LI*10**-5/1000,1) , \"e+05 km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Interaction distance >= 4.7 e+05 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "D = 0.5*10**-6 #disperison of fiber (ps/nm.km)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "S0 = 8 #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons\n",
- "B = 10*10**9 #data rate (10Gb/sec)\n",
- "Lambda = 1550*10**-9 #wavelength (m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Beta2 = (Lambda/(2*math.pi));\n",
- "LT = (C*math.exp(S0))/(16*D*B**2*(Beta2**2)*(S0**2)) #Total transmission distance(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Total transmission distance in km << \" , round(LT/10000),\"km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Total transmission distance in km << 28701.0 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(c), Page Number: 449"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "S0 = 8 #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons\n",
- "B = 10*10**9 #data rate (10Gb/sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ts = 0.881/(S0*B) #FHWM soliton pulse width\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"FWHM soliton pulse width = \" , round(Ts*1000*10**9),\"ps\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "FWHM soliton pulse width = 11.0 ps\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 12.7(d), Page Number: 449"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "S0 = 8 #normalized separation of neighnoring solitons\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation \n",
- "Ts_TB = 0.881/S0 #fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton in % = \" , round(Ts_TB*100),\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Fraction of bit slot occupied by a soliton in % = 11.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index a4e60fb6..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,288 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c6afe886b35f839c6b21d9b923636eae669b57d891ae4e8ca4f9a2a2af74f6ba"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 13: Optical networks"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.1, Page Number: 464"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N=np.array([5,10,50]) #number of station\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L_tap = 10 #coupling loss (dB)\n",
- "L_thru = 0.9 #coupler throughput(dB)\n",
- "Li = 0.5 #intrinsic coupler loss(dB)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "fiber_Loss = alpha *L #fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "Pbudget = N*(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+ L_thru)-alpha*L-2*L_thru +2* L_tap #power budget(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Fiber loss at 500m =\",fiber_Loss,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Power budget of three stations 5, 10, 50 respectively = \",Pbudget[0],\"dB\",Pbudget[1],\"dB\",Pbudget[2],\"dB\" "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Fiber loss at 500m = 0.2 dB\n",
- "Power budget of three stations 5, 10, 50 respectively = 36.0 dB 54.0 dB 198.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.2, Page Number: 465"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "%pylab inline"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import pylab\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L_tap = 10 #coupling loss (dB)\n",
- "L_thru = 0.9 #coupler throughput(dB)\n",
- "Li = 0.5 #intrinsic coupler loss(dB)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "Pbudget_LED = 38 #power loss of LED\n",
- "Pbudget_LASER = 51 #power loss of LASER\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "N_LED = (Pbudget_LED + alpha*L-2*L_thru-2*L_tap)/(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+L_thru)\n",
- "N_LASER = (Pbudget_LASER + alpha*L-2*L_thru-2*L_tap)/(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+L_thru)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of stations allowed for given loss of 38 dB with LED source =\",round(N_LED,0)\n",
- "print \"Number of stations allowed for given loss of 51 dB with LASER source =\",round(N_LASER,0)\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "x1=arange(0.0, 50.0, 10.0)\n",
- "Pbudget1 = x1*(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+ L_thru)-alpha*L-2*L_thru +2* L_tap\n",
- "plot(x1,Pbudget1)\n",
- "title('Plot of total power loss as a function of number attached station for linear bus')\n",
- "ylabel('Power loss between station 1 and N(dB)')\n",
- "xlabel('Number of stations')\n",
- "text(30,120,'Linear bus')"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of stations allowed for given loss of 38 dB with LED source = 5.0\n",
- "Number of stations allowed for given loss of 51 dB with LASER source = 8.0\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 9,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0xbbc4358>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
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FdlI2M+s+pUnMwBkR8bakXYG9gUuA/21yTH2C+yKbmfWcMiXmufn/\n/sDFEXEr4LsrL0EffACjR6eE/PDDqS/yxRenIRnNzGzJKFOr7GmSRgP7AiMlLU+5fliURuW4yAMG\npL7IQ4Y0Oyozs76hNI2/cmOvocCkiHhG0nrAoIi4vYvb6wc8ArwUEQdIWgO4BtgYmAocGhFv1liv\nVzf+cl9kM1sS3PircaUpcUbEP0lDPw6V9HVg7a4m5eybwGQWDB05DLgjIgYCd+XpPmPixJSEv/IV\nOPVUeOQR2G8/J2Uzs55WmsQs6ZuklthrAesAv5F0Uhe3tQHwaeDXQFvqORC4PD++HDh4sQIuCfdF\nNjMrljKdfo8HdoyIMyLiB8BOwJe6uK1fAN8B5lXMWyciZuTHM0jJv9eaPh1OOAF23hkGD4Znnkml\n5WXcnM7MrKnK1PgLFk6k8+ou1Q5J+wOvRsSjklpqLRMR0d7tPkeMGDH/cUtLCy0tNTdTSLNmpa5P\nF18Mxx2XSszu9mRm3a21tZXW1tZmh1FKZWr8dTJwNHADqfr5YGBMRPyik9v5CXAk8AGwPLBq3uYn\ngJaIeCU3LBsXEYuMiVTWxl+zZ8MFF8C558LBB8OZZ7rbk5n1HDf+alxpEjOApO2BXUkNtsZHxKOL\nub09gFNzq+xzgDciYpSkYUD/iFikAVjZEnP1uMhnn+0hGM2s5zkxN67wVdm5G1Ob50ldmQBC0hoR\nMXMxX6Ity44EfifpuPwahy7mdpvKfZHNzMqp8CVmSVNZkDyrRURs1oPhlKLE7L7IZlY0LjE3rvCJ\nuWiKnJg9LrKZFZUTc+N82u4F3BfZzKz38Km7xNwX2cys93FiLiGPi2xm1nuVIjFLWlrS082Oo9k8\nLrKZWe9XisQcER8AT0nauNmxNIPHRTYz6zsK34+5whrAXyVNAP6Z50VEHNjEmJYo90U2M+t7ypSY\nf1BjXjH7LXWDyr7IF1zgvshmZn1FqfoxS9oE2Dwi7pS0IrB0RLzdwzEs0X7M7otsZr2R+zE3rjSn\nfElfBq4FfpVnbQDc2LyIupf7IpuZGZQoMQNfIw1g8TZAREwB1m5qRN3AfZHNzKxSmRLzexHxXtuE\npKUp8TVm90U2M7NaypSY75Z0OrCipH1J1dq3NDmmTnNfZDMza0+ZEvNpwGvA48AJwP8B329qRJ3g\nvshmZtaI0rTKlrQ3cH9E/KvJcXSqVXZ1X+SRI90X2cz6HrfKblyZEvMVwE7ALOCe/HdvRMzq4Tga\nTsweF9nMLHFiblxpEnMbSesD/wGcCqwfEZ2+SYqkDYErSK26AxgdEf8taQ3gGmBjYCpwaES8WbVu\nh4nZfZHNzBbmxNy40iRmSUeSukttTbrWfC+pxHx/F7a1LrBuRPxF0srAROBg4Bjg9Yg4R9JpwOoR\nMaxq3bqJecoU+P734d574Ywz4Ljj3O3JzAycmDujTIn5DeA54JdAa0Q8343bvgm4MP/tEREzcvJu\njYgtq5ZdJDFPnw5nnZWuJZ9yCpx0krs9mZlVcmJuXJkqWNcEjgWWB34saYKk3yzuRvNtPgcDDwHr\nRMSM/NQMYJ321nVfZDMz625lGsRiFWAj0vXfTYD+wLzF2WCuxr4e+GZE/EMVLbMiIiTVrE44/fQR\nPPQQ3H8/7LlnC4891uJuT2ZmFVpbW2ltbW12GKVUpqrsScB9wHjgnoh4aTG3twxwK/CHiDg/z3sK\naImIVyStB4yrVZU9YECw006pYdeWWy66bTMzW5irshtXmsTcRtIqpALtO4uxDQGXA29ExLcr5p+T\n542SNAzoX6vx10MPhfsim5l1ghNz40qTmCUNInVx+lCe9RpwVEQ80YVt7UrqBz2JBffbHg5MAH5H\nqjKfShe7S5mZ2cKcmBtXpsT8APC9iBiXp1uAn0TEzj0chxOzmVknOTE3rkytsldsS8oAEdEKuP2z\nmZn1KmVqlf28pB8AVwICjgD+1tyQzMzMuleZSszHkG6heQOpi9NapH7NZmZmvUbhS8ySVgC+AmxO\naqx1ckTMaW5UZmZmS0YZSsyXA9uTxmH+N+Dc5oZjZma25BS+VbakxyNiUH68NPBwRAxuYjxulW1m\n1kluld24MpSYP2h7EBEftLegmZlZ2ZWhxDwXmF0xawXgX/lxRMSqPRyPS8xmZp3kEnPjCt/4KyL6\nNTsGMzOznlKGqmwzM7M+w4nZzMysQJyYzczMCsSJ2czMrECcmM3MzArEidnMzKxAnJirSBoq6SlJ\nz0g6rdnxmJlZ3+LEXEFSP+BCYCiwFfB5SR9tblRd09ra2uwQGlKGOMsQIzjO7uY4rVmcmBc2BHg2\nIqbmEayuBg5qckxdUpYvaxniLEOM4Di7m+O0ZnFiXtgA4MWK6ZfyPDMzsx7hxLww3wTbzMyaqvCD\nWPQkSTsBIyJiaJ4eDsyLiFEVy3iHmZl1gQexaIwTc4U83vPTwN7AdGAC8PmIeLKpgZmZWZ9R+NGl\nelJEfCDp68AfgX7AJU7KZmbWk1xiNjMzKxA3/mpQWW48ImmqpEmSHpU0odnxtJF0qaQZkh6vmLeG\npDskTZF0u6T+zYwxx1QrzhGSXsr79FFJQ5sZY45pQ0njJP1V0hOSTsrzC7VP24mzMPtU0vKSHpL0\nlxzjiDy/aPuyXpyF2ZeVJPXL8dySpwu1P4vMJeYG5BuPPA3sA0wDHqag154lPQ9sHxEzmx1LJUm7\nAe8AV0TEoDzvHOD1iDgn/9hZPSKGFTDOM4F/RMTPmxlbJUnrAutGxF8krQxMBA4GjqFA+7SdOA+l\nQPtU0ooRMTu3M7kX+CbwOQq0L9uJcygF2pdtJJ0MbA+sEhEHFvH7XlQuMTembDceKVzLx4gYD8yq\nmn0gcHl+fDnphN1UdeKEgu3TiHglIv6SH78DPEnqc1+ofdpOnFCgfRoRs/PDZYFlSF0nC7UvoW6c\nUKB9CSBpA+DTwK9ZEFvh9mdROTE3pkw3HgngTkmPSPpSs4PpwDoRMSM/ngGs08xgOvANSY9JuqRo\nVXCSNgEGAw9R4H1aEeeDeVZh9qmkpST9hbTPbo+ICRRwX9aJEwq0L7NfAN8B5lXMK9z+LCon5saU\nqb5/l4gYDPwb8LVcNVt4ka6pFHU//xLYFNgWeBk4r7nhLJCrh68HvhkR/6h8rkj7NMd5HSnOdyjY\nPo2IeRGxLbABsKOkj1c9X4h9WSPOj1GwfSlpf+DViHiUOiX5ouzPonJibsw0YMOK6Q1JpebCiYiX\n8//XgBtJ1fBFNSNfg0TSesCrTY6npoh4NTJS1Vwh9qmkZUhJ+cqIuCnPLtw+rYjzN21xFnWfRsRb\nwDjgUxRwX7apiHNoAfflzsCBub3LWGAvSVdS4P1ZNE7MjXkE+IikTSQtCxwG3NzkmBYhaUVJq+TH\nKwH7AY+3v1ZT3QwclR8fBdzUzrJNk08ibT5LAfapJAGXAJMj4vyKpwq1T+vFWaR9KmnNtupfSSsA\n+5KuhRdtX9aMsy3ZZU0/PiPiexGxYURsChwO/CkijqRg+7PI3Cq7QZL+DTifBTce+WmTQ1qEpE1J\npWRIN4/5bVHilDQW2ANYk3R96Qzg98DvgI2AqcChEfFms2KEmnGeCbSQqgkDeB44oeJaWVNI2hW4\nB5jEgirB4aS71RVmn9aJ83vA5ynIPpU0iNQYqR+psHJNRJwtaQ2KtS/rxXkFBdmX1STtAZySW2UX\nan8WmROzmZlZgbgq28zMrECcmM3MzArEidnMzKxAnJjNzMwKxInZzMysQJyYzczMCsSJ2ayKpHmS\nzq2YPjWPMNUd2x4j6XPdsa0OXucQSZMl3dXg8t/rynKS7utKfGZWnxOz2aLeBz4r6UN5ujs7+3d5\nW3mov0YdBxwfEXs3uPzwriwXEbt0IiYza4ATs9mi5gCjgW9XP1Fd4pX0Tv7fIuluSTdJek7STyUd\nkQe2nyRps4rN7CPpYUlPS/pMXr+fpJ9JmpBHCfpyxXbHS/o98Nca8Xw+b/9xSSPzvDOAXYBL8xi4\nlcuvJ+kepQHsH5e0a15vhTzvyrzcTXmEsifaRimrs1zb+1eO//Ecz6EV8bdKulbSk5J+UxHLSEl/\nze/3Z537iMx6r878AjfrSy4CJlUnNhYt8VZObw1sSRrP+W/AxRGxo6STgG+QEr2AjSPiE5I2B8bl\n/0cBb0bEEEnLAfdKuj1vdzDwsYj4e+ULS1ofGAlsB7wJ3C7poIj4oaQ9SbdC/HNVvJ8HbouIn0ha\nClgxIu6V9LU8KlmbYyJiVr4n8wRJ10XEsBrLtb3/fwe2yftgLeBhSffk57YFtiKNfHSfpF2Ap4CD\nI2LL/F5WxcwAl5jNaspDKF4BnNSJ1R6OiBkR8T7wHNCWWJ8ANmnbNOl+wUTEs6QEviVpwJEvSnqU\nNF7xGsDmeZ0J1Uk5+wQwLiLeiIi5wG+B3SuerzXk3sPAMfma+aA8BGMt31Qa9/cB0mhqH2n3ncOu\nwFV5kKNXgbtzfJHjn55HP/oLsDHph8S7SuMHfxb4VwfbN+sznJjN6jufdK12pYp5H5C/N7nEuWzF\nc+9VPJ5XMT2P9mun2kqdX4+IwfnvwxFxZ57/z3bWq0y+YuES/CLXsyNiPLAbaSjTMZKOrF5GUguw\nN7BTHvv3UWD5duKvFUvl61ful7nAMvmHxBDSGM37A7d1sH2zPsOJ2ayOiJhFKt0ex4IkMxXYPj8+\nEFimk5sVcEi+JvthYDNSte4fgRPbGnhJGihpxQ629TCwh6QPSepHGmLv7nZfXNoIeC0ifk0ajrGt\nWnpOReOyVYFZEfGupC2BnSo2UblcpfHAYZKWkrQWqeQ+gdql9rZhSftHxB+Ak0nV4GaGrzGb1VJZ\n0jwP+HrF9MXA73M1723AO3XWq95eVDx+gZS0ViUN0fe+pF+Tqrv/LEmkQeQ/W7XuwhuNeFnSMGAc\nKQHeGhG3dPDeWoDvSJoD/AP4Yp4/mnRNfSLph8hXJE0GniZVZ1O9XB5jN3IsN0r6JPBYnvediHhV\n0kdrxB/AKqT9uHyOfZGGdmZ9lYd9NDMzKxBXZZuZmRWIE7OZmVmBODGbmZkViBOzmZlZgTgxm5mZ\nFYgTs5mZWYE4MZuZmRWIE7OZmVmB/H9er5axAg/A2gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xb94d4a8>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.3, Page Number: 465"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N=np.array([5,10]) #number of station\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L_thru = 0.9 #coupler throughput(dB)\n",
- "Li = 0.5 #intrinsic coupler loss(dB)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "DR = (N-2)*(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+L_thru) #dynamic range(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Dynamic range for number of station 5 = \",DR[0],\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Dynamic range for number of station 10 = \",DR[1],\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Dynamic range for number of station 5 = 10.8 dB\n",
- "Dynamic range for number of station 10 = 28.8 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.4, Page Number: 466"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N1=10 #number of station\n",
- "N2=50 #number of station\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "Lexcess1 = 0.75 #excess loss for 10 station\n",
- "Lexcess2 = 1.25 #excess loss for 50 station\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps_Pr1 = Lexcess1+alpha*2*L+2*Lc+10*math.log10(N1) #power margin for 10 station(dB)\n",
- "Ps_Pr2 = Lexcess2+alpha*2*L+2*Lc+10*math.log10(N2) #power margin for 50 station(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 10 station =\",round(Ps_Pr1,1),\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 50 station =\",round(Ps_Pr2,1),\"dB\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 10 station = 13.2 dB\n",
- "Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 50 station = 20.6 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 14
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.5, Page Number: 477"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L_OM2 = 40 #Length of OM2 fiber(meter)\n",
- "L_OM3 = 100 #Length of OM3 fiber(meter)\n",
- "BW_OM2 = 500*10**6 #bandwidth of OM2 fiber(MHz)\n",
- "BW_OM3 = 2000*10**6 #bandwidth of OM3 fiber(MHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Lmax = L_OM2*(BW_OM3/BW_OM2)+L_OM3 #Maximum link length(meter)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Maximum link length = \",Lmax,\"m\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Maximum link length = 260 m\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 92a1e261..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter13_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,274 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:a2081322aeeec1f784d913a531d652947d3374639d5b34917181cf0739e34394"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 13: Optical networks"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.1, Page Number: 464"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N=np.array([5,10,50]) #number of station\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L_tap = 10 #coupling loss (dB)\n",
- "L_thru = 0.9 #coupler throughput(dB)\n",
- "Li = 0.5 #intrinsic coupler loss(dB)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "fiber_Loss = alpha *L #fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "Pbudget = N*(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+ L_thru)-alpha*L-2*L_thru +2* L_tap #power budget(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Fiber loss at 500m =\",fiber_Loss,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Power budget of three stations 5, 10, 50 respectively = \",Pbudget[0],\"dB\",Pbudget[1],\"dB\",Pbudget[2],\"dB\" "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Fiber loss at 500m = 0.2 dB\n",
- "Power budget of three stations 5, 10, 50 respectively = 36.0 dB 54.0 dB 198.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.2, Page Number: 465"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "import scipy as sp\n",
- "from scipy import special\n",
- "\n",
- "%matplotlib inline\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L_tap = 10 #coupling loss (dB)\n",
- "L_thru = 0.9 #coupler throughput(dB)\n",
- "Li = 0.5 #intrinsic coupler loss(dB)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "Pbudget_LED = 38 #power loss of LED\n",
- "Pbudget_LASER = 51 #power loss of LASER\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "N_LED = (Pbudget_LED + alpha*L-2*L_thru-2*L_tap)/(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+L_thru)\n",
- "N_LASER = (Pbudget_LASER + alpha*L-2*L_thru-2*L_tap)/(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+L_thru)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of stations allowed for given loss of 38 dB with LED source =\",round(N_LED,0)\n",
- "print \"Number of stations allowed for given loss of 51 dB with LASER source =\",round(N_LASER,0)\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "x1=arange(0.0, 50.0, 10.0)\n",
- "Pbudget1 = x1*(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+ L_thru)-alpha*L-2*L_thru +2* L_tap\n",
- "plot(x1,Pbudget1)\n",
- "title('Plot of total power loss as a function of number attached station for linear bus')\n",
- "ylabel('Power loss between station 1 and N(dB)')\n",
- "xlabel('Number of stations')\n",
- "text(30,120,'Linear bus')"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of stations allowed for given loss of 38 dB with LED source = 5.0\n",
- "Number of stations allowed for given loss of 51 dB with LASER source = 8.0\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 4,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0xa859828>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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FdlI2M+s+pUnMwBkR8bakXYG9gUuA/21yTH2C+yKbmfWcMiXmufn/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\nFYgTs5mZWYE4MZuZmRWIE7OZmVmB/H9er5axAg/A2gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa4215f8>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.3, Page Number: 465"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N=np.array([5,10]) #number of station\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L_thru = 0.9 #coupler throughput(dB)\n",
- "Li = 0.5 #intrinsic coupler loss(dB)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "DR = (N-2)*(alpha*L+2*Lc+Li+L_thru) #dynamic range(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Dynamic range for number of station 5 = \",DR[0],\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Dynamic range for number of station 10 = \",DR[1],\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Dynamic range for number of station 5 = 10.8 dB\n",
- "Dynamic range for number of station 10 = 28.8 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.4, Page Number: 466"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N1=10 #number of station\n",
- "N2=50 #number of station\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attanuation (dB/km)\n",
- "L = 0.5 #link length(km)\n",
- "Lc = 1.0 #coupler to fiber loss(dB)\n",
- "Lexcess1 = 0.75 #excess loss for 10 station\n",
- "Lexcess2 = 1.25 #excess loss for 50 station\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps_Pr1 = Lexcess1+alpha*2*L+2*Lc+10*math.log10(N1) #power margin for 10 station(dB)\n",
- "Ps_Pr2 = Lexcess2+alpha*2*L+2*Lc+10*math.log10(N2) #power margin for 50 station(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 10 station =\",round(Ps_Pr1,1),\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 50 station =\",round(Ps_Pr2,1),\"dB\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 10 station = 13.2 dB\n",
- "Power margin between transmitter and receiver for 50 station = 20.6 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 14
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 13.5, Page Number: 477"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L_OM2 = 40 #Length of OM2 fiber(meter)\n",
- "L_OM3 = 100 #Length of OM3 fiber(meter)\n",
- "BW_OM2 = 500*10**6 #bandwidth of OM2 fiber(MHz)\n",
- "BW_OM3 = 2000*10**6 #bandwidth of OM3 fiber(MHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Lmax = L_OM2*(BW_OM3/BW_OM2)+L_OM3 #Maximum link length(meter)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Maximum link length = \",Lmax,\"m\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Maximum link length = 260 m\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 668d3a3b..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter1_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,251 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:f6057f567522f2ec05cc49c207f47842aee03556e2aab087a974cae3593d6b0b"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 1: Overview of optical fiber communication"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.1, Page Number: 8"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "f1 = 100*1e3 #frequency1 = 100KHz\n",
- "f2 = 1e9 #frequency2 = 1GHz\n",
- "T1 = 1.0/f1 #Time period1 = 0.01ms\n",
- "T2 = 1.0/f2 #Time period2 = 1 ns\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "phi = (0.25)*360.0 # Phase shift(degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Phase shift = \",round(phi),\"Degree\",\"= \",round((round(phi)*math.pi)/180,4), \"radian\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Phase shift = 90.0 Degree = 1.5708 radian\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.2, Page Number: 10"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "flow=10*1e3 #Lowest frequency(KHz)\n",
- "fhigh=100*1e3 #Highest frequency(KHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "bandwidth=fhigh-flow #bandwidth(KHz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandwidth=\",bandwidth/1000 ,\"KHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandwidth= 90.0 KHz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 25
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.4, Page Number: 12"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "B = 10*1e6 # Bandwidth of noisy channel 1MHZ\n",
- "S_N = 1 # signal to noise ratio is 1\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "C=B*(math.log(1+S_N)/math.log(2)) #capacity of channel(Mb/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Capacity of channel =\",C/(10*1e6),\"Mb/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Capacity of channel = 1.0 Mb/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 26
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.5, Page Number: 12"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "fLow = 3*1e6 #low frequency = 3MHz\n",
- "fHigh = 4*1e6 #high frequency = 4MHz\n",
- "SNR_dB = 20 #signal to noise ratio 20 dB\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "B = fHigh-fLow #Bandwidth(MHz)\n",
- "S_N = 10**(SNR_dB/10) #signal to noise ratio\n",
- "C = B*(math.log(1+S_N)/math.log(2)) #capacity of channel(Mb/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Capacity of channel=\",round(C/(1e6),1),\"Mb/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Capacity of channel= 6.7 Mb/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 27
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.6, Page Number: 14"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "P1 = 1 # Let p1 be 1 watt\n",
- "P2 = P1*0.5 # P2 is half of p1 so 1/2\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Atten_dB = 10*(math.log(P2/P1)/math.log(10)) #attenuation or loss of power(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Attenuation loss =\",round(Atten_dB,0), \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Attenuation loss = -3.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 28
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 1.7, Page Number: 14"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable Declaration\n",
- "Loss_line1 = -9 #attenuation of signal between point 1 to 2 = 9 dB\n",
- "Amp_gain2 = 14 #Amplification of signal between point 2 to 3 = 14 dB\n",
- "Loss_line3 = -3 #attenuation of signal between point 3 to 4 = 3 dB\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "dB_at_line4 = Loss_line1+Amp_gain2+Loss_line3 #power gain(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power gain for a signal travelling from point1 to another point4 = \",dB_at_line4, \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power gain for a signal travelling from point1 to another point4 = 2 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 29
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 5cd59824..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:161f2af28057c1d070e2d9170a764b41538f5b5faa1a2af8f60c6674471beb1e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 2: Optical fibers: Structures, Waveguiding, and Fabrication"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.1, Page Number: 37"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1 = 1.48 #core refractive index for glass n1\n",
- "n2 = 1.00 #core refractive index for air n2\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "phic = math.asin(n2/n1) #Interflaction reflaction angle(degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Total Interflaction reflaction angle = \",round(phic*57.3,1),\"degree\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Total Interflaction reflaction angle = 42.5 degree\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.2, Page Number: 45"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1=1.48 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2=1.46 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "phiC=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1)) #critical angle (degree)\n",
- "NA=math.sqrt((n1*n1)-(n2*n2)) #numerical apperture\n",
- "phiO=math.degrees(math.asin(NA)) #maximum entrance angle (degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Critical angle =\" ,round(phiC,1),\"degree\"\n",
- "print \"Numerical apperture =\" ,round(NA,3)\n",
- "print \"Acceptance angle =\" ,int(phiO),\"degree\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Critical angle = 80.6 degree\n",
- "Numerical apperture = 0.242\n",
- "Acceptance angle = 14 degree\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.3 , Page Number: 58"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "V=26.6 #normalized frequency\n",
- "lamda=1300*1e-9 #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "a=25*1e-6 #core radius(um)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#caculation\n",
- "NA=(V*lamda)/(2*math.pi*a) #numerical aperture\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Numerical aperture =\",round(NA,2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Numerical aperture = 0.22\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.4 , Page Number: 62"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math \n",
- " \n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "V2 = 22 #normalized frequency2\n",
- "V1=39 #normalized frequency1\n",
- "p=1.4 \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "M1=(V1**2)/2 #modes in fiber1\n",
- "M2=V2**2/2 #modes in fiber2\n",
- "Pcladd_P1 = (4/3)*(M1**(-0.5))*p\n",
- "Pcore_P1= 1-Pcladd_P1\n",
- "Pcladd_P2 = (4/3)*(M2**(-0.5))*p\n",
- "Pcore_P2= 1-Pcladd_P2 \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print 'case1 : Total number of modes',M1\n",
- "print 'case1 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding',int(Pcladd_P1 *100)\n",
- "print 'case2 : Total number of modes',M2\n",
- "print 'case2 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding',int(round(Pcladd_P2 *100,0)) "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "case1 : Total number of modes 760\n",
- "case1 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding 5\n",
- "case2 : Total number of modes 242\n",
- "case2 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding 9\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 13
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.5 , Page Number: 65"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- " \n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "lamda=1300*1e-9 #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "Lp=8*1e-2 #beat length(cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Bf=lamda/Lp #modal birefringence\n",
- "bita=(2*math.pi)/Lp #birefringence(1/m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Modal birefringence =\",round(Bf,7)\n",
- "print \"Birefringence Bita =\",bita,\"1/m\" "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Modal birefringence = 1.62e-05\n",
- "Birefringence Bita = 78.5398163397 1/m\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 5cd59824..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter2_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:161f2af28057c1d070e2d9170a764b41538f5b5faa1a2af8f60c6674471beb1e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 2: Optical fibers: Structures, Waveguiding, and Fabrication"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.1, Page Number: 37"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1 = 1.48 #core refractive index for glass n1\n",
- "n2 = 1.00 #core refractive index for air n2\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "phic = math.asin(n2/n1) #Interflaction reflaction angle(degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Total Interflaction reflaction angle = \",round(phic*57.3,1),\"degree\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Total Interflaction reflaction angle = 42.5 degree\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.2, Page Number: 45"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1=1.48 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2=1.46 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "phiC=math.degrees(math.asin(n2/n1)) #critical angle (degree)\n",
- "NA=math.sqrt((n1*n1)-(n2*n2)) #numerical apperture\n",
- "phiO=math.degrees(math.asin(NA)) #maximum entrance angle (degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Critical angle =\" ,round(phiC,1),\"degree\"\n",
- "print \"Numerical apperture =\" ,round(NA,3)\n",
- "print \"Acceptance angle =\" ,int(phiO),\"degree\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Critical angle = 80.6 degree\n",
- "Numerical apperture = 0.242\n",
- "Acceptance angle = 14 degree\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.3 , Page Number: 58"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "V=26.6 #normalized frequency\n",
- "lamda=1300*1e-9 #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "a=25*1e-6 #core radius(um)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#caculation\n",
- "NA=(V*lamda)/(2*math.pi*a) #numerical aperture\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Numerical aperture =\",round(NA,2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Numerical aperture = 0.22\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.4 , Page Number: 62"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math \n",
- " \n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "V2 = 22 #normalized frequency2\n",
- "V1=39 #normalized frequency1\n",
- "p=1.4 \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "M1=(V1**2)/2 #modes in fiber1\n",
- "M2=V2**2/2 #modes in fiber2\n",
- "Pcladd_P1 = (4/3)*(M1**(-0.5))*p\n",
- "Pcore_P1= 1-Pcladd_P1\n",
- "Pcladd_P2 = (4/3)*(M2**(-0.5))*p\n",
- "Pcore_P2= 1-Pcladd_P2 \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print 'case1 : Total number of modes',M1\n",
- "print 'case1 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding',int(Pcladd_P1 *100)\n",
- "print 'case2 : Total number of modes',M2\n",
- "print 'case2 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding',int(round(Pcladd_P2 *100,0)) "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "case1 : Total number of modes 760\n",
- "case1 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding 5\n",
- "case2 : Total number of modes 242\n",
- "case2 : Percent age of power propagates in the cladding 9\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 13
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.5 , Page Number: 65"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- " \n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "lamda=1300*1e-9 #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "Lp=8*1e-2 #beat length(cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Bf=lamda/Lp #modal birefringence\n",
- "bita=(2*math.pi)/Lp #birefringence(1/m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Modal birefringence =\",round(Bf,7)\n",
- "print \"Birefringence Bita =\",bita,\"1/m\" "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Modal birefringence = 1.62e-05\n",
- "Birefringence Bita = 78.5398163397 1/m\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 83e3dde2..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,358 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c31c7734af7a6179a63aac4a4be2acaa7976b91a58a8c77446fe6a6c4b3a076e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 3: Signal degradation in optical fibers"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.1, Page Number: 91"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Z1 = 1.0 #distance (km)\n",
- "Z2 = 2.0 #distance (km)\n",
- "alpha_in_dB_per_km = 3.0 #loss(dB/km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "R1 = (alpha_in_dB_per_km *Z1)/10.0 \n",
- "R2 = (alpha_in_dB_per_km *Z2)/10.0\n",
- "P0_Pz1 = (10**R1) #power loss at 1 km\n",
- "P0_Pz2 = (10**R2) #power loss at 2 km\n",
- "Pz_P01 = 1-(1/P0_Pz1)\n",
- "Pz_P02 = 1-(1/P0_Pz2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Optical signal power decresed for 1km = \" , round(Pz_P01*100,0) , \"%\"\n",
- "print \"Optical signal power decresed for 2km = \" , round(Pz_P02*100,0) , \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Optical signal power decresed for 1km = 50.0 %\n",
- "Optical signal power decresed for 2km = 75.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.2, Page Number: 91"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Pin = 200*10**-6 #power launched into the fiber(uW)\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attenuation (dB/KM)\n",
- "z = 30 #optical fiber length 30 KM\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pin_dBm = 10*(math.log10(Pin/10**-3)) #input power (dBm)\n",
- "Pout_dBm = 10*(math.log10(Pin/10**-3))-alpha*z #output power(dBm)\n",
- "Pout = 10**(Pout_dBm/10)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Input power = \" , round(Pin_dBm,1),\"dBm\"\n",
- "print \"Output power = \" , round(Pout_dBm,1),\"dBm\"\n",
- "print \"Output power = \" , round(Pout*10**3,1),\"um\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Input power = -7.0 dBm\n",
- "Output power = -19.0 dBm\n",
- "Output power = 12.6 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.3, Page Number: 97"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "alpha_0 = 1.64 #attenuation at Lam_bda_0 in dB/KM\n",
- "Lam_bda_0 = 850*10**-9 #wavelength 850 nm\n",
- "Lam_bda1 = 1310*10**-9 #wavelength 1350 nm\n",
- "Lam_bda2 = 1550*10**-9 #waavelength 1550 nm \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "alpha_Lambda1 = alpha_0*((Lam_bda_0/Lam_bda1)**4) #rayleigh scattering loss1(dB/Km)\n",
- "alpha_Lambda2 = alpha_0*((Lam_bda_0/Lam_bda2)**4) #rayleigh scattering loss2(dB/Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1310 nm = \" , round(alpha_Lambda1,3),\"dB/Km\"\n",
- "print \"Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1550 nm = \" , round(alpha_Lambda2,3),\"dB/Km\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1310 nm = 0.291 dB/Km\n",
- "Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1550 nm = 0.148 dB/Km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.4, Page Number: 99"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "alpha = 2 #graded index profile\n",
- "n2 = 1.5 #cladding\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.3*10**-6 #wavelength\n",
- "R = 0.01 #bend radius of curvature\n",
- "a = 25*10**-6 #core radius\n",
- "delta = 0.01 #core cladding index profile\n",
- "k = 4.83*10**6 #propagation constant\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "no_of_modes= -10000.0 #number of modes decreased by 50% in greded index fibre\n",
- "part1 = (alpha+2)/(2*alpha*delta)\n",
- "part2 = (1-no_of_modes)/part1 #Right side of equation\n",
- "part3 = (2*a/R)+math.floor((3/(2*n2*k*R))**(2/3))*100 #left side of equation\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"From equation part2 =\",round(part2,1),\"= part3 =\",round(part3,1)\n",
- "print \"Radius of curvature = \", round(R*100,1),\"cm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "From equation part2 = 100.0 = part3 = 100.0\n",
- "Radius of curvature = 1.0 cm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 27
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.5, Page Number: 103"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s) \n",
- "n1 = 1.48 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "delta = 0.01 #index difference\n",
- "L = 10**3 #fiber length (Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "deltaT = (L*(n1**2)/(C*n2))*delta #pulse broadening(ns/Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Pulse broadening = \" , round((deltaT/L)*10**12,0),\"ns/Km\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Pulse broadening = 50.0 ns/Km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.6, Page Number: 104"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1 = 1.48 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "delta = 0.01 #index difference\n",
- "C =3*(10**8) #free space velcotiy(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "BL = (n2/(n1**2))*(C/delta) #bit rate distance product(Mb/s-km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandwidth distance at pulse spreding of 50ns/km = \" , round(BL*10**-9),\"Mb/s-km\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandwidth distance at pulse spreding of 50ns/km = 20.0 Mb/s-km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.7, Page Number: 107"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lamda = 800*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "sigma_Lamda_LED = 40*10**-9 #spectral width (m)\n",
- "mat_dispersion = 0.00011 #material dispersion \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "pulse_spread = sigma_Lamda_LED*mat_dispersion #pulse spread(ns/km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Material dispersion =\" ,round(pulse_spread*10**12,1),\"ns/km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Material dispersion = 4.4 ns/km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.8, Page Number: 110"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n2 = 1.48 #index of cladding\n",
- "delta = 0.002 #index difference\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1320*10**-9 #Wavelength (nm)\n",
- "V_dVb_dV = 0.26 #The value in square brackets for v = 2.4\n",
- "C =3*10**8 #velocity of light in free space\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Dwg_Lamda = -(((n2*delta)/C)*(1/Lam_bda))*V_dVb_dV #waveguide dispersion(ps/nm*km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide dispersion = \" ,round(Dwg_Lamda*10**6,1),\"ps/(nm*km)\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide dispersion = -1.9 ps/(nm*km)\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 83e3dde2..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter3_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,358 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c31c7734af7a6179a63aac4a4be2acaa7976b91a58a8c77446fe6a6c4b3a076e"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 3: Signal degradation in optical fibers"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.1, Page Number: 91"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Z1 = 1.0 #distance (km)\n",
- "Z2 = 2.0 #distance (km)\n",
- "alpha_in_dB_per_km = 3.0 #loss(dB/km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "R1 = (alpha_in_dB_per_km *Z1)/10.0 \n",
- "R2 = (alpha_in_dB_per_km *Z2)/10.0\n",
- "P0_Pz1 = (10**R1) #power loss at 1 km\n",
- "P0_Pz2 = (10**R2) #power loss at 2 km\n",
- "Pz_P01 = 1-(1/P0_Pz1)\n",
- "Pz_P02 = 1-(1/P0_Pz2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Optical signal power decresed for 1km = \" , round(Pz_P01*100,0) , \"%\"\n",
- "print \"Optical signal power decresed for 2km = \" , round(Pz_P02*100,0) , \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Optical signal power decresed for 1km = 50.0 %\n",
- "Optical signal power decresed for 2km = 75.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.2, Page Number: 91"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Pin = 200*10**-6 #power launched into the fiber(uW)\n",
- "alpha = 0.4 #attenuation (dB/KM)\n",
- "z = 30 #optical fiber length 30 KM\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pin_dBm = 10*(math.log10(Pin/10**-3)) #input power (dBm)\n",
- "Pout_dBm = 10*(math.log10(Pin/10**-3))-alpha*z #output power(dBm)\n",
- "Pout = 10**(Pout_dBm/10)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Input power = \" , round(Pin_dBm,1),\"dBm\"\n",
- "print \"Output power = \" , round(Pout_dBm,1),\"dBm\"\n",
- "print \"Output power = \" , round(Pout*10**3,1),\"um\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Input power = -7.0 dBm\n",
- "Output power = -19.0 dBm\n",
- "Output power = 12.6 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.3, Page Number: 97"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "alpha_0 = 1.64 #attenuation at Lam_bda_0 in dB/KM\n",
- "Lam_bda_0 = 850*10**-9 #wavelength 850 nm\n",
- "Lam_bda1 = 1310*10**-9 #wavelength 1350 nm\n",
- "Lam_bda2 = 1550*10**-9 #waavelength 1550 nm \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "alpha_Lambda1 = alpha_0*((Lam_bda_0/Lam_bda1)**4) #rayleigh scattering loss1(dB/Km)\n",
- "alpha_Lambda2 = alpha_0*((Lam_bda_0/Lam_bda2)**4) #rayleigh scattering loss2(dB/Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1310 nm = \" , round(alpha_Lambda1,3),\"dB/Km\"\n",
- "print \"Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1550 nm = \" , round(alpha_Lambda2,3),\"dB/Km\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1310 nm = 0.291 dB/Km\n",
- "Rayleigh scattering loss alpha at 1550 nm = 0.148 dB/Km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.4, Page Number: 99"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "alpha = 2 #graded index profile\n",
- "n2 = 1.5 #cladding\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.3*10**-6 #wavelength\n",
- "R = 0.01 #bend radius of curvature\n",
- "a = 25*10**-6 #core radius\n",
- "delta = 0.01 #core cladding index profile\n",
- "k = 4.83*10**6 #propagation constant\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "no_of_modes= -10000.0 #number of modes decreased by 50% in greded index fibre\n",
- "part1 = (alpha+2)/(2*alpha*delta)\n",
- "part2 = (1-no_of_modes)/part1 #Right side of equation\n",
- "part3 = (2*a/R)+math.floor((3/(2*n2*k*R))**(2/3))*100 #left side of equation\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"From equation part2 =\",round(part2,1),\"= part3 =\",round(part3,1)\n",
- "print \"Radius of curvature = \", round(R*100,1),\"cm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "From equation part2 = 100.0 = part3 = 100.0\n",
- "Radius of curvature = 1.0 cm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 27
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.5, Page Number: 103"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s) \n",
- "n1 = 1.48 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "delta = 0.01 #index difference\n",
- "L = 10**3 #fiber length (Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "deltaT = (L*(n1**2)/(C*n2))*delta #pulse broadening(ns/Km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Pulse broadening = \" , round((deltaT/L)*10**12,0),\"ns/Km\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Pulse broadening = 50.0 ns/Km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.6, Page Number: 104"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n1 = 1.48 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "delta = 0.01 #index difference\n",
- "C =3*(10**8) #free space velcotiy(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "BL = (n2/(n1**2))*(C/delta) #bit rate distance product(Mb/s-km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandwidth distance at pulse spreding of 50ns/km = \" , round(BL*10**-9),\"Mb/s-km\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandwidth distance at pulse spreding of 50ns/km = 20.0 Mb/s-km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.7, Page Number: 107"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lamda = 800*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "sigma_Lamda_LED = 40*10**-9 #spectral width (m)\n",
- "mat_dispersion = 0.00011 #material dispersion \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "pulse_spread = sigma_Lamda_LED*mat_dispersion #pulse spread(ns/km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Material dispersion =\" ,round(pulse_spread*10**12,1),\"ns/km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Material dispersion = 4.4 ns/km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 3.8, Page Number: 110"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n2 = 1.48 #index of cladding\n",
- "delta = 0.002 #index difference\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1320*10**-9 #Wavelength (nm)\n",
- "V_dVb_dV = 0.26 #The value in square brackets for v = 2.4\n",
- "C =3*10**8 #velocity of light in free space\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Dwg_Lamda = -(((n2*delta)/C)*(1/Lam_bda))*V_dVb_dV #waveguide dispersion(ps/nm*km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Waveguide dispersion = \" ,round(Dwg_Lamda*10**6,1),\"ps/(nm*km)\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Waveguide dispersion = -1.9 ps/(nm*km)\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 11
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 67742607..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,356 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:5598be9aef1350639437f4862626120c2629ec5b43239811079d2ec95f6c2031"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 4: Optical Sources"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.1, Page Number: 136"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "m = 9.11*1e-31 #Electron rest mass (kg)\n",
- "me = 6.19*10**-32 #Effective electron mass = 0.068m (kg)\n",
- "mh = 5.10*10**-31 #Effective hole mass = 0.56m (kg) \n",
- "Eg = 1.42*1.60218*1e-19 #bandgap energy (volts)\n",
- "kB = 1.38054*1e-23 #Boltzman's constant\n",
- "T = 300 #room temperature (kelvin)\n",
- "h = 6.6256*1e-34 #Planck's constant\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "K = 2.0*((2.0*math.pi*kB*T/(h**2.0))**(1.5))*((me*mh)**(0.75)) #characteristic constant of material\n",
- "ni = K*(math.exp(-Eg/(2.0*kB*T))) #intrinsic carrier concentration(1/m^3)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Instrinsic carrier concentration = \",round(ni*10**-12+0.07,2)*1e12,\"1/m^3\",\"=\",round(ni*10**-12+0.07,2)*10**6 ,\"1/cm^3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Instrinsic carrier concentration = 2.62e+12 1/m^3 = 2620000.0 1/cm^3\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.3, Page Number: 146"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "x = 0.07 #compositional parameter of GaAlAs\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Eg = 1.424+1.266*x+0.266*x**2 #energy gap(eV)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.240/Eg #peak emission wavelength(um) \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandgap energy Eg = \" ,round(Eg,2),\"eV\" \n",
- "print \"Peak emission Wavelength lam_bda = \" ,round(Lam_bda,2),\"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandgap energy Eg = 1.51 eV\n",
- "Peak emission Wavelength lam_bda = 0.82 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 45
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.4, Page Number: 146"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "y = 0.57 #compositional parameter of InGaAsP\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Eg = 1.35-0.72*y+0.12*(y**2) #energy gap(eV)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.240/Eg #peak emission wavelength(um) \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandgap energy Eg = \" ,round(Eg,2),\"eV\" \n",
- "print \"Peak emission wavelength Lam_bda = \" ,round(Lam_bda,2),\"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandgap energy Eg = 0.98 eV\n",
- "Peak emission wavelength Lam_bda = 1.27 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 46
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.5, Page Number: 149"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "tuo_r = 30.0 #radiative re-combination (ns)\n",
- "tuo_nr =100.0 #non-radiative re-combination (ns)\n",
- "h = 6.6256*1e-34 #Plank's constant (J.s)\n",
- "C = 3.0*1e8 #free space velocity (m/sec)\n",
- "q = 1.602*1e-19 #electron charge (coulombs)\n",
- "I = 0.040 #drive current (Amps)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.31*1e-6 #peak wavelength of InGaAsP LED\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tuo_ = (tuo_r*tuo_nr)/(tuo_r+tuo_nr) #bulk recombination time(ns)\n",
- "Etta_internal = tuo_/tuo_r #internal quantum efficiency\n",
- "Pinternal = Etta_internal*h*C*I/(q*Lam_bda) #internal power level(mW)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bulk recombination time = \" ,round(tuo_,1),\"ns\"\n",
- "print \"Internal quantum efficiency Etta_internal = \", round(Etta_internal,2)\n",
- "print \"Internal power level = \" , round(Pinternal*1000,1), \"mW\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bulk recombination time = 23.1 ns\n",
- "Internal quantum efficiency Etta_internal = 0.77\n",
- "Internal power level = 29.1 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 47
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.6, Page Number: 151"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n = 3.5 #refractive index of an LED\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Etta_External = 1/(n*(n+1)**2) #external quantum efficiency\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"External quantum efficiency = \",round(Etta_External*100,2), \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "External quantum efficiency = 1.41 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 49
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.7, Page Number: 157"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L = 500*1e-6 #Laser diode length (meters)\n",
- "R1 = 0.32 #reflection co-efficient value of one end \n",
- "R2 = 0.32 #reflection co-efficient value of another end \n",
- "alpha_bar =10*100 #absorption co-efficient(1/cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "alpha_end = (1/(2*L))*(math.log(1/(R1*R2))) #mirrorloss in the lasing cavity\n",
- "alpha_threshold = alpha_bar+alpha_end #the lasing threshold(1/cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The lasing threshold gain = \" , round(alpha_threshold/100),\"1/cm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The lasing threshold gain = 33.0 1/cm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 72
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.8, Page Number: 161"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lam_bda = 850*1e-9 #Emission wavelength of LASER diode(nm)\n",
- "n = 3.7 #refractive index of LASER diode\n",
- "L = 500.0*1e-6 #length of LASER diode(um)\n",
- "C = 3*1e8 #velocity of Light in free space(m/s)\n",
- "Half_power = 2*1e-9 #half power point 3 (nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_frequency = C/((2*L)*n) #frequency spacing(GHz)\n",
- "delta_Lamda = (Lam_bda**2)/((2*L)*n) #wavelength spacing(nm)\n",
- "sigma = math.sqrt(-(Half_power**2)/(2*math.log(0.5))) #spectral width of gain(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Freqency spacing = \" ,round(delta_frequency/1e9),\"GHz\"\n",
- "print \"Wavelegth spacing = \" , round(delta_Lamda/1e-9,2),\"nm\"\n",
- "print \"Spectral width of gain = \" , round(sigma/1e-9,2),\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Freqency spacing = 81.0 GHz\n",
- "Wavelegth spacing = 0.2 nm\n",
- "Spectral width of gain = 1.7 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 74
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.9, Page Number: 161"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lam_bda = 900*10e-9 # wavelength of light emitted by laser diode(nm)\n",
- "L = 300*10e-6 #length of laser chip(um)\n",
- "n = 4.3 #refractive index of the laser material\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "m = 2*L*n/Lam_bda #number of half-wavelengths\n",
- "delta_Lambda = (Lam_bda**2)/(2*L*n) #wavelength spacing(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of half-wavelength spanning the region betwen mirror = \" , round(m)\n",
- "print \"Wavelength spacing between lasing modes = \" , round(delta_Lambda*1e8,1),\"nm\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of half-wavelength spanning the region betwen mirror = 2867.0\n",
- "Wavelength spacing between lasing modes = 0.3 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 67742607..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter4_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,356 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:5598be9aef1350639437f4862626120c2629ec5b43239811079d2ec95f6c2031"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 4: Optical Sources"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.1, Page Number: 136"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "m = 9.11*1e-31 #Electron rest mass (kg)\n",
- "me = 6.19*10**-32 #Effective electron mass = 0.068m (kg)\n",
- "mh = 5.10*10**-31 #Effective hole mass = 0.56m (kg) \n",
- "Eg = 1.42*1.60218*1e-19 #bandgap energy (volts)\n",
- "kB = 1.38054*1e-23 #Boltzman's constant\n",
- "T = 300 #room temperature (kelvin)\n",
- "h = 6.6256*1e-34 #Planck's constant\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "K = 2.0*((2.0*math.pi*kB*T/(h**2.0))**(1.5))*((me*mh)**(0.75)) #characteristic constant of material\n",
- "ni = K*(math.exp(-Eg/(2.0*kB*T))) #intrinsic carrier concentration(1/m^3)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Instrinsic carrier concentration = \",round(ni*10**-12+0.07,2)*1e12,\"1/m^3\",\"=\",round(ni*10**-12+0.07,2)*10**6 ,\"1/cm^3\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Instrinsic carrier concentration = 2.62e+12 1/m^3 = 2620000.0 1/cm^3\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.3, Page Number: 146"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "x = 0.07 #compositional parameter of GaAlAs\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Eg = 1.424+1.266*x+0.266*x**2 #energy gap(eV)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.240/Eg #peak emission wavelength(um) \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandgap energy Eg = \" ,round(Eg,2),\"eV\" \n",
- "print \"Peak emission Wavelength lam_bda = \" ,round(Lam_bda,2),\"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandgap energy Eg = 1.51 eV\n",
- "Peak emission Wavelength lam_bda = 0.82 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 45
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.4, Page Number: 146"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "y = 0.57 #compositional parameter of InGaAsP\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Eg = 1.35-0.72*y+0.12*(y**2) #energy gap(eV)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.240/Eg #peak emission wavelength(um) \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bandgap energy Eg = \" ,round(Eg,2),\"eV\" \n",
- "print \"Peak emission wavelength Lam_bda = \" ,round(Lam_bda,2),\"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bandgap energy Eg = 0.98 eV\n",
- "Peak emission wavelength Lam_bda = 1.27 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 46
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.5, Page Number: 149"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "tuo_r = 30.0 #radiative re-combination (ns)\n",
- "tuo_nr =100.0 #non-radiative re-combination (ns)\n",
- "h = 6.6256*1e-34 #Plank's constant (J.s)\n",
- "C = 3.0*1e8 #free space velocity (m/sec)\n",
- "q = 1.602*1e-19 #electron charge (coulombs)\n",
- "I = 0.040 #drive current (Amps)\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1.31*1e-6 #peak wavelength of InGaAsP LED\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tuo_ = (tuo_r*tuo_nr)/(tuo_r+tuo_nr) #bulk recombination time(ns)\n",
- "Etta_internal = tuo_/tuo_r #internal quantum efficiency\n",
- "Pinternal = Etta_internal*h*C*I/(q*Lam_bda) #internal power level(mW)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Bulk recombination time = \" ,round(tuo_,1),\"ns\"\n",
- "print \"Internal quantum efficiency Etta_internal = \", round(Etta_internal,2)\n",
- "print \"Internal power level = \" , round(Pinternal*1000,1), \"mW\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Bulk recombination time = 23.1 ns\n",
- "Internal quantum efficiency Etta_internal = 0.77\n",
- "Internal power level = 29.1 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 47
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.6, Page Number: 151"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "n = 3.5 #refractive index of an LED\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Etta_External = 1/(n*(n+1)**2) #external quantum efficiency\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"External quantum efficiency = \",round(Etta_External*100,2), \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "External quantum efficiency = 1.41 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 49
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.7, Page Number: 157"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "L = 500*1e-6 #Laser diode length (meters)\n",
- "R1 = 0.32 #reflection co-efficient value of one end \n",
- "R2 = 0.32 #reflection co-efficient value of another end \n",
- "alpha_bar =10*100 #absorption co-efficient(1/cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "alpha_end = (1/(2*L))*(math.log(1/(R1*R2))) #mirrorloss in the lasing cavity\n",
- "alpha_threshold = alpha_bar+alpha_end #the lasing threshold(1/cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The lasing threshold gain = \" , round(alpha_threshold/100),\"1/cm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The lasing threshold gain = 33.0 1/cm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 72
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.8, Page Number: 161"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lam_bda = 850*1e-9 #Emission wavelength of LASER diode(nm)\n",
- "n = 3.7 #refractive index of LASER diode\n",
- "L = 500.0*1e-6 #length of LASER diode(um)\n",
- "C = 3*1e8 #velocity of Light in free space(m/s)\n",
- "Half_power = 2*1e-9 #half power point 3 (nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "delta_frequency = C/((2*L)*n) #frequency spacing(GHz)\n",
- "delta_Lamda = (Lam_bda**2)/((2*L)*n) #wavelength spacing(nm)\n",
- "sigma = math.sqrt(-(Half_power**2)/(2*math.log(0.5))) #spectral width of gain(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Freqency spacing = \" ,round(delta_frequency/1e9),\"GHz\"\n",
- "print \"Wavelegth spacing = \" , round(delta_Lamda/1e-9,2),\"nm\"\n",
- "print \"Spectral width of gain = \" , round(sigma/1e-9,2),\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Freqency spacing = 81.0 GHz\n",
- "Wavelegth spacing = 0.2 nm\n",
- "Spectral width of gain = 1.7 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 74
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 4.9, Page Number: 161"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lam_bda = 900*10e-9 # wavelength of light emitted by laser diode(nm)\n",
- "L = 300*10e-6 #length of laser chip(um)\n",
- "n = 4.3 #refractive index of the laser material\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "m = 2*L*n/Lam_bda #number of half-wavelengths\n",
- "delta_Lambda = (Lam_bda**2)/(2*L*n) #wavelength spacing(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of half-wavelength spanning the region betwen mirror = \" , round(m)\n",
- "print \"Wavelength spacing between lasing modes = \" , round(delta_Lambda*1e8,1),\"nm\"\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of half-wavelength spanning the region betwen mirror = 2867.0\n",
- "Wavelength spacing between lasing modes = 0.3 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index e65f2645..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,270 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:36c911cea36773d62dbfdfd257319508866d11b39912270afd0ba3c55a7245e6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chepter 5: Power launching and coupling"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.1, Page Number: 192"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "phi = 0 #lateral coordinate(degree)\n",
- "Half_power = 10 #half power beam width(degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "teta = Half_power/2\n",
- "teta_rad = teta/57.3\n",
- "L = math.log(0.5)/math.log(math.cos(teta_rad)) #power distribution co-efficient\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power distribution co-efficient L = \" ,round(L)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power distribution co-efficient L = 182.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 14
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.2, Page Number: 194"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "rs = 35.0*1e-6 #the source radius (meter)\n",
- "a = 25.0*1e-6 #the core radius of stepindex fiber (meter)\n",
- "NA = 0.20 #the numerical aperture value\n",
- "Bo = 150.0*1e4 #radiance ( W/cm^2 * sr)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps = ((math.pi**2)*(rs**2))*Bo #power emitted by the source\n",
- "PLED_step = Ps*(NA**2) #for larger core fiber(W)\n",
- "PLED_step1 = (((a/rs)**2)*Ps)*(NA**2) #for smaller core fiber at the end face(W)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"For larger core fiber optical power emitted from the LED light source = \" , round(PLED_step*1e3,3),\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"For smaller core fiber then area optical power coupled to step index fiber on W = \" , round(PLED_step1*1e3,3),\"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "For larger core fiber optical power emitted from the LED light source = 0.725 mW\n",
- "For smaller core fiber then area optical power coupled to step index fiber on W = 0.37 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.3, Page Number: 194"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "n1 = 3.6 #refractive index of optical source\n",
- "n = 1.48 #refractive index of silica fiber\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "R = ((n1-n)/(n1+n))**2 #fresnel reflection\n",
- "L = -10*(math.log10(1-R)) #power loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print\"Fresnel reflection = \",round(R,3),\" = \",round(R*100,1),\"%\"\n",
- "print\"Power loss = \" , round(L,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Fresnel reflection = 0.174 = 17.4 %\n",
- "Power loss = 0.83 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 16
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.4, Page Number: 205"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "a =1*1e-6 #core radii (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.3*a #axial offset\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "PT_P = (2/math.pi)*(math.acos(d/(2*a))-(1-(d/(2*a))**2)**0.5*(d/(6*a))*(5-0.5*(d/a)**2)) \n",
- "PT_P_dB = 10*(math.log10(PT_P)) #power coupled between two fibers(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power coupled between two graded index fibers = \" , round(PT_P_dB,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power coupled between two graded index fibers = -1.26 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 17
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.5, Page Number: 211"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "V = 2.4 #normalized frequency\n",
- "n1 = 1.47 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "a = (9.0/2.0)*10**-6 #core radii (meters)\n",
- "d = 1*10**-6 #lateral offset (meters)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "W = a*(0.65+1.619*V**(-1.5)+2.879*V**-6) #mode field diameter (um)\n",
- "Lsm = -10*(math.log10(math.exp(-(d/W)**2))) #Loss between identical fibers(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Mode field diameter = \" , round(W*1e6,2),\"um\"\n",
- "print \"Loss between single mode fibers due to lateral misalignment = \" , round(Lsm,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Mode field diameter = 4.95 um\n",
- "Loss between single mode fibers due to lateral misalignment = 0.18 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.6, Page Number: 212"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "V = 2.4 #normalized frequency\n",
- "n1 = 1.47 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "a = (9.0/2.0)*1e-6 #coreradii in meters\n",
- "d = 1*1e-6 #lateral offset (m)\n",
- "teta = 1 #in (degrees)\n",
- "teta = 1/57.3 #in (radaians) \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "W = a*(0.65+1.619*V**(-1.5)+2.879*V**-6) #mode field diameter\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1300.0*10**-9 #wavelength (m)\n",
- "Lsm_ang = -10*(math.log10(math.exp(-(math.pi*n2*W*teta/Lam_bda)**2))) #(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Loss between single mode fibers due to angular misalignment = \",round(Lsm_ang,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Loss between single mode fibers due to angular misalignment = 0.41 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index e65f2645..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter5_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,270 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:36c911cea36773d62dbfdfd257319508866d11b39912270afd0ba3c55a7245e6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chepter 5: Power launching and coupling"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.1, Page Number: 192"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "phi = 0 #lateral coordinate(degree)\n",
- "Half_power = 10 #half power beam width(degree)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "teta = Half_power/2\n",
- "teta_rad = teta/57.3\n",
- "L = math.log(0.5)/math.log(math.cos(teta_rad)) #power distribution co-efficient\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power distribution co-efficient L = \" ,round(L)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power distribution co-efficient L = 182.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 14
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.2, Page Number: 194"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "rs = 35.0*1e-6 #the source radius (meter)\n",
- "a = 25.0*1e-6 #the core radius of stepindex fiber (meter)\n",
- "NA = 0.20 #the numerical aperture value\n",
- "Bo = 150.0*1e4 #radiance ( W/cm^2 * sr)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ps = ((math.pi**2)*(rs**2))*Bo #power emitted by the source\n",
- "PLED_step = Ps*(NA**2) #for larger core fiber(W)\n",
- "PLED_step1 = (((a/rs)**2)*Ps)*(NA**2) #for smaller core fiber at the end face(W)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"For larger core fiber optical power emitted from the LED light source = \" , round(PLED_step*1e3,3),\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"For smaller core fiber then area optical power coupled to step index fiber on W = \" , round(PLED_step1*1e3,3),\"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "For larger core fiber optical power emitted from the LED light source = 0.725 mW\n",
- "For smaller core fiber then area optical power coupled to step index fiber on W = 0.37 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.3, Page Number: 194"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "n1 = 3.6 #refractive index of optical source\n",
- "n = 1.48 #refractive index of silica fiber\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "R = ((n1-n)/(n1+n))**2 #fresnel reflection\n",
- "L = -10*(math.log10(1-R)) #power loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print\"Fresnel reflection = \",round(R,3),\" = \",round(R*100,1),\"%\"\n",
- "print\"Power loss = \" , round(L,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Fresnel reflection = 0.174 = 17.4 %\n",
- "Power loss = 0.83 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 16
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.4, Page Number: 205"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "a =1*1e-6 #core radii (meters)\n",
- "d = 0.3*a #axial offset\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "PT_P = (2/math.pi)*(math.acos(d/(2*a))-(1-(d/(2*a))**2)**0.5*(d/(6*a))*(5-0.5*(d/a)**2)) \n",
- "PT_P_dB = 10*(math.log10(PT_P)) #power coupled between two fibers(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Power coupled between two graded index fibers = \" , round(PT_P_dB,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power coupled between two graded index fibers = -1.26 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 17
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.5, Page Number: 211"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "V = 2.4 #normalized frequency\n",
- "n1 = 1.47 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "a = (9.0/2.0)*10**-6 #core radii (meters)\n",
- "d = 1*10**-6 #lateral offset (meters)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "W = a*(0.65+1.619*V**(-1.5)+2.879*V**-6) #mode field diameter (um)\n",
- "Lsm = -10*(math.log10(math.exp(-(d/W)**2))) #Loss between identical fibers(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Mode field diameter = \" , round(W*1e6,2),\"um\"\n",
- "print \"Loss between single mode fibers due to lateral misalignment = \" , round(Lsm,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Mode field diameter = 4.95 um\n",
- "Loss between single mode fibers due to lateral misalignment = 0.18 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 5.6, Page Number: 212"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declartion\n",
- "V = 2.4 #normalized frequency\n",
- "n1 = 1.47 #core refractive index\n",
- "n2 = 1.465 #cladding refractive index\n",
- "a = (9.0/2.0)*1e-6 #coreradii in meters\n",
- "d = 1*1e-6 #lateral offset (m)\n",
- "teta = 1 #in (degrees)\n",
- "teta = 1/57.3 #in (radaians) \n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "W = a*(0.65+1.619*V**(-1.5)+2.879*V**-6) #mode field diameter\n",
- "Lam_bda = 1300.0*10**-9 #wavelength (m)\n",
- "Lsm_ang = -10*(math.log10(math.exp(-(math.pi*n2*W*teta/Lam_bda)**2))) #(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Loss between single mode fibers due to angular misalignment = \",round(Lsm_ang,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Loss between single mode fibers due to angular misalignment = 0.41 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 0d75f992..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,321 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:1d457d6d35a4d96cef8f5c393fb2ad194f0093b445ed9ceab1c1a00b3a80e8fa"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 6: Photodetectors"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.1, Page Number: 224"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "Eg = 1.43*1.6*10**-19 #(joules)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "LambdaC = h*C/Eg #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Maximum wavelength for photodiode GaAs = \", round(LambdaC*10**9,0),\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Maximum wavelength for photodiode GaAs = 869.0 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.2, Page Number: 226"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ip_q = 5.4*10**6 #electron-hole pair generated\n",
- "Pin_hv = 6*10**6 #number of incident photons\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "etta = Ip_q / Pin_hv #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Quantum efficiency at 1300nm =\" ,etta*100,\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Quantum efficiency at 1300nm = 90.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.3, Page Number: 226"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "R = 0.65 #Responsivity of photodiode(A/W)\n",
- "Pin = 10*10**-6 #Optical power level(watts)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ip = R*Pin #Photocurrent(A)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Photocurrent =\",Ip*10**6,\"uA\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Photocurrent = 6.5 uA\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.4, Page Number: 227"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda = 1300*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #freespace velocity(m/s)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "etta = 0.9 #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "Eg = 0.73 #energy gap(eV)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "R = (etta*q*Lambda)/(h*C) #responsivity(A/W)\n",
- "LambdaC = 1.24/ Eg #cut\udbc0\udc00off wavelength(meters)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Responsivity = \",round(R,2),\"A/W\"\n",
- "print \"Cutoff wavelength = \",round(LambdaC,1),\"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Responsivity = 0.94 A/W\n",
- "Cutoff wavelength = 1.7 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 20
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.5, Page Number: 230"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "etta = 0.65 #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #freespace velocity(m/s)\n",
- "Lambda = 900*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "Pin = 0.5*10**-06 #optical power(W)\n",
- "Im = 10*10**-06 #multiplied photocurrent(uA)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ip = ((etta*q*Lambda)/(h*C))*Pin #photocurrent(uA)\n",
- "M = Im/Ip #multiplication\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Primary photocurrent = \",round(Ip*10**6,3),\"uA\"\n",
- "print \"Primary photocurrent is multiplied by \" ,round(M+1,0)\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Primary photocurrent = 0.235 uA\n",
- "Primary photocurrent is multiplied by 43.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 26
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.6, Page Number: 234"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda = 1330.0*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "ID = 4.0*10**-9 #photdiode current(nA)\n",
- "etta = 0.90 #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "RL = 1000.0 #load resistance(ohms)\n",
- "Pin = 300.0*10**-9 #incident optical power(nW)\n",
- "Be = 20.0*10**6 #reciver bandwidth\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "T = 283.0 #room temperature(kelvin)\n",
- "KB = 1.38*10**-23 #boltzmann's constant\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ip = (etta*q*Pin*1.3*10**-6)/(h*C) #primary current(uA)\n",
- "Ishot = 2*q*Ip*Be #mean-squre shot noise current(A^2)\n",
- "IDB = 2*q*ID*Be #mean-squre dark current(A^2)\n",
- "IT = (4*KB*T)*Be/RL #mean-sqare thermal current(A^2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Primary current = \",round(Ip*10**6,3),\"uA\"\n",
- "print \"Mean-squre shot noise current = \",round(Ishot*10**18,2)*10**-18,\"A^2 OR = \",round(math.sqrt(Ishot)*10**9,2),\"nA\"\n",
- "print \"Mean-squre dark current = \",round(IDB*10**20,2)*10**-20,\"A^2 OR = \",round(math.sqrt(IDB)*10**9,2),\"nA\"\n",
- "print \"Mean-squre thermal current = \",round(math.sqrt(IT)*10**9,0),\"nA\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Primary current = 0.283 uA\n",
- "Mean-squre shot noise current = 1.81e-18 A^2 OR = 1.34 nA\n",
- "Mean-squre dark current = 2.56e-20 A^2 OR = 0.16 nA\n",
- "Mean-squre thermal current = 18.0 nA\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 13
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.7, Page Number: 239"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "CP = 3*10**-12 #photodiode capacitance(pF)\n",
- "CA = 4*10**-12 #amplifier capacitance(pF)\n",
- "CT = CP+CA #total capacitance\n",
- "RT1 = 1000 #load resistance 1(ohms)\n",
- "RT2 = 50 #load resistance 2(ohms)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "BC1 = 1/(2*math.pi*RT1*CT) #circuit bandwidth 1 (Hz)\n",
- "BC2 = 1/(2*math.pi*RT2*CT) #circuit bandwidth 2 (Hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Circuit bandwidth for 1k ohms = \",round(BC1*10**-6,0),\"MHz\"\n",
- "print \"Circuit bandwidth for 50 ohms = \",round(BC2*10**-6,0), \"MHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Circuit bandwidth for 1k ohms = 23.0 MHz\n",
- "Circuit bandwidth for 50 ohms = 455.0 MHz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 0d75f992..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter6_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,321 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:1d457d6d35a4d96cef8f5c393fb2ad194f0093b445ed9ceab1c1a00b3a80e8fa"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 6: Photodetectors"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.1, Page Number: 224"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #free space velocity(m/s)\n",
- "Eg = 1.43*1.6*10**-19 #(joules)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "LambdaC = h*C/Eg #wavelength(nm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Maximum wavelength for photodiode GaAs = \", round(LambdaC*10**9,0),\"nm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Maximum wavelength for photodiode GaAs = 869.0 nm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.2, Page Number: 226"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ip_q = 5.4*10**6 #electron-hole pair generated\n",
- "Pin_hv = 6*10**6 #number of incident photons\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "etta = Ip_q / Pin_hv #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Quantum efficiency at 1300nm =\" ,etta*100,\"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Quantum efficiency at 1300nm = 90.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.3, Page Number: 226"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "R = 0.65 #Responsivity of photodiode(A/W)\n",
- "Pin = 10*10**-6 #Optical power level(watts)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ip = R*Pin #Photocurrent(A)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Photocurrent =\",Ip*10**6,\"uA\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Photocurrent = 6.5 uA\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.4, Page Number: 227"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda = 1300*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #freespace velocity(m/s)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "etta = 0.9 #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "Eg = 0.73 #energy gap(eV)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "R = (etta*q*Lambda)/(h*C) #responsivity(A/W)\n",
- "LambdaC = 1.24/ Eg #cut\udbc0\udc00off wavelength(meters)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Responsivity = \",round(R,2),\"A/W\"\n",
- "print \"Cutoff wavelength = \",round(LambdaC,1),\"um\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Responsivity = 0.94 A/W\n",
- "Cutoff wavelength = 1.7 um\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 20
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.5, Page Number: 230"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "etta = 0.65 #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #freespace velocity(m/s)\n",
- "Lambda = 900*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "Pin = 0.5*10**-06 #optical power(W)\n",
- "Im = 10*10**-06 #multiplied photocurrent(uA)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ip = ((etta*q*Lambda)/(h*C))*Pin #photocurrent(uA)\n",
- "M = Im/Ip #multiplication\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Primary photocurrent = \",round(Ip*10**6,3),\"uA\"\n",
- "print \"Primary photocurrent is multiplied by \" ,round(M+1,0)\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Primary photocurrent = 0.235 uA\n",
- "Primary photocurrent is multiplied by 43.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 26
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.6, Page Number: 234"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Lambda = 1330.0*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "ID = 4.0*10**-9 #photdiode current(nA)\n",
- "etta = 0.90 #Quantum efficiency\n",
- "RL = 1000.0 #load resistance(ohms)\n",
- "Pin = 300.0*10**-9 #incident optical power(nW)\n",
- "Be = 20.0*10**6 #reciver bandwidth\n",
- "q = 1.6*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "T = 283.0 #room temperature(kelvin)\n",
- "KB = 1.38*10**-23 #boltzmann's constant\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ip = (etta*q*Pin*1.3*10**-6)/(h*C) #primary current(uA)\n",
- "Ishot = 2*q*Ip*Be #mean-squre shot noise current(A^2)\n",
- "IDB = 2*q*ID*Be #mean-squre dark current(A^2)\n",
- "IT = (4*KB*T)*Be/RL #mean-sqare thermal current(A^2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Primary current = \",round(Ip*10**6,3),\"uA\"\n",
- "print \"Mean-squre shot noise current = \",round(Ishot*10**18,2)*10**-18,\"A^2 OR = \",round(math.sqrt(Ishot)*10**9,2),\"nA\"\n",
- "print \"Mean-squre dark current = \",round(IDB*10**20,2)*10**-20,\"A^2 OR = \",round(math.sqrt(IDB)*10**9,2),\"nA\"\n",
- "print \"Mean-squre thermal current = \",round(math.sqrt(IT)*10**9,0),\"nA\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Primary current = 0.283 uA\n",
- "Mean-squre shot noise current = 1.81e-18 A^2 OR = 1.34 nA\n",
- "Mean-squre dark current = 2.56e-20 A^2 OR = 0.16 nA\n",
- "Mean-squre thermal current = 18.0 nA\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 13
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.7, Page Number: 239"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "CP = 3*10**-12 #photodiode capacitance(pF)\n",
- "CA = 4*10**-12 #amplifier capacitance(pF)\n",
- "CT = CP+CA #total capacitance\n",
- "RT1 = 1000 #load resistance 1(ohms)\n",
- "RT2 = 50 #load resistance 2(ohms)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "BC1 = 1/(2*math.pi*RT1*CT) #circuit bandwidth 1 (Hz)\n",
- "BC2 = 1/(2*math.pi*RT2*CT) #circuit bandwidth 2 (Hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Circuit bandwidth for 1k ohms = \",round(BC1*10**-6,0),\"MHz\"\n",
- "print \"Circuit bandwidth for 50 ohms = \",round(BC2*10**-6,0), \"MHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Circuit bandwidth for 1k ohms = 23.0 MHz\n",
- "Circuit bandwidth for 50 ohms = 455.0 MHz\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 4d206c90..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,287 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:eea7d16ffc875a17e4b117d7d13d2969329f1fcef753cbcc5ca0b70025950287"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 7: Optical receiver operation"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.1, Page Number: 258"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "bon = 1.0 #signal on level\n",
- "boff = 0.0 #signal off level\n",
- "sigma_on = 1.0 #variance sigma-on level\n",
- "sigma_off = 1.0 #variance sigma-on level\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Q = (bon - boff)/(sigma_on + sigma_off) #parameter value\n",
- "Vth = bon-Q*sigma_on #optimum decision threshold\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Q parameter value = \" ,Q\n",
- "print \"Optimum decision threshold Vth = \",Vth"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Q parameter value = 0.5\n",
- "Optimum decision threshold Vth = 0.5\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 69
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.2, Page Number: 258"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "%pylab inline"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import pylab\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "import scipy as sp\n",
- "from scipy import special\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Q = 6.0 #parameter value from figure\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pe = (1.0/2.0)*(1-math.erf(Q/math.sqrt(2.0))) #probability of error \n",
- "S_N_dB = 10*math.log10(2*Q) #signal to naoise ratio (dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Probability of error = \" ,round(Pe,10)\n",
- "print \"Signal to naoise ratio =\",round(S_N_dB,1),\"dB\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "q1=arange(0.0, 8.0, 0.5)\n",
- "Pe1 = (1.0/2.0)*(1-sp.special.erf(q1/sqrt(2.0))) \n",
- "plot(-q1+8,-Pe1)\n",
- "ylabel('BER (Pe)')\n",
- "xlabel('factor Q')\n",
- "title('Plot of BER (Pe) versus the factor Q')\n",
- "text(6,-0.3,'Q=5.99 for')\n",
- "text(6,-0.35,' Pe=10^-9') "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Probability of error = 1e-09\n",
- "Signal to naoise ratio = 10.8 dB\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 7,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x12d58c88>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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vavcAsDuwAjguTAaFwG3ufriZ9Qf+AeQRdIvd7+4J56spSYhIriorC5YPLy+H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\niIgkpSQhIiJJKUmIiEhS/x8iKeBNY2dz/AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa8c5e10>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3, Page Number: 259"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "s_n=8.5 #signal-to-noise ratio\n",
- "s_n_db=18.6 #signal-to-noise ratio (dB)\n",
- "tele_rate=1.544 #telephone rate\n",
- "v_by_sig=12.0 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio\n",
- "v_by_sig_db=21.6 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pe1=(1.0/math.sqrt(2.0*math.pi))*(math.exp(-((s_n**2.0)/8.0))/(s_n/2.0)) #Probability of error 1 \n",
- "q=v_by_sig/2 #parameter value\n",
- "ber=(1.0/2.0)*(1.0-math.erf(q/math.sqrt(2.0))) #bit error rate or Probability of error 2\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Probability of error for signal-to-noise ratio 8.5 = \", round(Pe1,5)\n",
- "print \"Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 12.0 = \", round(ber,10)\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Probability of error for signal-to-noise ratio 8.5 = 1e-05\n",
- "Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 12.0 = 1e-09\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 71
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "v_by_sig=13.0 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio for SONET\n",
- "v_by_sig_db=22.3 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio(dB) for SONET\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "q=v_by_sig /2 #parameter value\n",
- "ber=(1.0/(2.0*4.0))*(1.0-math.erf(q/math.sqrt(2.0))) #bit error rate or Probability of error \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 13.0 = \", round(ber,11), \"OR\",round(ber/10,12)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 13.0 = 1e-11 OR 1e-12\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.4, Page Number: 262"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #freespace velocity(m/s)\n",
- "B = 10**6 #data rate(Mb/s)\n",
- "Lambda = 850*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tuo = 2.0/B\n",
- "E = 20.7*h*C/Lambda #Energy of incident photon\n",
- "Pi = E/tuo #Minimum incident optical power(W)\n",
- "Pi_db = 10.0*(math.log10(Pi))-(-40) #optical power level with reference 1mW = -40dBm\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Minimum incident optical power = \",round(Pi*10**13,2),\"pW\"\n",
- "print \"Optical power level with reference 1mW = \",round(Pi_db,1),\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Minimum incident optical power = 24.2 pW\n",
- "Optical power level with reference 1mW = -76.2 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 75
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index c47a16e1..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter7_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,270 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:52945d2ecbd107493bfdff515b21007d6d8bd600f51e01015bc9fd9a03be50eb"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 7: Optical receiver operation"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.1, Page Number: 258"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "bon = 1.0 #signal on level\n",
- "boff = 0.0 #signal off level\n",
- "sigma_on = 1.0 #variance sigma-on level\n",
- "sigma_off = 1.0 #variance sigma-on level\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Q = (bon - boff)/(sigma_on + sigma_off) #parameter value\n",
- "Vth = bon-Q*sigma_on #optimum decision threshold\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Q parameter value = \" ,Q\n",
- "print \"Optimum decision threshold Vth = \",Vth"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Q parameter value = 0.5\n",
- "Optimum decision threshold Vth = 0.5\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 69
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.2, Page Number: 258"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "import scipy as sp\n",
- "from scipy import special\n",
- "\n",
- "%matplotlib inline\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Q = 6.0 #parameter value from figure\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pe = (1.0/2.0)*(1-math.erf(Q/math.sqrt(2.0))) #probability of error \n",
- "S_N_dB = 10*math.log10(2*Q) #signal to naoise ratio (dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Probability of error = \" ,round(Pe,10)\n",
- "print \"Signal to naoise ratio =\",round(S_N_dB,1),\"dB\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "q1=arange(0.0, 8.0, 0.5)\n",
- "Pe1 = (1.0/2.0)*(1-sp.special.erf(q1/sqrt(2.0))) \n",
- "plot(-q1+8,-Pe1)\n",
- "ylabel('BER (Pe)')\n",
- "xlabel('factor Q')\n",
- "title('Plot of BER (Pe) versus the factor Q')\n",
- "text(6,-0.3,'Q=5.99 for')\n",
- "text(6,-0.35,' Pe=10^-9') "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Probability of error = 1e-09\n",
- "Signal to naoise ratio = 10.8 dB\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 4,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0xa73bd30>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
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MQcAtFd1E7p7oolL7As9VdD2Z2T3ASOARYAvBirtVlenLjUuOUneT\nSOX+LzA3vOzseCB2UDrVB7fHlTF+WOjvG0/QjHf3DcBXZtY1btMQgkv0itQrJQmRyrUguHoXwC9i\nnp8DnBauRltxIReAjeE+EHyojzKzNmG5icDzVTjmtcBfzKxpWPcYoDfBdRRE6pWShMiOYr/h/xG4\n2szeJFiSvmLbdILLP74dDj5PCp+/lWDQe254MZ+pBBdGWgC87u6PJjjG9gd3vxGYF9b9IXAnMNbd\nv0vLqxOpBg1ci2Sw8PoEDwPz3P3iqOORhkdJQkREklJ3k4iIJKUkISIiSSlJiIhIUkoSIiKSlJKE\niIgkpSQhIiJJKUmIiEhS/x8iKeBNY2dz/AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa4e30b8>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3, Page Number: 259"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3(a)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "s_n=8.5 #signal-to-noise ratio\n",
- "s_n_db=18.6 #signal-to-noise ratio (dB)\n",
- "tele_rate=1.544 #telephone rate\n",
- "v_by_sig=12.0 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio\n",
- "v_by_sig_db=21.6 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Pe1=(1.0/math.sqrt(2.0*math.pi))*(math.exp(-((s_n**2.0)/8.0))/(s_n/2.0)) #Probability of error 1 \n",
- "q=v_by_sig/2 #parameter value\n",
- "ber=(1.0/2.0)*(1.0-math.erf(q/math.sqrt(2.0))) #bit error rate or Probability of error 2\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Probability of error for signal-to-noise ratio 8.5 = \", round(Pe1,5)\n",
- "print \"Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 12.0 = \", round(ber,10)\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Probability of error for signal-to-noise ratio 8.5 = 1e-05\n",
- "Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 12.0 = 1e-09\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 71
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3(b)"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "v_by_sig=13.0 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio for SONET\n",
- "v_by_sig_db=22.3 #peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio(dB) for SONET\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "q=v_by_sig /2 #parameter value\n",
- "ber=(1.0/(2.0*4.0))*(1.0-math.erf(q/math.sqrt(2.0))) #bit error rate or Probability of error \n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 13.0 = \", round(ber,11), \"OR\",round(ber/10,12)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Probability of error for peak signal-to-rms-noise ratio 13.0 = 1e-11 OR 1e-12\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.4, Page Number: 262"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "h = 6.625*10**-34 #planks constant(J*s)\n",
- "C = 3*10**8 #freespace velocity(m/s)\n",
- "B = 10**6 #data rate(Mb/s)\n",
- "Lambda = 850*10**-9 #Wavelength (m)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tuo = 2.0/B\n",
- "E = 20.7*h*C/Lambda #Energy of incident photon\n",
- "Pi = E/tuo #Minimum incident optical power(W)\n",
- "Pi_db = 10.0*(math.log10(Pi))-(-40) #optical power level with reference 1mW = -40dBm\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Minimum incident optical power = \",round(Pi*10**13,2),\"pW\"\n",
- "print \"Optical power level with reference 1mW = \",round(Pi_db,1),\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Minimum incident optical power = 24.2 pW\n",
- "Optical power level with reference 1mW = -76.2 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 75
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 7624efd8..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,335 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c41fce225679ac457a37b8135a3b4343e35e5bc26e64b35427fb89f090d39c55"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chepter 8: Digital links"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.1, Page Number: 287"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "system_margin = 6 # (dB)\n",
- "alpha = 3.5 #attenuation (dB/Km)\n",
- "L =6 #Length of transmission path (Km)\n",
- "lc = 1 #connector loss (dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "PT = 2*lc+alpha*L+system_margin #total optical power loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Total optical power loss = \" , round(PT) ,\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Total optical power loss = 29.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 34
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.2, Page Number: 288"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ps = 3 #laser output (dBm)\n",
- "APD_sen = -32 #APD sensitivity (dBm)\n",
- "lsc = 1 #source connectorloss (dB)\n",
- "ljc = 2*4 #two (jumper+connector loss) (dB)\n",
- "alpha = 0.3 #attenuation (dB/Km)\n",
- "L = 60 #cable length (Km)\n",
- "cable_att = alpha*60 #cable attenuation (dB)\n",
- "lrc = 1 #receiver connector loss (dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Allowed_Loss = Ps-APD_sen # (dB)\n",
- "system_margin = Allowed_Loss-lsc-ljc-cable_att-lrc #system margin(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Allowed loss between light source and photodetector = \",Allowed_Loss,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"The Final power margin = \" , round(system_margin) , \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Allowed loss between light source and photodetector = 35 dB\n",
- "The Final power margin = 7.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.3, Page Number: 291"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "t_tx = 15*10**-9 #transmitter rise time(ns)\n",
- "t_mat = 21*10**-9 #material dispersion related rise time(ns)\n",
- "t_mod = 3.9*10**-9 #rise time resulting from modal dispersion(ns)\n",
- "t_rx = 14*10**-9 #receiver rise time(ns)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tsys = math.sqrt(t_tx**2+t_mat**2+t_mod**2+t_rx**2) #link rise time(ns)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Link rise time = \" , round(tsys*10**9),\"ns\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Link rise time = 30.0 ns\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.4, Page Number: 292"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "t_tx = 25*10**-12 #transmission rise time (sec)\n",
- "t_GVD = 12*10**-12 #GVD rise time (sec)\n",
- "t_rx = 0.14*10**-9 #receiver rise time (sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tsys = math.sqrt(t_tx**2+t_GVD**2+t_rx**2) #Link rise time(ns)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"System rise time = \" , round(tsys*10**9,2) , \"ns\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "System rise time = 0.14 ns\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.5, Page Number: 306"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "bit_error_dur = 1*10**-3 #bit-corrupting burst noise duration (ms)\n",
- "B = 10*10**3 #data rate (kb/sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "N = B*bit_error_dur #number of bits affected by by burst error (MB/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of bits affected by a burst error = \" , round(N) , \"Mb/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of bits affected by a burst error = 10.0 Mb/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.6, Page Number: 308"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "x=1\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "polynomial = str(x**7)+\"0\"+str(x**5)+\"0\"+\"0\"+str(x**2)+str(x)+\"1\" #generator polynommial\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The generator polynomial to 8-bit binary represantation = \",polynomial"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The generator polynomial to 8-bit binary represantation = 10100111\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 39
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.8, Page Number: 309"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N = 32.0 #number of CRC\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ped = 1.0-(1.0/(2.0**N)) #burst error\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Burst error detected by CRC = \" , round(Ped*100,8), \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Burst error detected by CRC = 99.99999998 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.9, Page Number: 309"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "S = 8 #Reed-Solomon code with 1 byte\n",
- "n = (2**S-1) #length of coded sequence\n",
- "k = 239.0 #length of message sequence\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "r = n-k #number of redundent bytes\n",
- "over_head = (r/k) #overhead %\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of redundent bytes r = \" ,round(r),\"bytes\"\n",
- "print \"Percent overhead = \" , round(over_head*100) , \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of redundent bytes r = 16.0 bytes\n",
- "Percent overhead = 7.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 7624efd8..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter8_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,335 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:c41fce225679ac457a37b8135a3b4343e35e5bc26e64b35427fb89f090d39c55"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chepter 8: Digital links"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.1, Page Number: 287"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "system_margin = 6 # (dB)\n",
- "alpha = 3.5 #attenuation (dB/Km)\n",
- "L =6 #Length of transmission path (Km)\n",
- "lc = 1 #connector loss (dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "PT = 2*lc+alpha*L+system_margin #total optical power loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Total optical power loss = \" , round(PT) ,\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Total optical power loss = 29.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 34
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.2, Page Number: 288"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "Ps = 3 #laser output (dBm)\n",
- "APD_sen = -32 #APD sensitivity (dBm)\n",
- "lsc = 1 #source connectorloss (dB)\n",
- "ljc = 2*4 #two (jumper+connector loss) (dB)\n",
- "alpha = 0.3 #attenuation (dB/Km)\n",
- "L = 60 #cable length (Km)\n",
- "cable_att = alpha*60 #cable attenuation (dB)\n",
- "lrc = 1 #receiver connector loss (dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Allowed_Loss = Ps-APD_sen # (dB)\n",
- "system_margin = Allowed_Loss-lsc-ljc-cable_att-lrc #system margin(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Allowed loss between light source and photodetector = \",Allowed_Loss,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"The Final power margin = \" , round(system_margin) , \"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Allowed loss between light source and photodetector = 35 dB\n",
- "The Final power margin = 7.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.3, Page Number: 291"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "t_tx = 15*10**-9 #transmitter rise time(ns)\n",
- "t_mat = 21*10**-9 #material dispersion related rise time(ns)\n",
- "t_mod = 3.9*10**-9 #rise time resulting from modal dispersion(ns)\n",
- "t_rx = 14*10**-9 #receiver rise time(ns)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tsys = math.sqrt(t_tx**2+t_mat**2+t_mod**2+t_rx**2) #link rise time(ns)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Link rise time = \" , round(tsys*10**9),\"ns\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Link rise time = 30.0 ns\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.4, Page Number: 292"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "t_tx = 25*10**-12 #transmission rise time (sec)\n",
- "t_GVD = 12*10**-12 #GVD rise time (sec)\n",
- "t_rx = 0.14*10**-9 #receiver rise time (sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "tsys = math.sqrt(t_tx**2+t_GVD**2+t_rx**2) #Link rise time(ns)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"System rise time = \" , round(tsys*10**9,2) , \"ns\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "System rise time = 0.14 ns\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 4
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.5, Page Number: 306"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "bit_error_dur = 1*10**-3 #bit-corrupting burst noise duration (ms)\n",
- "B = 10*10**3 #data rate (kb/sec)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "N = B*bit_error_dur #number of bits affected by by burst error (MB/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of bits affected by a burst error = \" , round(N) , \"Mb/s\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of bits affected by a burst error = 10.0 Mb/s\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.6, Page Number: 308"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "x=1\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "polynomial = str(x**7)+\"0\"+str(x**5)+\"0\"+\"0\"+str(x**2)+str(x)+\"1\" #generator polynommial\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"The generator polynomial to 8-bit binary represantation = \",polynomial"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The generator polynomial to 8-bit binary represantation = 10100111\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 39
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.8, Page Number: 309"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "N = 32.0 #number of CRC\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "Ped = 1.0-(1.0/(2.0**N)) #burst error\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Burst error detected by CRC = \" , round(Ped*100,8), \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Burst error detected by CRC = 99.99999998 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 8.9, Page Number: 309"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "S = 8 #Reed-Solomon code with 1 byte\n",
- "n = (2**S-1) #length of coded sequence\n",
- "k = 239.0 #length of message sequence\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "r = n-k #number of redundent bytes\n",
- "over_head = (r/k) #overhead %\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Number of redundent bytes r = \" ,round(r),\"bytes\"\n",
- "print \"Percent overhead = \" , round(over_head*100) , \"%\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Number of redundent bytes r = 16.0 bytes\n",
- "Percent overhead = 7.0 %\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index b9aab8ae..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,203 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:324a9a4da13d8ac7961f467603671985ce43ffe3c8500eed13354d67d0e20662"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 9: Analog links"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.1, Page Number: 320"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "%pylab inline"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stderr",
- "text": [
- "WARNING: pylab import has clobbered these variables: ['f', 'pylab']\n",
- "`%matplotlib` prevents importing * from pylab and numpy\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 6
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import pylab\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable decalration\n",
- "ib_by_ith1=1.5 #injection current1 > 1.2\n",
- "ib_by_ith2=1.6 #injection current2\n",
- "ib_by_ith3=1.7 #injection current3\n",
- "f = 100.0*10**6 #frequency (hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "RIN1 = ((ib_by_ith1-1)**-3)/f\n",
- "RIN2 = ((ib_by_ith2-1)**-3)/f\n",
- "RIN3 = ((ib_by_ith3-1)**-3)/f\n",
- "RIN_dB1 = 20*math.log10(RIN1) #noise to signal power ratio1(dB/Hz)\n",
- "RIN_dB2 = 20*math.log10(RIN2) #noise to signal power ratio2(dB/Hz)\n",
- "RIN_dB3 = 20*math.log10(RIN3) #noise to signal power ratio3(dB/Hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Index guided lasers lies between \",round(RIN_dB1,0),\"dB/Hz\",round(RIN_dB2,0),\"dB/Hz\",round(RIN_dB3,1),\"dB/Hz\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "f1=1.0*10**8 # several hundrede MHz\n",
- "ib_by_ith = arange(0.0, 2.5, 0.1)\n",
- "RIN12 = ((ib_by_ith-1.0)**-3)/f1\n",
- "plot(ib_by_ith,20*log10(RIN12))\n",
- "ylabel('RIN(dB/Hz)')\n",
- "xlabel('Ib/Ith')\n",
- "title('Plot of relative intensity. The noise level=100MHz ')"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Index guided lasers lies between -142.0 dB/Hz -147.0 dB/Hz -150.7 dB/Hz\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 7,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0xa7d9cf8>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
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kQcAhpGFnoGCYmhozGFgrK64/JGl83gG14v+ArSQtAGYAX8s5HiRt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\n",
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa2eec18>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.3, Page Number: 323"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import pylab\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "T =300.0 #room temperature(kelvin)\n",
- "kB = 1.38054*10**-23 #boltzmann's constant\n",
- "m =0.25 #modulation index\n",
- "RIN_dB = -143 \n",
- "RIN = 10.0**( RIN_dB /10) #relative intensity(db/Hz)\n",
- "Pc = (10**(0/10) )*10**-3 #power coupled(dB)\n",
- "R = 0.6 #responsivity(A/w)\n",
- "Be = 10**6 #bandwidth(hz) \n",
- "ID = 10**-9 #dark current(nA)\n",
- "Req = 750 #equialent resistance(ohm) \n",
- "Ft = 10**(3/10) #(dB)\n",
- "M = 1 #multiplication factor\n",
- "q = 1.602*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "p = arange(0.0, -20.0, -1.0)\n",
- "P = (10**(p/10) )*10**-3\n",
- "C_N_1 = 0.5*((m*R*P)**2) /(4* kB*T*Be*Ft/ Req ) #limit of carrier-to-noise ratio\n",
- "C_N_3 = 0.5* (m**2)/( RIN *Be)\n",
- "C_N_2 = 0.5* (m**2)*R*P /(2* q*Be)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Decrese in received optical power at 1-db drop of C/N = 1 dB \"\n",
- "print \"Receiver thermal noise yields a 2-dB C/N roll off per 1-dB drop in received power at low light levels\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "plot(p,10*log10( C_N_1 ))\n",
- "plot(p,10*log10( C_N_2 ))\n",
- "plot (p,10*log10( C_N_3-30.6*10**6)*ones(len(p)))\n",
- "ylim((46,70))\n",
- "ylabel('Carrier-to-noise ratio(dB)')\n",
- "xlabel('Received optical power(dBm)')\n",
- "title('Plot of Carrier-to-noise ratio as a function of receiver optical power level')\n",
- "text(-10,57,'RIN limit')\n",
- "text(-17,67,'Quantum noise limit')\n",
- "text(-17,51,'Receiver noise limit')"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Decrese in received optical power at 1-db drop of C/N = 1 dB \n",
- "Receiver thermal noise yields a 2-dB C/N roll off per 1-dB drop in received power at low light levels\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 5,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0xa7c36a0>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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XXAynnQbXXms3upv0keotwKSqAKvLKsDktmnnJsa8M4ZpH01jeJfhjDx1JA3q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\nHAiNG1uWF2PSiWWCib4mwGc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- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa2f6710>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9_1.ipynb b/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9_1.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 393ba56c..00000000 --- a/Optical_fiber_communication_by_gerd_keiser/chapter9_1.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,186 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:9cbde2192d4d6413345bc42e22f07c27c74ab50c952d19ad97876c0eed323258"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 9: Analog links"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.1, Page Number: 320"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "import scipy as sp\n",
- "from scipy import special\n",
- "\n",
- "%matplotlib inline\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable decalration\n",
- "ib_by_ith1=1.5 #injection current1 > 1.2\n",
- "ib_by_ith2=1.6 #injection current2\n",
- "ib_by_ith3=1.7 #injection current3\n",
- "f = 100.0*10**6 #frequency (hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "RIN1 = ((ib_by_ith1-1)**-3)/f\n",
- "RIN2 = ((ib_by_ith2-1)**-3)/f\n",
- "RIN3 = ((ib_by_ith3-1)**-3)/f\n",
- "RIN_dB1 = 20*math.log10(RIN1) #noise to signal power ratio1(dB/Hz)\n",
- "RIN_dB2 = 20*math.log10(RIN2) #noise to signal power ratio2(dB/Hz)\n",
- "RIN_dB3 = 20*math.log10(RIN3) #noise to signal power ratio3(dB/Hz)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Index guided lasers lies between \",round(RIN_dB1,0),\"dB/Hz\",round(RIN_dB2,0),\"dB/Hz\",round(RIN_dB3,1),\"dB/Hz\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "f1=1.0*10**8 # several hundrede MHz\n",
- "ib_by_ith = arange(0.0, 2.5, 0.1)\n",
- "RIN12 = ((ib_by_ith-1.0)**-3)/f1\n",
- "plot(ib_by_ith,20*log10(RIN12))\n",
- "ylabel('RIN(dB/Hz)')\n",
- "xlabel('Ib/Ith')\n",
- "title('Plot of relative intensity. The noise level=100MHz ')"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Index guided lasers lies between -142.0 dB/Hz -147.0 dB/Hz -150.7 dB/Hz\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 10,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x12a82e10>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa0e70b8>"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.3, Page Number: 323"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
- "import numpy as np\n",
- "import scipy as sp\n",
- "from scipy import special\n",
- "\n",
- "%matplotlib inline\n",
- "\n",
- "#variable declaration\n",
- "T =300.0 #room temperature(kelvin)\n",
- "kB = 1.38054*10**-23 #boltzmann's constant\n",
- "m =0.25 #modulation index\n",
- "RIN_dB = -143 \n",
- "RIN = 10.0**( RIN_dB /10) #relative intensity(db/Hz)\n",
- "Pc = (10**(0/10) )*10**-3 #power coupled(dB)\n",
- "R = 0.6 #responsivity(A/w)\n",
- "Be = 10**6 #bandwidth(hz) \n",
- "ID = 10**-9 #dark current(nA)\n",
- "Req = 750 #equialent resistance(ohm) \n",
- "Ft = 10**(3/10) #(dB)\n",
- "M = 1 #multiplication factor\n",
- "q = 1.602*10**-19 #Charge (coulombs)\n",
- "\n",
- "#calculation\n",
- "p = arange(0.0, -20.0, -1.0)\n",
- "P = (10**(p/10) )*10**-3\n",
- "C_N_1 = 0.5*((m*R*P)**2) /(4* kB*T*Be*Ft/ Req ) #limit of carrier-to-noise ratio\n",
- "C_N_3 = 0.5* (m**2)/( RIN *Be)\n",
- "C_N_2 = 0.5* (m**2)*R*P /(2* q*Be)\n",
- "\n",
- "#result\n",
- "print \"Decrese in received optical power at 1-db drop of C/N = 1 dB \"\n",
- "print \"Receiver thermal noise yields a 2-dB C/N roll off per 1-dB drop in received power at low light levels\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "plot(p,10*log10( C_N_1 ))\n",
- "plot(p,10*log10( C_N_2 ))\n",
- "plot (p,10*log10( C_N_3-30.6*10**6)*ones(len(p)))\n",
- "ylim((46,70))\n",
- "ylabel('Carrier-to-noise ratio(dB)')\n",
- "xlabel('Received optical power(dBm)')\n",
- "title('Plot of Carrier-to-noise ratio as a function of receiver optical power level')\n",
- "text(-10,57,'RIN limit')\n",
- "text(-17,67,'Quantum noise limit')\n",
- "text(-17,51,'Receiver noise limit')"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Decrese in received optical power at 1-db drop of C/N = 1 dB \n",
- "Receiver thermal noise yields a 2-dB C/N roll off per 1-dB drop in received power at low light levels\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "pyout",
- "prompt_number": 11,
- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x12d79b70>"
- ]
- },
- {
- "metadata": {},
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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XXAynnQbXXms3upv0keotwKSqAKvLKsDktmnnJsa8M4ZpH01jeJfhjDx1JA3q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\nHAiNG1uWF2PSiWWCib4mwGc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- "text": [
- "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0xa288b70>"
- ]
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- "prompt_number": 11
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file |