diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering')
16 files changed, 0 insertions, 5098 deletions
diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_10.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_10.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 406bdd3e..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_10.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,562 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "Chapter 10"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 10: Microwave Communication Systems"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.1, Page number 486"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "from math import sqrt\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "ht = 144 #transmitter antenna height(m)\n",
- "hr = 25 #receiving antenna height(M)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "dt = 4*sqrt(ht)\n",
- "dr = 4*sqrt(hr)\n",
- "d = dt+dr\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"Radio horizon is\",dt,\"km\"\n",
- "print \"The maximum distance of propagation of the TV signal is\",d,\"km\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Radio horizon is 48.0 km\n",
- "The maximum distance of propagation of the TV signal is 68.0 km\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 2
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.2, Page number 486"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "from fractions import Fraction\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "r = 6370*10**3 #radius of earth(km)\n",
- "du_dh = -0.05*10**-6 #refractive index of air near ground\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "k = 1/(1+(r*du_dh))\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The horizon distance of the transmitter can be modified by replaing r by r' is\",round(k,3),\"r\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The horizon distance of the transmitter can be modified by replaing r by r' is 1.467 r\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.3, Page number 487"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math \n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "c = 3.*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n",
- "f = 2*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n",
- "r = 50*10**3 #repeater spacing(km)\n",
- "Pr = 20 #carrier power(dBm)\n",
- "Gt = 34 #antenna gain(dB)\n",
- "L = 10 #dB\n",
- "Gr = 34 #dB\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "lamda = c/f\n",
- "Pt = -Pr+(10*math.log10(4*math.pi*r**2))-Gt-(10*math.log10(lamda**2/(4*math.pi)))+L-Gr\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"The carrier tansmitted power required is\",round(Pt,2),\"dBm\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The carrier tansmitted power required is 54.44 dBm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 25
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Exampl 10.4, Page number 487"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "f = 6.*10**9 #uplink frequency(Hz)\n",
- "e = 5 #elevation angle(degrees)\n",
- "Pt = 1.*10**3 #transmitter power(W)\n",
- "Gt = 60. #gain of transmitter(dB)\n",
- "Gr = 0 #gain of receiver(dB)\n",
- "d = 36000*10**3 #distance between ground and satellite(m)\n",
- "c = 3.*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Gt1 = 10**(Gt/10)\n",
- "Gr1 = 10.**(Gr/10)\n",
- "r = d/(math.sin(math.radians(e)))\n",
- "lamda = c/f\n",
- "Pr = (Pt*Gt1*Gr1*lamda**2)/(4*math.pi*r**2*4*math.pi)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"Received power =\",round((Pr/1E-14),1),\"*10^-14 W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Received power = 9.3 *10^-14 W\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 41
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.5, Page number 487"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "r = 6371 #radius of the earth(km)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "d = 35855+r #distance of satellite from center of the earth(km)\n",
- "b = (math.degrees(math.pi)*r)/d\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"Antenna beam angle =\",round(b,2),\"degrees\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Antenna beam angle = 27.16 degrees\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 47
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.6, Page number 488"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "r = 6371 #radius of earth(km)\n",
- "h = 35855 #height(km) \n",
- "phi = 5 #elevation angle(degrees)\n",
- "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n",
- "B = 90 #angle for vertical transmission(degrees)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "d = math.sqrt(((r+h)**2)-((r*math.cos(math.radians(phi)))**2))- (r*math.sin(math.radians(phi)))\n",
- "T = (2*d*10**3)/c\n",
- "dv = math.sqrt(((r+h)**2)-(r**2))\n",
- "Tv = (2*(dv-r)*10**3)/c\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"The round trip time between earth station and satellite is\",round((T/1E-3),2),\"msec\"\n",
- "print \"The round trip time for vertical transmission is\",round((Tv/1E-3),2),\"msec\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The round trip time between earth station and satellite is 274.61 msec\n",
- "The round trip time for vertical transmission is 235.81 msec\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 53
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.7, Page number 488"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Tant = 25 #effective noise temperature for antenna(K)\n",
- "Tr = 75 #receiver oise temperature(K)\n",
- "G = 45 #power gain(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "T = Tant+Tr\n",
- "Tdb = 10*math.log10(T)\n",
- "M = G - Tdb\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"The figure of merit for earth station is\",M,\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The figure of merit for earth station is 25.0 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.8, Page number 488"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "EIRP = 55.5 #satellite ESM(dBW)\n",
- "M = 35 #freespace loss(dB)\n",
- "Lfs = 245.3 #GT of earth station(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "C_No = EIRP + M - Lfs + 228.6\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The carrier to noise ratio is\",round(C_No,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The carrier to noise ratio is 73.8 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 9
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.9, Page number 489"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D = 30 #diameter of dish(m)\n",
- "f = 4*10**9 #downlink frequency(Hz)\n",
- "M = 20 #G/T ratio of earth station\n",
- "c = 3.*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "Ae = (math.pi*D**2)/4\n",
- "lamda = c/f\n",
- "G = (4*math.pi*Ae)/lamda**2\n",
- "Gdb = 10*math.log10(G)\n",
- "Ts = Gdb - M\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The system noise temperature is\",round(Ts,2),\"dB\" "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The system noise temperature is 41.98 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.10, Page number 489"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Gp = 1500 #power gain\n",
- "lamda = 10*10**-2 #m\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "D = math.sqrt((Gp*(lamda**2))/(math.pi**2))\n",
- "HPBW = 58*lamda/D\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"The diamater of parabolic antenna is\",round(D,2),\"m\"\n",
- "print \"Half power beam width of paraboic antenna =\",round(HPBW,2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "15791.3670417\n",
- "The diamater of parabolic antenna is 1.23 m\n",
- "Half power beam width of paraboic antenna = 4.7\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 37
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.11, Page number 490"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "then Gp1 = (6*D1**2)/(lamda**2)\n",
- "If the gain and diameter of the antenna in the modified system is Gp2 and d2,\n",
- "then Gp2 = (6*D2**2)/(lamda**2)\n",
- "Gain = 10*log(Gp2/Gp1)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "G = 10*math.log10(2)\n",
- "Gall = 2*G\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"Overall gain of the system is\",round(Gall,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Overall gain of the system is 6.02 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 45
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Esample 10.12, Page number 490"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "a)beamwidth between first nulls\n",
- "b)beamwidth between half power points\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D = 3*10**2 #diameter of paraboloid(cm)\n",
- "f = 3.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n",
- "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "lamda = c/f\n",
- "BWFN = (140*lamda)/D\n",
- "BWHP = (70*lamda)/D\n",
- "Gp = (6*D**2)/(lamda**2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"Beamwidth between first nulls =\",round(BWFN,2),\"degrees\"\n",
- "print \"Beamwidth between half power points =\",round(BWHP,2),\"degrees\"\n",
- "print \"Gain of antenna =\",round(Gp,2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Beamwidth between first nulls = 4.67 degrees\n",
- "Beamwidth between half power points = 2.33 degrees\n",
- "Gain of antenna = 5400.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 51
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 10.13, Page number 490"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "A = 5\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Gp = 4.5*A**2\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"Power gain of optimum horn antenna =\",Gp\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Power gain of optimum horn antenna = 112.5\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 53
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_11.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_11.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index afe53dd6..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_11.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,300 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:efd0e56c04d2245e98b2287a63fba67799b88e9847372ba4c5f3c4cf5de91c4c" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 11: Radars" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 11.1, Page number 504" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaraion\n", - "lamda = 3.*10**-2#operating unit(cm)\n", - "Pt = 600.*10**3 #peak pulse power(W)\n", - "Smin = 10.**-13 #minimum detectable signal(W)\n", - "Ae = 5. #m^2\n", - "sigma = 20. #cross sectional area(m^2)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "Rmax = ((Pt*Ae**2*sigma)/(4*math.pi*lamda**2*Smin))**0.25\n", - "Rmax_nau = Rmax/1.853\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The maximum range of radar system is\",round((Rmax/1E+3),2),\"km\"\n", - "print \"The maximum range of radar system in nautical miles is\",round((Rmax_nau/1E+3),2),\"nm\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The maximum range of radar system is 717.66 km\n", - "The maximum range of radar system in nautical miles is 387.29 nm\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 25 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 11.2, Page number 504" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Pt = 250.*10**3 #peak pulse power(W)\n", - "Smin = 10.**-14 #minimum detectable signal(W)\n", - "Ae = 10. #m^2\n", - "sigma = 2. #cross sectional area(m^2)\n", - "f = 10*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "G = 2500 #power gain of antenna\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "Rmax = ((Pt*G*Ae*sigma)/((4*math.pi)**2*Smin))**0.25\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Maximum range possible of the antenna is\",round((Rmax/1E+3),2),\"km\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Maximum range possible of the antenna is 298.28 km\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 30 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 11.3, Page number 504" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Pt = 250.*10**3 #peak pulse power(W)\n", - "f = 10.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3.*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "G = 4000 #power gain of antenna\n", - "R = 50*10**3 #range(m)\n", - "Pr = 10**-11 #minimum detectable signal(W)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "Ae = (G*lamda**2)/(4*math.pi)\n", - "sigma = (Pr*((4*math.pi*R**2)**2))/(Pt*G*Ae)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The radar can sight cross section area of\",round(sigma,2),\"m^2\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The radar can sight cross section area of 34.45 m^2\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 37 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 11.4, Page number 505" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Pt = 400*10**3 #transmitted power(W)\n", - "prf = 1500. #pulse repitiion frequency(pps)\n", - "tw = 0.8*10**-6 #pulse width(sec)\n", - "c = 3.*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "Run = c/(2*prf)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "dc = tw/(1/prf)\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "Pav = Pt*dc\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "n1 = 1\n", - "BW1 = n1/tw\n", - "\n", - "n2 = 1.4\n", - "BW2 = n2/tw\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The radar's unambiguous range is\",round((Run/1E+3),2),\"km\"\n", - "print \"The duty cycle for radar is\",dc\n", - "print \"The average power is\",round(Pav,2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Bandwidth range for radar is\",(BW1/1E+6),\"MHz and\",(BW2/1E+6),\"MHz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The radar's unambiguous range is 100.0 km\n", - "The duty cycle for radar is 0.0012\n", - "The average power is 480.0 W\n", - "Bandwidth range for radar is 1.25 MHz and 1.75 MHz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 47 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 11.5, Page number 505" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Pt = 2.5*10**6 #power output(W)\n", - "D = 5 #antenna diameter(m)\n", - "sigma = 1 #cross sectional area of target(m^2)\n", - "B = 1.6*10**6 #receiver bandwidth(Hz)\n", - "c = 3.*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "Nf = 12. #noise figure(dB)\n", - "f = 5*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "F = 10**(Nf/10)\n", - "Rmax = 48*(((Pt*D**4*sigma)/(B*lamda**2*(F-1)))**0.25)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The maximum detection range is\",round(Rmax,2),\"km\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The maximum detection range is 558.04 km\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 57 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 11.6, Page number 506" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math \n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Rmax = 30 #maximum range of radar(km)\n", - "n = 50 #no. of echos\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "R = Rmax*math.sqrt(math.sqrt(n))\n", - "\n", - "#After doubling the power\n", - "R1 = math.sqrt(math.sqrt(2))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Maximum range with echoing of 50 times is\",round(R,2),\"km\"\n", - "print \"If transmitter power is doubled, range would increase by a factor of\",round(R1,2)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Maximum range with echoing of 50 times is 79.77 km\n", - "If transmitter power is doubled, range would increase by a factor of 1.19\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 61 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_3.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_3.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 116264a3..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_3.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,531 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:dfa1112ea6b0d370508845e5b6861c8e0c5d67e82e0a759d3e8e0f96252d9846" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 3: Transmission Lines" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example number 3.1, Page number 47" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Zo = 100 #o/p impedance(Ohms)\n", - "s = 5 #VSWR\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "Zmax = Zo*s\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Terminating impedance = \",Zmax,\"Ohms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Terminating impedance = 500 Ohms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 2 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.2, Page number 47" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "import cmath\n", - "\n", - "#Varaible declaration \n", - "R = 8 #resistance(Ohms)\n", - "L = 2*10**-3 #inductance(H/km)\n", - "C = 0.002*10**-6 #capacitance(F)\n", - "G = 0.07*10**-6 #conductance(s/km)\n", - "f = 2*10**3 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "Vs = 2 #input signal(V)\n", - "l = 500. #line length(km)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "x = complex(R,w*L)\n", - "y = complex(G,w*C)\n", - "Zo = cmath.sqrt(x/y)\n", - "gamma = cmath.sqrt(x*y)\n", - "Is = Vs/Zo.real\n", - "Il = Is*cmath.exp(-1*gamma*l)\n", - "P = Il**2*Zo.real\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Characteristic impedance =\",Zo,\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Attenuation constant =\",round(gamma.real,6),\"NP/km\"\n", - "print \"Phase constant =\", round(gamma.imag,6),\"rad/km\"\n", - "print \"Power delivered to the load =\", round((abs(P)/1E-6),2), \"uW\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Characteristic impedance = (1012.50018135-155.813417548j) Ohms\n", - "Attenuation constant = 0.003987 NP/km\n", - "Phase constant = 0.025436 rad/km\n", - "Power delivered to the load = 73.31 uW\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 5 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.3, Page number 48" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Varaible declaration\n", - "f = 2*10**3 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "B = 0.02543 #phase constant(rad/km)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "Vp = w/B\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Phase velocity =\",round((Vp/1E+3),2),\"km/sec\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Phase velocity = 494.16 km/sec\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 24 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.4, Page number 48" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import cmath\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 37.5*10**6 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "V = 200 #Voltage signal(Vrms)\n", - "r = 200 #internal resistance(Ohms)\n", - "Zo = 200 #characteristic impedance(Ohms)\n", - "l = 10 #line length(m)\n", - "Zl = 100 #resistive load(Ohms)\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "Bl = (5*math.degrees(math.pi))/4\n", - "x = complex(Zl,(Zo*math.tan(Bl)))\n", - "y = complex(Zo,(Zl*math.tan(Bl)))\n", - "Zi = Zo*(x/y)\n", - "Vs = (Zi.real*Zo)/(Zi.real+Zo)\n", - "Is = Zo/(Zi.real+Zo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "P = Vs*Is\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "Il = math.sqrt(P/Zl)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Please note that the solution given in the textbook is incorrect.Hence the difference in answers\\n\"\n", - "print \"Current drawn from generator is\",round(Is,2),\"A\" \n", - "print \"Power delivered to the load is\",round(P,2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Current flowing through the load is\",round(Il,3),\"A\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Please note that the solution given in the textbook is incorrect.Hence the difference in answers\n", - "\n", - "Current drawn from generator is 0.41 A\n", - "Power delivered to the load is 48.47 W\n", - "Current flowing through the load is 0.696 A\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 35 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.5, Page number 50" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import cmath\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "zo = 50 #characteristic impedance(Ohms)\n", - "f = 300*10**6 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "zl = complex(50,50) #terminating load(Ohms)\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "rho = (zl-zo)/(zl+zo)\n", - "phi = cmath.phase(rho)\n", - "s = (1+abs(rho))/(1-abs(rho))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Reflection co-efficient =\",round(abs(rho),3),\"with phase =\",round(math.degrees(phi),2)\n", - "print \"VSWR =\",round(s,2)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " Reflection co-efficient = 0.447 with phase = 63.43\n", - "VSWR = 2.62\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 46 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.6, Page number 50" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Zl = 100. #load resistance(Ohms)\n", - "Zo = 600. #characteristic impedance(Ohms)\n", - "f = 100*10**6 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "l = (lamda*math.atan(math.sqrt(Zl/Zo)))/(2*math.pi)\n", - "l_dash = (lamda*math.atan(math.sqrt((Zl*Zo)/(Zo-Zl))))/(2*math.pi)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The position of the stub is\", round(l,3),\"m\\n\"\n", - "print \"Please note that the solution for l_dash given in the textbook is incorrect\"\n", - "print \"Length of stub is\",round(l_dash,3),\"m\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The position of the stub is 0.185 m\n", - "\n", - "Please note that the solution for l_dash given in the textbook is incorrect\n", - "Length of stub is 0.707 m\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 17 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.7, Page number 50" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import cmath\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "s = 3.2 #VSWR\n", - "Xmin = 0.237 #minimum voltage(V)\n", - "Zo = 50 #characteristic impedance(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "q = math.tan(math.degrees(2*math.pi*Xmin))\n", - "x = complex(1,-(s*q))\n", - "y = complex(s, -q)\n", - "Zl = Zo*(x/y)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Please note that the solution given in the textbook is incorrect.Hence the difference in answers\\n\"\n", - "print \"Terminating impedance =\", Zl,\"Ohms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Please note that the solution given in the textbook is incorrect.Hence the difference in answers\n", - "\n", - "Terminating impedance = (19.6572514629-23.7885950214j) Ohms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 27 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.8, Page number 51" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Zo = 50. #characteristic impedance(Ohms)\n", - "Zl = 100. #load resistance(Ohms)\n", - "f = 300*10**3 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "Pl = 50*10**-3 #load power(W)\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "\n", - "#Part a\n", - "rho = (Zl-Zo)/(Zl+Zo)\n", - "s = (1+abs(rho))/(1-abs(rho))\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "#Since real Zl>Zo, first Vmax is located at the load\n", - "Vmin_pos = lamda/4\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "Vmax = math.sqrt(Pl*Zl)\n", - "Vmin = Vmax/s\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "Zin_at_Vmin = Zo/s\n", - "Zin_at_Vmax = Zo*s\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"VSWR = \", s\n", - "print \"First Vmax is loacted at load and first Vmin is located at\", Vmin_pos,\"m from the load\"\n", - "print \"Vmin = \",round(Vmin,2),\"V and Vmax = \",round(Vmax,2),\"V\"\n", - "print \"Impedance at Vmin is \", Zin_at_Vmin,\"Ohm and impedance at Vmax is\",Zin_at_Vmax,\"Ohm\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "VSWR = 2.0\n", - "First Vmax is loacted at load and first Vmin is located at 250 m from the load\n", - "Vmin = 1.12 V and Vmax = 2.24 V\n", - "Impedance at Vmin is 25.0 Ohm and impedance at Vmax is 100.0 Ohm\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.9, Page number 52" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Zo = 600. #characteristic impedance(Ohms)\n", - "Zs = 50 #source impedance(Ohms)\n", - "l = 200 #length of line(m)\n", - "Zl = 500. #load resistance(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "rho = (Zl-Zo)/(Zl+Zo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part a\n", - "ref_l = math.log10(1/(1-((abs(rho))**2)))\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "#Since, the line is lossless,\n", - "att_l = 0\n", - "trans_l = ref_l+att_l\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "ret_l = math.log10(abs(rho))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Reflection loss =\",round(ref_l,4),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Transmission loss =\",round(trans_l,4),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Return loss =\",round(ret_l,3),\"dB (Calculation error in the textbook)\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Reflection loss = 0.0036 dB\n", - "Transmission loss = 0.0036 dB\n", - "Return loss = -1.041 dB (Calculation error in the textbook)\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 55 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 3.10, Page number 52" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import cmath\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "l = 10 #length of line(km)\n", - "zsc = complex(1895.47,2234.29) \n", - "zoc = complex(216.99,-143.37)\n", - "f = 1*10**3 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "zo = cmath.sqrt(zsc*zoc)\n", - "x = cmath.sqrt(zsc/zoc)\n", - "t = (1+x)/(1-x)\n", - "gamma = cmath.log(t)/(l*2)\n", - "B = gamma.imag\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "Vp = w/B\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"There is calculation mistake throughout the problem in the textbook\\n\"\n", - "print \"Characteristic impedance =\",zo,\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Phase velocity =\",round((Vp/1E+3),3),\"*10^3 m/sec\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "There is calculation mistake throughout the problem in the textbook\n", - "\n", - "Characteristic impedance = (864.190238563+123.274392427j) Ohms\n", - "Phase velocity = 45.994 *10^3 m/sec\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 27 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_4.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_4.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 05272d36..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_4.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1203 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:fddff29c571385d7ad533c0da8d46227c19589926b0642ffe1126b7caf1c9ca6" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 4:Microwave Transmission Lines" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.1, Page number 141" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "d = 0.49 #diameter of inner conductor(cm)\n", - "D = 1.10 #diameter of outer conductor(cm)\n", - "e = 2.3 #polyethylene dielectric\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of light(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "L = 2*10**-7*math.log(D/d)\n", - "C = (55.56*10**-12*e)/(math.log(D/d))\n", - "Ro = (60*math.log(D/d))/(math.sqrt(e))\n", - "v = c/(math.sqrt(e))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Inductance per unit length is\",round(L,8),\"H/m\"\n", - "print \"Capacitance per unit length is\",round(C,12),\"PF/m\"\n", - "print \"Characteristic impedance is\",round(Ro,3),\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Velocity of propagation is\",round(v,3),\"m/s\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Inductance per unit length is 1.6e-07 H/m\n", - "Capacitance per unit length is 1.58e-10 PF/m\n", - "Characteristic impedance is 31.993 Ohms\n", - "Velocity of propagation is 197814142.019 m/s\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 48 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.2, Page number 142" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declartion\n", - "R = 0.05 #Ohms/m\n", - "L = 1.6*10**-7 #Inductance(from example 4.1)\n", - "C = 1.58*10**-10 #Capacitance(from example 4.1)\n", - "w = 2*math.pi\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of light(m/s)\n", - "e = 2.3 #polyethylene dielectric(from example 4.1)\n", - "Pin = 480 #Input power(W)\n", - "l = 50 #line length(m)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "zo=math.sqrt(L/C)\n", - "alpha = R/(2*zo)\n", - "B = w*math.sqrt(L*C)\n", - "Vp = 1/math.sqrt(L*C)\n", - "e = (C/Vp)**2\n", - "Pl = Pin*2*l\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Attenuation constant =\",round(alpha,5),\"Np/m\"\n", - "print \"Phase constant =\",round(B,8),\"rad/m\"\n", - "print \"Phase velocity =\",round(Vp*10**-6,2),\"*10**-6 m/s\"\n", - "print \"Relative permittivity =\",e\n", - "print \"Power loss =\",round(Pl),\"W\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Attenuation constant = 0.00079 Np/m\n", - "Phase constant = 3e-08 rad/m\n", - "Phase velocity = 198.89 *10**-6 m/s\n", - "Relative permittivity = 6.3108992e-37\n", - "Power loss = 48000.0 W\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 67 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.3, Page number 142" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 9.375*10**10 #Frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of light(m/s)\n", - "b_a = 2.3\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda = c/f\n", - "#Since b_by_a = 2.3 and b+a <lamda/pi, therefore\n", - "a = 2.42 #(cm)\n", - "P = 3600*a**2*math.log(b_a)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The brakdown power of the airfilled coaxial cable is\", round(P),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Please note the answer given in the textbook is wrong\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The brakdown power of the airfilled coaxial cable is 17560.0 W\n", - "Please note the answer given in the textbook is wrong\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 4 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.4, Page number 142" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "b = 0.3175 #distance between the ground planes(cm)\n", - "d = 0.0539 #diameter of circular conductor(cm)\n", - "e = 2.32 #dielectric constant\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #velocity of light(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "zo = (60*math.log((4*b)/(math.pi*d)))/math.sqrt(e)\n", - "v = c/math.sqrt(e)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Charactritic impedance =\",round(zo,2),\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Velocity of propagation =\",round(v,2),\"m/s\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Charactritic impedance = 79.37 Ohms\n", - "Velocity of propagation = 196959649.29 m/s\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 15 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.5, Page number 143" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "e = 9.7 #Dielectric constant\n", - "W_h = 0.5 #for case a\n", - "W_b = 5. #for case b\n", - "c = 3*10**8 #speed of light(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Case a\n", - "x = (1/math.sqrt(1+12+((1/W_h)**2))+0.04*((1-W_h)**2))\n", - "Eeff1 = ((e+1)/2)+(((e-1)/2)*x)\n", - "Zo1 = 60/math.sqrt(Eeff1)*math.log((8*(1/W_h)+W_h/4))\n", - "v1 = c/math.sqrt(Eeff1)\n", - "\n", - "#Case b\n", - "y = 1/(math.sqrt(1+12*(1/W_b)))\n", - "Eeff2 = ((e+1)/2)+(((e-1)/2)*y)\n", - "z = 1/(W_b+1.393+0.667*math.log(1.444+W_b))\n", - "Zo2 = (120*math.pi*z)/math.sqrt(Eeff2)\n", - "v2 = c/math.sqrt(Eeff2)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Case a\"\n", - "print \"Characteristic impedance =\",round(Zo1,2),\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Effective dielectric constant =\",round(Eeff1,2)\n", - "print \"Velocity of propagation =\",round(v1,2),\"m/s\\n\"\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "print \"Case b\"\n", - "print \"Characteristic impedance =\",round(Zo2,2),\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Effective dielectric constant =\",round(Eeff2,2)\n", - "print \"Velocity of propagation =\",round(v2,2),\"m/s\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Case a\n", - "Characteristic impedance = 65.69 Ohms\n", - "Effective dielectric constant = 6.45\n", - "Velocity of propagation = 118138347.97 m/s\n", - "\n", - "Case b\n", - "Characteristic impedance = 17.78 Ohms\n", - "Effective dielectric constant = 7.71\n", - "Velocity of propagation = 108048536.19 m/s\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 54 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.6, Page number 144" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a1 = 1.70645 #for case a\n", - "b1 = a1/2 #for case a\n", - "b2 = 1.4621 #for case b\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Case a(For TE10 mode)\n", - "Area_rw1 = a1*b1\n", - "Area_cw1 = math.pi\n", - "Ratio1 = Area_cw1/Area_rw1\n", - "\n", - "#Case b(For TM mode)\n", - "Area_rw2 = b2**2\n", - "Area_cw2 = math.pi\n", - "Ratio2 = Area_cw2/Area_rw2\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Case a\"\n", - "print \"Ratio of area of circular to area of rectangular waveguide =\",round(Ratio1,1),\"\\n\"\n", - "print \"Case b\"\n", - "print \"Ratio of area of circular to area of rectangular waveguide =\",round(Ratio2,1)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Case a\n", - "Ratio of area of circular to area of rectangular waveguide = 2.2 \n", - "\n", - "Case b\n", - "Ratio of area of circular to area of rectangular waveguide = 1.5\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 53 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.7, Page number 146" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 9.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "lamda_g = 4. #guide wavelength(cm)\n", - "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation(cm/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "lamda_c = math.sqrt((lamda_o**2)/(1-(lamda_o**2/lamda_g**2)))\n", - "#For TE10 mode,\n", - "a = lamda_c/2\n", - "b = lamda_c/4 #@since a=2b\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The breadth of rectangular waveguide is\",round(b,2),\"cms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The breadth of rectangular waveguide is 1.51 cms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 9 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.8, Page number 147" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 10 #breadth of waveguide(cms)\n", - "f = 2.5*10**9 #frequency of signal(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(cm/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_c = 2*a #cut-off wavelength\n", - "lamda_o = c/f \n", - "x = math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n", - "lamda_g = (lamda_o/x) #guided wavelength\n", - "Vp = c/x #Phase velocity\n", - "Vg = c**2/Vp #Group velocity\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The cut-off wavelength is\", round(lamda_c,2),\"cm\"\n", - "print \"The guided wavelength is\",round(lamda_g,3),\"cm\"\n", - "print \"The pahse velocity is\",round((Vp/1E+10),2),\"*10^10 cm/sec\"\n", - "print \"The group velocity is\",round((Vg/1E+10),2),\"*10^10 cm/sec\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The cut-off wavelength is 20.0 cm\n", - "The guided wavelength is 15.0 cm\n", - "The pahse velocity is 3.75 *10^10 cm/sec\n", - "The group velocity is 2.4 *10^10 cm/sec\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 26 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.9, Page number 147" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 2.5 #length of guide(cms)\n", - "b = 1 #breadth of guide(cms)\n", - "f = 8.66 #cut-off frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "#condition for wave to propagate is lamda_c>lamda_o. Therefore for TE01 mode,\n", - "lamda_c1 = 2*b\n", - "if lamda_c1<lamda_o:\n", - " print \"TE01 does not propgate\"\n", - "lamda_c2 = 2*a #for TE10 mode\n", - "if lamda_c2>lamda_o:\n", - " print \"TE10 is a possible mode\"\n", - "fc = c/lamda_c2\n", - "lamda_c3 = (2*a*b)/math.sqrt((a**2)+(b**2)) #for TE11 and TM11 modes\n", - "if lamda_c3<lamda_o:\n", - " print \"Both TE11 and TM11 do not propagate as higher modes\"\n", - "lamda_g = lamda_o/math.sqrt(-1*(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c2)**2)))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Cut-off frequency =\",round((fc/1E+9),3),\"GHz\"\n", - "print \"Guide wavelength =\",round(lamda_g,3),\"cms\"\n", - "print \"From the analysis, we conclude that only TE10 mode is possible\\n\"\n", - "print \"Case ii\"\n", - "print \"Lamda_c for TM11 is equal to lamda_c for TE11 =\",round(lamda_c3,3),\"cms which means that TM11 also does not propagate\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "TE01 does not propgate\n", - "Both TE11 and TM11 do not propagate as higher modes\n", - "Cut-off frequency = 6.0 Hz\n", - "Guide wavelength = 5.0 cms\n", - "From the analysis, we conclude that only TE10 mode is possible\n", - "\n", - "Case ii\n", - "Lamda_c for TM11 is equal to lamda_c for TE11 = 1.857 cms which means that TM11 also does not propagate\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 28 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.10, Page number 148" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "lamda_c = 10 #cut-off wavelength(cms)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#For TE11 mode in a circular waveguide,\n", - "r = (lamda_c*1.841)/(2*math.pi) #radius of circular waveguide(cms)\n", - "a = math.pi*r**2 #area of circular waveguide\n", - "fc = c/lamda_c #cut-off frequency(Hz)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The required cross sectional area is\", round(a,3),\"cms^2\"\n", - "print \"Frequencies above\",round((fc/1E+9),2),\"GHz can be propagated throught the waveguide\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The required cross sectional area is 26.971 cms^2\n", - "Frequencies above 3.0 GHz can be propagated throught the waveguide\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 1 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.11, Page number 149" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 5*10**9 #frequecy(Hz)\n", - "a = 4 #length of guide(cms)\n", - "b = 3 #breadth of guide(cms)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations & Results\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "#For TE waves:\n", - "#For TE01 mode - m = 0, n = 1\n", - "lamda_c1 = 2*b\n", - "if lamda_c1<=lamda_o:\n", - " print \"TE01 does not propgate\"\n", - "\n", - "#For TE10 mode - m=1, n=0\n", - "lamda_c2 = 2*a\n", - "if lamda_c3<lamda_o:\n", - " print \"TE10 is a possible mode\"\n", - " \n", - "#For TE11 mode - m=1, n=1\n", - "lamda_c3 = (2*a*b)/math.sqrt((a**2)+(b**2))\n", - "if lamda_c3<lamda_o:\n", - " print \"TE11 does not propgate\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "TE01 does not propgate\n", - "TE10 is a possible mode\n", - "TE11 does not propgate\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 8 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.12, Page number 149" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "d = 4 #inner diameter of circular waveguide(cms)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity od propagation(m/s)\n", - "fs = 5*10**9 #signal frequency(Hz)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "r = d/2 #radius(cms)\n", - "lamda_c = (2*math.pi*r)/1.841\n", - "fc = c/lamda_c\n", - "lamda_o = c/fs\n", - "lamda_g = lamda_o/math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Cut-off wavelength =\",round(lamda_c,3),\"cms\"\n", - "print \"Cut-off frequency =\",round((fc/1E+9),3),\"GHz\"\n", - "print \"Guide wavelength =\",round(lamda_g,3),\"cms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Cut-off wavelength = 6.826 cms\n", - "Cut-off frequency = 4.395 GHz\n", - "Guide wavelength = 12.584 cms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 35 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.13, Page number 150" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 6. #length of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "b = 4. #breadth of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "d = 4.55 #distance between maximum and minimum(cms)\n", - "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation(cm/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#For TE10 mode:\n", - "lamda_c = 2*a\n", - "lamda_g = d*4\n", - "lamda_o = math.sqrt(1./(((1./lamda_g**2)+(1./lamda_c**2))))\n", - "f = c/lamda_o\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Frequency of wave is\",round((f/1E+9),2),\"GHz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Frequency of wave is 2.99 GHz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 53 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.14, Page number 151" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "b = 2.5 #breadth of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "a = 5. #length of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(cm/s)\n", - "lamda_o = 4.5 #wavelength(cms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#For TE10 mode which is the dominant mode:\n", - "lamda_c = 2*a\n", - "lamda_g = lamda_o/math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n", - "Vp = c/math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n", - "B = (2*math.pi*math.sqrt((lamda_c**2)-(lamda_o**2)))/(lamda_o*lamda_c)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Solutions obtained in the textbook are incorrect due to calculation mistake in lamda_g\"\n", - "print \"Guide wavelength =\",round(lamda_g,3),\"cms\"\n", - "print \"Phase constant =\",round(B,3)\n", - "print \"Phase velocity =\",round(Vp,3),\"m/sec\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Solutions obtained in the textbook are incorrect due to calculation mistake in lamda_g\n", - "Guide wavelength = 5.039 cms\n", - "Phase constant = 1.247\n", - "Phase velocity = 33593550657.4 m/sec\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 55 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.15, Page number 152" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "lamda_o1 = 10 #cms\n", - "lamda_o2 = 5 #cms\n", - "#lamda_c for different modes\n", - "TE10 = 16 #cms\n", - "TM11 = 7.16 #cms\n", - "TM21 = 5.6 #cms\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#For any wave to be propagated, lamda_c>lamda_o\n", - "\n", - "#Part(i)\n", - "x = [TE10, TM11, TM21]\n", - "#largest=x[0]\n", - "for large in x:\n", - " if large > lamda_o1:\n", - " largest=large\n", - "print \"Part(i)\\nSince lamda_c =\",(largest),\"which is greater than lamda_o1, only TE10 mode propagates\"\n", - "\n", - "#Part(ii)\n", - "print \"\\nPart(ii)\"\n", - "if TE10>lamda_o2:\n", - " print \"TE10 mode propagates\"\n", - " if TM11>lamda_o2:\n", - " print \"TM11 mode propagates\"\n", - " if TM21>lamda_o2:\n", - " print \"TM21 mode propagates\"\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Part(i)\n", - "Since lamda_c = 16 which is greater than lamda_o1, only TE10 mode propagates\n", - "\n", - "Part(ii)\n", - "TE10 mode propagates\n", - "TM11 mode propagates\n", - "TM21 mode propagates\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 35 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.16, Page number 152" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 3 #length of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "b = 2 #breadth of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "f = 10.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation(cm/s)\n", - "n = 120*math.pi #intrinsic impedance\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_c = (2*a*b)/(math.sqrt(a**2+b**2))\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "Ztm = n*math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Solution obtained in the textbook are incorrect due to calculation mistake in Ztm\"\n", - "print \"characteristic wave impedance =\",round(Ztm,3),\"Ohms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Solution obtained in the textbook are incorrect due to calculation mistake in Ztm\n", - "characteristic wave impedance = 163.242 Ohms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 71 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.17, Page number 152" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 6.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation(cm/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "fc = 0.8*f\n", - "lamda_c = c/fc\n", - "D = (lamda_c*1.841)/math.pi\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "lamda_g = lamda_o/(math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2)))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"diameter of waveguide =\",round(D,4),\"cms\"\n", - "print \"guide wavelength =\",round(lamda_g,3),\"cms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "diameter of waveguide = 3.6626 cms\n", - "guide wavelength = 8.333 cms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 65 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.18, Page number 153" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 1.5 #length of waveguide(cms)\n", - "b = 1 #breadth of waveguide(cms)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation\n", - "Er = 4 #dielectric\n", - "f = 6*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations and Results\n", - "lamda_c = 2*a\n", - "fc = c/lamda_c\n", - "if f<fc:\n", - " print \"The impressed frequency of 6GHz is less than the cut-off frequency and hence the signal will not pass through the guide\"\n", - "lamda1 = c/f\n", - "if lamda1>lamda_c:\n", - " print \"Since the wavelength of the impressed signal is longer than the cut-off wavelength, there is no propagation of wave\"\n", - "lamda2 = lamda1/math.sqrt(Er)\n", - "if lamda2<lamda1:\n", - " print \"The signal with 6GHz frequency will pass through the dielectric load waveguide\"\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The impressed frequency of 6GHz is less than the cut-off frequency and hence the signal will not pass through the guide\n", - "Since the wavelength of the impressed signal is longer than the cut-off wavelength, there is no propagation of wave\n", - "The signal with 6GHz frequency will pass through the dielectric load waveguide\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 2 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.19, Page number 153" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 1.5*10**-2 #length of rectangular waveguide(m)\n", - "b = 1 #breadth of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "f = 6*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "m = 1\n", - "n = 0\n", - "mu = 4*math.pi*10**-7\n", - "e = 8.854*10**-12\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#For dominant TE10 mode,\n", - "lamda_c = 2*a\n", - "fc = c/lamda_c\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "alpha = math.sqrt((((m*math.pi)/a)**2)+(((n*math.pi)/b)**2)- ((w**2)*mu*e))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The amount of attenuation is\",round(alpha,2),\"nepass/m\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The amount of attenuation is 167.49 nepass/m\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 21 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.20, Page number 154" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 3\n", - "b = 1\n", - "f = 9.*10**9\n", - "Emax = 3.*10**3\n", - "c = 3.*10**10\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "lamda_c = 2*a\n", - "lamda_g = lamda_o/(math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2)))\n", - "P = 6.63*10**-4*Emax**2*a*b*(lamda_o/lamda_g)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"Solution obtained in the textbook are incorrect due to calculation mistake in lamda_g\"\n", - "print \"The maximum power handling capacity of the waveguide =\",round((P/1E+3),3),\"kW\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Solution obtained in the textbook are incorrect due to calculation mistake in lamda_g\n", - "The maximum power handling capacity of the waveguide = 14.884 kW\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 75 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.21, Page number 154" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 9*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "d = 5 #internal diameter(cms)\n", - "Emax = 300 #maximum field strength(V/cm)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "#For domnant mode TE11,\n", - "lamda_c = (math.pi*d)/1.841\n", - "lamda_g = lamda_o/math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n", - "Pmax = 0.498*(Emax**2)*(d**2)*(lamda_o/lamda_g)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Maximum power =\",round((Pmax/1E+6),3),\"*10^6 W\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Maximum power = 1.049 *10^6 W\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 76 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.22, Page number 155" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Varaible declaration\n", - "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "f = 30.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "a = 1 #length(cm)\n", - "b = 1 #breadth(cm)\n", - "n = 120*math.pi\n", - "\n", - "#Calclations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "lamda_c = 2.*a\n", - "Zte = n/(math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2)))\n", - "#Since 1hp = 746 watt = Pmax,\n", - "Pmax = 746\n", - "Emax = math.sqrt((Pmax*4*Zte)/(a*b))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Solution obtained in the textbook are incorrect as the value of a & b is taken wrong\"\n", - "print \"Peak value of electric field is\",round(Emax,3),\"V/m\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Solution obtained in the textbook are incorrect as the value of a & b is taken wrong\n", - "Peak value of electric field is 1139.724 V/m\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 83 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.23, Page number 155" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 2.3 #length of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "b = 1.0 #breadth of rectangular waveguide(cms)\n", - "f = 9.375*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "x = (1-((lamda_o/(2*a))**2))**0.5\n", - "Pbd = 597*a*b*x\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Breakdown power =\",round(Pbd,3),\"W\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Breakdown power = 986.406 W\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 35 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 4.24, Page number 156" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "d = 5. #internal diameter(cms)\n", - "a = d/2\n", - "f = 9.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "c = 3.*10**10 #velocity of propagation\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "lamda_o = c/f\n", - "lamda_c = (math.pi*d)/1.841\n", - "fc = c/lamda_c\n", - "x = (1 - ((fc/f)**2))**0.5\n", - "Pbd = 1790.*a*a*x\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Breakdown power =\",round((Pbd/1E+3),3),\"kW\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Breakdown power = 10.298 kW\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 88 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_5.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_5.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index dae9fa40..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_5.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,193 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:2fe50082340642dd8429d3545371d7b4c451ffac9b445487719541932115a705" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chpater 5:Cavity Resonators" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.1, Page number 174" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 3 #radius of circular waveguide(cm)\n", - "fo = 10*10**9 #frequency for TM011 mode(Hz)\n", - "P01 = 2.405\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of proapagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "d = math.sqrt((math.pi**2)/(((4*math.pi**2)/9)-((P01/a)**2)))\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The minimum distance between two plates is\",round(d,2),\"cms\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The minimum distance between two plates is 1.62 cms\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 3 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.2, Page number 174" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "a = 2.\n", - "b = 1.\n", - "d = 3.\n", - "#For dominant mode TE101,\n", - "m = 1.\n", - "n = 0\n", - "p = 1.\n", - "\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "fo = (c/2)*(((m/a)**2+(n/b)**2+(p/d)**2))**0.5\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The lowest resonating frequency of a rectangular cavity resonator is\",round((fo/1E+9),2),\"Ghz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The lowest resonating frequency of a rectangular cavity resonator is 9.01 Ghz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 8 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.3, Page number 175" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "D = 12.5 #diameter of resonator(cm)\n", - "d = 5 #length of resonator(cm)\n", - "P01 = 2.405 #dominant mode TM01\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#For TM012 mode,\n", - "m = 1\n", - "n = 0\n", - "p = 2\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "a = D/2\n", - "fo = (c/(2*math.pi))*((P01/a)**2+((p*math.pi)/d)**2)**0.5\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The resonanat frequency of a circular resonator is\",round((fo/1E+9),2),\"GHz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The resonanat frequency of a circular resonator is 6.27 GHz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 14 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 5.4, Page number 175" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "a = 3.\n", - "b = 2.\n", - "d = 4.\n", - "#For dominant mode TE101,\n", - "m = 1.\n", - "n = 0\n", - "p = 1.\n", - "\n", - "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propagation(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "fo = (c/2)*(((m/a)**2+(n/b)**2+(p/d)**2))**0.5\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The lowest resonating frequency of a circular resonator is\",round((fo/1E+9),2),\"Ghz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The lowest resonating frequency of a circular resonator is 6.25 Ghz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 15 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_6.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_6.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 28637666..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_6.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,530 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "Chapter 6"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 6: Microwave components"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.2, Page number 234"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "from numpy import array\n",
- "import cmath\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "S = array([[0,0.3+0.4j], [0.3+0.4j, 0]], dtype=complex)\n",
- "B = 34.3 #rad/sec\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "phi-1 = [[e^(-j*phi-1), 0]\n",
- " [0 1]]\n",
- "phi1 = 53.13\n",
- "l = math.radians(phi1)/B\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The distance is\",round(l,5),\"m\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The distance is 0.02703 m\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 17
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.3, Page number 236"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "D = 30 #directiviy(dB)\n",
- "s = 1 #VSWR\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#since C = -10*log(p1/p4),therefore,\n",
- "S41 = math.sqrt(0.1)\n",
- "S14=S41 #as matched and lossless\n",
- "\n",
- "#Now, D = 10*log(p4/p3)\n",
- "S31=math.sqrt(S41**2/10**3)\n",
- "S13=S31\n",
- "\n",
- "S11 = ((s-1)/(s+1))\n",
- "S22=S11\n",
- "S33=S11\n",
- "S44=S11\n",
- "\n",
- "#Let input power be given at port 1\n",
- "S21 = math.sqrt(1-S31**2-S41**2)\n",
- "S12=S21\n",
- "\n",
- "S34 = math.sqrt((1+S12**2-10**-1-10**-4)*0.5)\n",
- "S43=S34\n",
- "\n",
- "S23 = math.sqrt(1-10**-4-S34**2)\n",
- "S32=S23\n",
- "\n",
- "S24 = math.sqrt(1-10**-1-S34**2)\n",
- "S42=S24\n",
- "\n",
- "S = array([[S11,S12,S13,S14],[S21,S22,S23,S24],[S31,S32,S33,S34],[S41,S42,S43,S44]])\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The required S-parameters are:\\n\\n\",S"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The required S-parameters are:\n",
- "\n",
- "[[ 0. 0.94863059 0.01 0.31622777]\n",
- " [ 0.94863059 0. 0.31622777 0.01 ]\n",
- " [ 0.01 0.31622777 0. 0.94863059]\n",
- " [ 0.31622777 0.01 0.94863059 0. ]]\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 39
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.4, Page number 238"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "a1 = 32 #signal power(mW) to port 1\n",
- "a2 = 0 #power fed to port 2\n",
- "a3 = 0 #power fed to port 3\n",
- "s = array([[0.5,-0.5,math.sqrt(0.5)],[-0.5,0.5,math.sqrt(0.5)],[math.sqrt(0.5),math.sqrt(0.5),0]]) #s-matrix for H-plane Tee\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "p = array([a1,a2,a3])\n",
- "b = (s**2)*p\n",
- "print \"[b]=\\n\",b\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"\\nPower at port 1 =\",b[0,0],\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"Power at port 2 =\",b[1,0],\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"Power at port 3 =\",b[2,0],\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"It can be seen that b3=b1+b2\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "[b]=\n",
- "[[ 8. 0. 0.]\n",
- " [ 8. 0. 0.]\n",
- " [ 16. 0. 0.]]\n",
- "\n",
- "Power at port 1 = 8.0 mW\n",
- "Power at port 2 = 8.0 mW\n",
- "Power at port 3 = 16.0 mW\n",
- "It can be seen that b3=b1+b2\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 59
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.5, Page number 239"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "from numpy import array\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "s = array([[0.5,-0.5,math.sqrt(0.5)],[-0.5,0.5,math.sqrt(0.5)],[math.sqrt(0.5),math.sqrt(0.5),0]]) #s-matrix for H-plane Tee\n",
- "b1=10*10**-3 #power at port 1\n",
- "b2=10*10**-3 #power at port 2\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "rho1=(60.-50.)/(60.+50.)\n",
- "rho2=(75.-50.)/(75.+50.)\n",
- "P1=0.5*b1**2*(1-rho1**2)\n",
- "P2=0.5*b2**2*(1-rho2**2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"The solution given in the textbook is incorrect.\\n\"\n",
- "print \"Power delivered to port 1 =\",round((P1/1E-3),3),\"mW\"\n",
- "print \"Power delivered to port 2 =\",round((P2/1E-3),3),\"mW\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The solution given in the textbook is incorrect.\n",
- "\n",
- "Power delivered to port 1 = 0.05 mW\n",
- "Power delivered to port 2 = 0.048 mW\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 16
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.7, Page number 240"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "from numpy import array\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Il=0.5 #inserion loss(dB)\n",
- "Is = 30 #isolation loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#Il = -20log(S21)\n",
- "S21 = 10**(-Il/20)\n",
- "#Is = -20log(S12)\n",
- "S12 = 10**(-Is/20)\n",
- "#Perfectly matched ports\n",
- "S11=0\n",
- "S22=0\n",
- "\n",
- "S = array([[S11,S12],[S21,S22]])\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The scattering matrix is:\\n\",S\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The scattering matrix is:\n",
- "[[ 0. 0.01 ]\n",
- " [ 0.94406088 0. ]]\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 24
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.9, Page number 241"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "from numpy import array\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Il= 0.5 #inserion loss(dB)\n",
- "Is = 20 #isolation loss(dB)\n",
- "S = 2 #VSWR\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#Il = -20log(S21)\n",
- "S21 = 10**(-Il/20)\n",
- "#For circulator,\n",
- "S32=S21\n",
- "S13=S21\n",
- "\n",
- "#Is = -20log(S12)\n",
- "S12 = 10**(-Is/20)\n",
- "#For circulator,\n",
- "S23=S12\n",
- "S31=S12\n",
- "\n",
- "rho = (S-1.)/(S+1.)\n",
- "#For circulator,\n",
- "S11=rho\n",
- "S22=rho\n",
- "S33=rho\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "S = array([[S11,S12,S13],[S21,S22,S23],[S31,S32,S33]])\n",
- "print \"[S]=\\n\",S\n",
- "#For a perfectly matched, non-reciprocal, lossless 3-port circulator, [s] is given by,\n",
- " [S21 0 0 ]\n",
- "#The terminal planes are such that phase angles of S13=S21=S32=1\n",
- "S13_new=1\n",
- "S21_new=1\n",
- "S32_new=1\n",
- "S_new = array([[0,0,S13_new],[S21_new,0,0],[0,S32_new,0]])\n",
- "print \"\\nThe scattering matrix now becomes [S]=\\n\",S_new"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "[S]=\n",
- "[[ 0.33333333 0.1 0.94406088]\n",
- " [ 0.94406088 0.33333333 0.1 ]\n",
- " [ 0.1 0.94406088 0.33333333]]\n",
- "\n",
- "The scattering matrix now becomes [S]=\n",
- "[[0 0 1]\n",
- " [1 0 0]\n",
- " [0 1 0]]\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.10, Page number 242\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Pi = 90. #power source(W)\n",
- "C = 20 #dB\n",
- "D = 35 #dB\n",
- "Is = 0.5 #insertion loss(dB)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#C = 20=10log(Pi/Pf)\n",
- "Pf = Pi/(10**(20./10.))\n",
- "#D=350=10log(Pf/Pb)\n",
- "Pb = Pf/(10**(35./10.))\n",
- "Pr = Pi-Pf-Pb #received power\n",
- "Pr_db = 10*math.log10(Pi/Pr)\n",
- "Pr_dash=Pr_db-Is\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The output power at the port is\",round(Pr_dash,3),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The output power at the port is -0.456 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 34
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.11, Page number 243"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "[S] = [[0.05/_30 0.96/_0 0.1/_90 0.05/_90]\n",
- " [0.96/_0 0.05/_30 0.05/_90 0.1/_90 ]\n",
- " [0.1/_90 0.05/_90 0.05/_30 0.96/_0 ]\n",
- " [0.05/_90 0.1/_90 0.96/_0 0.05/_30]]\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#Coupling = C=10log(P1/P3)=-20log|S13|\n",
- "C = -20*math.log10(0.1)\n",
- "#Directivity = D=10log(P3/P4)=20log(|S13|/|S14|)\n",
- "D = 20*math.log10(0.1/0.05)\n",
- "#Isolation =I=10log(P3/P4)=10log(P1/P4)=-20log|S14|\n",
- "I = -20*math.log10(0.05)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"Coupling =\",C,\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Directivity =\",round(D,2),\"dB\"\n",
- "print \"Isolation =\",round(I,2),\"dB\"\n",
- "\n",
- " "
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Coupling = 20.0 dB\n",
- "Directivity = 6.02 dB\n",
- "Isolation = 26.02 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 43
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.12, Page number 244"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "lamda2 = 3.5 #distance between 2 minimas(cm)\n",
- "lamda_g = 7 #guided wavelength(cm)\n",
- "d2_1 = 2.5*10**-1 #distance between minimum power points(cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "S = lamda_g/(math.pi*d2_1)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"VSWR =\",round(S,4)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "VSWR = 8.9127\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 46
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 6.13, Page number 244"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "lamda_g = 7.2 #guided wavelength(cm)\n",
- "rn = 10.5 #position of reference null(cm)\n",
- "rn_new = 9.3 #new position of reference null due to component(cm)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "pd = rn - rn_new #path difference due to component(cm)\n",
- "ps = (2*math.pi*pd)/lamda_g #phase shift introduced\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \"The phase shift component is\",round(ps,3)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The phase shift component is 1.047\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 48
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_7.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_7.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 5b27b735..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_7.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,185 +0,0 @@ -{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "Chapter 7"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 7:Microwave Measurements"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.1, Page number 278"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "f = 10*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n",
- "a = 4 #length of waveguide(cms)\n",
- "b = 2.5 #breadth of waveguide(cms)\n",
- "d = 1*10**-1 #d2- d1(m)\n",
- "c = 3*10**10 #velocity of propgation(m/s)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "lamda_c = 2*a\n",
- "lamda_o = c/f\n",
- "lamda_g = lamda_o/math.sqrt(1-((lamda_o/lamda_c)**2))\n",
- "s = lamda_g/(math.pi*d)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"VSWR =\",round(s)\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "VSWR = 10.0\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.2, Page number 279"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaation & Calculations\n",
- "Pi = 3*10**-3*100 #incident power(w)\n",
- "Pr = 0.1*10**-3*100 #reflected power(W)\n",
- "rho = math.sqrt(Pr/Pi)\n",
- "s = (1+rho)/(1-rho)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"Reflected power =\",round(rho,2),\"W\"\n",
- "print \"VSWR =\",round(s,2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Reflected power = 0.18 W\n",
- "VSWR = 1.45\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.3, Page number 279"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "Pr = 0.15*10**-3 #reflected power(W)\n",
- "Pi = 2.5*10**-3 #incident power(W)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "rho = math.sqrt(Pr/Pi)\n",
- "s = (1+rho)/(1-rho)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"VSWR =\",round(s,2)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "VSWR = 1.65\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 10
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 7.4, Page number 279"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "\n",
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Variable declaration\n",
- "s = 2. #VSWR\n",
- "Pi = 4.5*10**-3*1000 #incident power(W)\n",
- "c = 30 #couplers\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculations\n",
- "#s = (1+rho)/(1-rho)\n",
- "rho = (s-1)/(s+1)\n",
- "Pr = rho**2*Pi\n",
- "\n",
- "#Results\n",
- "print \"Reflected power =\",Pr,\"W\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "Reflected power = 0.5 W\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 19
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_8.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_8.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 7dc18da5..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_8.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,972 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:35777e633db88a5618cd88c47986862d4ccaaacc3cda8478283a81851ed8d31c" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 8: Microwave Tubes and Circuits" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.1, Page number 336" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vo = 14.5*10**3 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "i = 1.4 #beam current(A)\n", - "f = 10*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "rho_o = 10**-6 #dc electron charge density(c/m^3)\n", - "rho = 10**-8 #RF charge density(c/m^3)\n", - "V = 10**5 #velocity perturbations(m/s)\n", - "eo = 8.854*10**-12\n", - "R = 0.4\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "vo = 0.593*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo) #dc electron velocity\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "w = 2.*math.pi*f\n", - "ip = w/vo #dc phase current\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "wp = math.sqrt((1.759*10**11*rho_o)/eo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "wq = R*wp\n", - "\n", - "#Part e\n", - "Jo = rho_o * vo\n", - "\n", - "#Part f\n", - "J = rho*vo+rho_o*V\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"dc electron velocity =\",round((vo/1E+8),3),\"*10**8 m/sec\"\n", - "print \"dc phase curent =\",round(ip,2),\"rad/sec (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\"\n", - "print \"plasma frequency =\",round((wp/1E+8),2),\"*10**8 rad/sec\"\n", - "print \"Reduced plasma frequency =\",round((wq/1E+8),3),\"*10**8 rad/sec\"\n", - "print \"dc beam current density =\",round(Jo,2), \"A/m^2\"\n", - "print \"instantaeneous beam current density =\",round(J,3),\"A/m^2\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "dc electron velocity = 0.714 *10**8 m/sec\n", - "dc phase curent = 879.92 rad/sec (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\n", - "plasma frequency = 1.41 *10**8 rad/sec\n", - "Reduced plasma frequency = 0.564 *10**8 rad/sec\n", - "dc beam current density = 71.41 A/m^2\n", - "instantaeneous beam current density = 0.814 A/m^2\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 73 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.2, Page number 337" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Av = 15. #voltage gain(dB)\n", - "Pin = 5*10**-3 #input power(W)\n", - "Rsh_in = 30*10**3 #Rsh of input cavity(Ohms)\n", - "Rsh_out = 20.*10**3 #Rsh of output cavity(Ohms)\n", - "Rl = 40*10**4 #load impedance(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "V1 = math.sqrt(Pin*Rsh_in) #input rms voltage\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "#Av = 20log(V2/V1) db\n", - "V2 = V1*10**(Av/20) #deriving V2 from above equation\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "Pout = (V2**2)/Rsh_out #output power\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"input rms voltage =\",round(V1,2),\"V\"\n", - "print \"output rms voltage =\",round(V2,2),\"V\"\n", - "print \"output power =\",round((Pout/1E-3),2),\"mW\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "input rms voltage = 12.25 V\n", - "output rms voltage = 68.87 V\n", - "output power = 237.17 mW\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 50 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.3, Page number 338" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "a\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "n = 2 #no. of modes\n", - "Vo = 300 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 20*10**-3 #beam current(A)\n", - "J1X = 1.25\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "Pdc = Vo*Io #input power\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Pac = (2*Pdc*J1X)/(2*math.pi*n-(math.pi/2))\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "N = (Pac/Pdc)*100. #efficiency\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Input power =\",round(Pdc,2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Output power =\",round(Pac,2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Efficiency =\",round(N,2),\"%\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Input power = 6.0 W\n", - "Output power = 1.36 W\n", - "Efficiency = 22.74 %\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 60 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.4, Page number 338" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Varaible declaration\n", - "Vo = 900 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 30*10**-3 #beam current(A)\n", - "f = 8*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "d = 1*10**-3 #gap spacing in either cavity(m)\n", - "L = 4*10**-2 #spacing between centers of cavities(m)\n", - "Rsh = 40*10**3 #effective shunt impedance(Ohms)\n", - "J1X = 0.582\n", - "X = 1.841\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "vo = 0.593*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "To = L/vo\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "theta_o = w*To\n", - "theta_g = (w*d)/vo\n", - "Bo = math.sin(theta_g/2)/(theta_g/2)\n", - "V1_max = (Vo*3.68)/(Bo*theta_o)\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "Ro = Vo/Io\n", - "Av = ((Bo**2)*theta_o*J1X*Rsh)/(Ro*X)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Electron velocity =\",round((vo/1E+6),2),\"*10**6 m/sec\"\n", - "print \"dc transit time of electrons =\",round((To/1E-8),3),\"*10**-8 sec\"\n", - "print \"Maximum input voltage =\",round(V1_max,3),\"V\"\n", - "print \"Volatge gain =\",round(Av,3),\"V\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Electron velocity = 17.79 *10**6 m/sec\n", - "dc transit time of electrons = 0.225 *10**-8 sec\n", - "Maximum input voltage = 41.923 V\n", - "Volatge gain = 23.278 V\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 86 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.5, Page number 339" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vo = 1200. #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 28*10**-3 #beam current(A)\n", - "f = 8*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "d = 1*10**-3 #gap spacing in either cavity(m)\n", - "L = 4.*10**-2 #spacing between centers of cavities(m)\n", - "Rsh = 40*10**3 #effective shunt impedance(Ohms)\n", - "J1X = 0.582\n", - "X = 1.841\n", - "Go = 23.3*10**-6\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "vo = 0.593*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "theta_o = (w*L)/vo\n", - "theta_g = (w*d)/vo\n", - "Bo = math.sin(theta_g/2)/(theta_g/2)\n", - "V1_max = (Vo*3.68)/(Bo*theta_o)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Ro = Vo/Io\n", - "Av = ((Bo**2)*theta_o*J1X*Rsh)/(Ro*X)\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "V2 = 2*Io*J1X*Bo*Rsh\n", - "N = ((0.58*V2)/Vo)*100\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "Gb = (Go*((Bo**2)-(Bo*math.cos(theta_g))))/2\n", - "Rb = 1/Gb\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The input microwave voltage V1 in order to generate maximum output voltage is\",round(V1_max,2),\"V\"\n", - "print \"The voltage gain (reflecting beam loading in the output cavity) is\",round(Av,3)\n", - "print \"The efficiency of the amplifier neglecting beam loading is\",round(N,3),\"%\" \n", - "print \"The beam loading conductance is\",round((Rb/1E+3),2),\"K Ohms (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\"\n", - "print \"The value of\",round((Rb/1E+3),2),\"K Ohms is very much comparable to Rsh and cannot be neglected because theta_g is quite high\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The input microwave voltage V1 in order to generate maximum output voltage is 58.71 V\n", - "The voltage gain (reflecting beam loading in the output cavity) is 17.058\n", - "The efficiency of the amplifier neglecting beam loading is 48.427 %\n", - "The beam loading conductance is 72.68 K Ohms (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\n", - "The value of 72.68 K Ohms is very much comparable to Rsh and cannot be neglected because theta_g is quite high\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 111 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.6, Page number 341" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vo = 500. #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Rsh = 20*10**3 #effective shunt impedance(Ohms)\n", - "f = 8*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "L = 1.*10**-3 #spacing between centers of cavities(m)\n", - "n = 2\n", - "e_m = 1.759*10**11\n", - "V1 = 200\n", - "J1X = 0.582\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "x = (e_m*((2*math.pi*n)-(math.pi/2))**2)/(8*(w**2)*(L**2))\n", - "y = math.sqrt(Vo/x)\n", - "Vr = y+Vo\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Bo = 1 #Assumption\n", - "Io = V1/(2*J1X*Rsh)\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "vo = 0.593*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "theta_o = (w*2*L*vo)/(e_m*(Vr+Vo))\n", - "Bi = 1 #Assumption\n", - "X_dash = (V1*theta_o)/(2*Vo)\n", - "X = 1.51 #from graph\n", - "J1X = 0.84\n", - "N = ((2*J1X)/((2*math.pi*n)-(math.pi/2)))*100\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The value of repeller voltage is\",round(Vr,2),\"V (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\"\n", - "print \"The dc necesaary to give the microwave gap of voltage of 200V is\",round((Io/1E-3),2),\"mA\"\n", - "print \"The elctron efficiency is\", round(N,2),\"%\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The value of repeller voltage is 1189.36 V (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\n", - "The dc necesaary to give the microwave gap of voltage of 200V is 8.59 mA\n", - "The elctron efficiency is 15.28 %\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 41 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.7, Page number 342" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "n = 1 #no. of modes\n", - "Pdc = 40*10**-3 #input power(W)\n", - "V1_Vo = 0.278 #ratio\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "N = (V1_Vo*3*math.pi)/4\n", - "\n", - "#Part b \n", - "Pout = (8.91*Pdc)/100\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "Pl = (Pout*80)/100\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The efficiency of the reflex klystron is\",round(N,3)\n", - "print \"The total power output is\",round((Pout/1E-3),2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"The power delivered to the load is\",round((Pl/1E-3),2),\"W\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - " The efficiency of the reflex klystron is 0.655\n", - "The total power output is 3.56 W\n", - "The power delivered to the load is 2.85 W\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 23 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.8, Page number 343" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "a = 0.15 #inner raddius(m)\n", - "b = 0.45 #outer radius(m)\n", - "Bo = 1.2*10**-3 #magnetic flux density(Wb/m^2)\n", - "Vo = 6000. #beam voltage(V)\n", - "e = 1.759*10**11\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "V = (e*Bo*(b**2)*(1-(a**2/b**2))**2)/8\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Bc = math.sqrt(8*Vo)/(e**2)*b*(1-(a**2/b**2))**2\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "wc = (e*Bo)/(math.pi*2)\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Please note that here are calculation errors in this problem. Hence, the difference in answers\\n\"\n", - "print \"Hull cut-off voltage =\",round((V/1E+3),2),\"kV\"\n", - "print \"Cut-off magnetic flux density =\",((Bc/1E-3)),\"mwb/m^2\"\n", - "print \"Cyclotron frequency =\",round(wc,2),\"Hz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Please note that here are calculation errors in this problem. Hence, the difference in answers\n", - "\n", - "Hull cut-off voltage = 4221.6 kV\n", - "Cut-off magnetic flux density = 2.51765610822e-18 mwb/m^2\n", - "Cyclotron frequency = 33594425.39 Hz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.9, Page number 343" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "d = 2*10**-3 #diameter of helical TWT(m)\n", - "n = 50. #no. of turns per cm\n", - "v = 3*10**8 #velocity of light(m/s)\n", - "m = 9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron\n", - "e = 1.6*10**-19 #charge on electron\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "p = 1/n*10**-2 #pitch(m)\n", - "c = math.pi*d #circumference(m)\n", - "Vp = (v*p)/c \n", - "\n", - "Vo = (m*(Vp**2))/(2*e)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Axial phase velociity =\",round(Vp,2),\"m/sec\"\n", - "print \"Anode voltage =\",round(Vo,2),\"V(Calculation mistake in the textbook)\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Axial phase velociity = 9549296.59 m/sec\n", - "Anode voltage = 259.32 V(Calculation mistake in the textbook)\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 8 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.10, Page number 344" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vo = 900 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 30.*10**-3 #beam current(A)\n", - "f = 8.*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "d = 1.*10**-3 #gap spacing in either cavity(m)\n", - "L = 4.*10**-2 #spacing between centres of cavity(m)\n", - "Rsh = 40.*10**3 #effective shunt impedance(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "vo = 0.593*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Tt = d/vo\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "theta_g = (w*d)/vo\n", - "Bo = math.sin(theta_g/2)/(theta_g/2) #Beam coupling coefficient\n", - "theta_o = (w*L)/vo #dc transit angle\n", - "#For maximum o/p volltage,\n", - "J1X = 0.582\n", - "X = 1.841\n", - "V1max = (2*Vo*X)/(Bo*theta_o)\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "Av = (Bo**2*theta_o*J1X*Rsh)/(Io*X)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"dc electron velocity =\",round((vo/1E+7),1),\"*10**7 m/sec\"\n", - "print \"Transit time =\",round((Tt/1E-10),2),\"*10^-10 s\"\n", - "print \"Input voltage for maximum output voltage =\",round(V1max,2),\"V\"\n", - "print \"Voltage gain =\",round((Av/1E+6),2),\"dB\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "dc electron velocity = 1.8 *10**7 m/sec\n", - "Transit time = 0.56 *10^-10 s\n", - "Input voltage for maximum output voltage = 41.95 V\n", - "Voltage gain = 23.28 dB\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 7 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.11, Page number 345" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vo = 20*10**3 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 2 #beam current(A)\n", - "f = 9*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "rho_o = 10**-6 #dc electron charge density(c/m^3)\n", - "rho = 10**-8 #RF charge density(c/m^3)\n", - "V = 10**5 #velocity perturbations(m/s)\n", - "eo = 8.854*10**-12\n", - "R = 0.5\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "vo = 0.59*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "w = 2.*math.pi*f\n", - "ip = w/vo #dc phase current\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "wp = math.sqrt((1.759*10**11*rho_o)/eo)\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "wq = R*wp\n", - "\n", - "#Part e\n", - "Jo = rho_o * vo\n", - "\n", - "#Part f\n", - "J = rho*vo-rho_o*V\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"dc electron velocity =\",round((vo/1E+7),3),\"*10**7 m/sec\"\n", - "print \"dc phase constant =\",round(ip,2),\"rad/sec (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\"\n", - "print \"plasma frequency =\",round((wp/1E+8),2),\"*10**8 rad/sec\"\n", - "print \"Reduced plasma frequency =\",round((wq/1E+8),3),\"*10**8 rad/sec\"\n", - "print \"dc beam current density =\",round(Jo,2), \"A/m^2\"\n", - "print \"instantaeneous beam current density =\",round(J,2),\"A/m^2\"\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "dc electron velocity = 8.344 *10**7 m/sec\n", - "dc phase constant = 677.73 rad/sec (Calculation mistake in the textbook)\n", - "plasma frequency = 1.41 *10**8 rad/sec\n", - "Reduced plasma frequency = 0.705 *10**8 rad/sec\n", - "dc beam current density = 83.44 A/m^2\n", - "instantaeneous beam current density = 0.73 A/m^2\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 71 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.12, Page number 345" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 5*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "Vo = 1000 #operating voltage(V)\n", - "n = 1.75 #no. of turns\n", - "Vr = -500 #repeller voltage(V)\n", - "d = 2*10**-3 #cavity gap(m)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "uo = 5.93*10**5*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "theta_g = (w*d)/uo\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Transit angle =\",round(theta_g,2),\"radians\"\n", - "print \"\\nThe length of drift region cannot be computed as the value of F is not given\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Transit angle = 3.35 radians\n", - "\n", - "The length of drift region cannot be computed as the value of F is not given\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 8 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.13, Page number 346" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 10*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "Vo = 1200 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 30*10**-3 #beam current(A)\n", - "d = 1*10**-3 #diameter(m)\n", - "Rsh = 40*10**3 #shunt resistance(Ohms)\n", - "L = 4*10**-2 #length(m)\n", - "X = 1.84\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "vo = 0.59*10**6*math.sqrt(Vo)\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "theta_o = (w*L)/vo\n", - "V1 = (2*X*Vo)/theta_o\n", - "theta_g = (theta_o*d)/L\n", - "Bi = (math.sin(theta_g/2))/(theta_g/2)\n", - "V1max = V1/Bi\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "J1X = 0.58 #from table\n", - "I2 = 2*Io*J1X\n", - "V2 = Bi*I2*Rsh\n", - "A = V2/V1\n", - "Av = 20*math.log10(A)\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "N = ((0.58*V2)/Vo)*100\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Input RF voltage is\",round(V1max,2),\"V\" \n", - "print \"Voltage gain is\",round(Av,2),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"efficiency is\",round(N,2),\"%\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Input RF voltage is 55.23 V\n", - "Voltage gain is 28.03 dB\n", - "efficiency is 43.75 %\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 17 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.14, Page number 347" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vo = 30*10**3 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Io = 80 #beam current(A)\n", - "Bo = 0.01 #Wb/m**2\n", - "a = 4*10**-2 #length of magnetron(m)\n", - "b = 8*10**-2 #breadth of magnetron(m)\n", - "e = 1.6*10**-19 #charge on electron(C)\n", - "m = 9.1*10**-31 #mass of electron\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "w = (e*Bo)/m\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Vhc = (e*(Bo**2)*(b**2)*((1-((a/b)**2))**2))/(8*m)\n", - "\n", - "#PArt c\n", - "Bc = ((8*Vo*(m/e))**0.5)/(b*(1-((a/b)**2)))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Cyclotron angular frequency =\",round((w/1E+9),3),\"*10**9 rad/s\"\n", - "print \"Hull cut-off voltage =\",round((Vhc/1E+3),3),\"kV\"\n", - "print \"Cut-off magnetic flux density =\",round((Bc/1E-3),3),\"mWb/m**2\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Cyclotron angular frequency = 1.758 *10**9 rad/s\n", - "Hull cut-off voltage = 7.912 kV\n", - "Cut-off magnetic flux density = 19.472 mWb/m**2\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 26 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.15, Page number 348" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "n = 2 #mode\n", - "Vo = 280 #beam volatge(V)\n", - "Io = 22*10**-3 #beam current(A)\n", - "V1 = 30 #signal voltage(V)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "Pdc = Vo*Io\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "J1X = 1.25 #from table\n", - "Pac = (2*Pdc*J1X)/((2*n*math.pi)-(math.pi/2))\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "N = (Pac/Pdc)*100\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Input power =\",round(Pdc,2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Output power =\",round(Pac,2),\"W\"\n", - "print \"Efficiency =\",round(N,2),\"%\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Input power = 6.16 W\n", - "Output power = 1.4 W\n", - "Efficiency = 22.74 %\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 28 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 8.16, Page number 348" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 8*10**9 #frequency(Hz)\n", - "Vo = 300 #beam voltage(V)\n", - "Rsh = 20*10**3 #shunt resistance(Ohms)\n", - "L = 1*10**-3 #length(m)\n", - "V1 = 200 #gap voltage(V)\n", - "e_m = 1.759*10**11\n", - "n = 2 #mode\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "w = 2*math.pi*f\n", - "x = (e_m*((2*math.pi*n)-(math.pi/2))**2)/(8*(w**2)*(L**2))\n", - "y = math.sqrt(Vo/x)\n", - "Vr = y+Vo\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Bo = 1 #assumption\n", - "J1X = 0.582 #from table\n", - "Io = V1/(2*J1X*Rsh)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Repeller voltage =\",round(Vr,3),\"V\"\n", - "print \"Beam current =\",round((Io/1E-3),2),\"mA\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Repeller voltage = 833.98 V\n", - "Beam current = 8.59 mA\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 37 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_9.ipynb b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_9.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 9e0e63f1..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/Chapter_9.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,612 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:f43deb1cbcb6a316216c1fc44f3f241bda49709364f3041975049a823ac19904" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 9:Solid State Microwave devices" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.1, Page number 411" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "L = 2*10**-6 #drift length(m)\n", - "Vd = 10**7*10**-2 #dfrift velocit(m/s)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "f = Vd/(2*L)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Frequncy of IMPATT diode is\",round((f/1E+9),2),\"GHz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Frequncy of IMPATT diode is 25.0 GHz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.2, Page number 411" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "f = 10*10**9 #operating frequency(Hz)\n", - "L = 75*10**-6 #device length(m)\n", - "V = 25. #voltage pulse amplified(V)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "Eth = V/(L)\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The threshold electric field is\",round((Eth/1E+5),2),\"KV/cm\"\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The threshold electric field is 3.33 KV/cm\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 20 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.3, Page number 411" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "fs = 2*10**9 #signal frequency(Hz)\n", - "fp = 12*10**9 #pump frequency(Hz)\n", - "Ri = 16 #output resistance of signal generator(Ohms)\n", - "Rs = 1*10**3 #resistance of signal generator(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a \n", - "P = 10*math.log10((fp-fs)/fs)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Pc = 10*math.log10((fp+fs)/fs)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Please note that there are calculation mistakes in the textbook. Hence, the difference in answers.\\n\"\n", - "print \"Power gain =\",round(P,2),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Power gain as USB converter =\",round(Pc,2),\"dB\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Please note that there are calculation mistakes in the textbook. Hence, the difference in answers.\n", - "\n", - "Power gain = 6.99 dB\n", - "Power gain as USB converter = 8.45 dB\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 10 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.4, Page number 411" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Es = 12.5 #relative dielectric constant\n", - "N = 3.2*10**22 #donor concentration(/m**3)\n", - "L = 8*10**-6 #length(m)\n", - "Eo = 8.854*10**-12 #dielectric constant\n", - "q = 1.6*10**-19\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "Vc = (q*N*L**2)/(2*Eo*Es)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Vbd = 2*Vc\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "Ebd = Vbd/L\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Critical voltage =\",round((Vc/1E+3),2),\"kV\"\n", - "print \"Breakdown voltage =\",round((Vbd/1E+3),2),\"kV\"\n", - "print \"Breakdown electric field =\",round((Ebd/1E+8),2),\"*10**8 V/cm\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Critical voltage = 1.48 kV\n", - "Breakdown voltage = 2.96 kV\n", - "Breakdown electric field = 3.7 *10**8 V/cm\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 15 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.5, Page number 412" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Na = 2.5*10**16 #doping concentration(/cm**3)\n", - "J = 33*10**3 #current density(A/cm**2)\n", - "q = 1.6*10**-19\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "Vz = J/(q*Na)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The avalanche zone velocity is\",round((Vz/1E+6),2),\"*10**6 cm/s\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The avalanche zone velocity is 8.25 *10**6 cm/s\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 17 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.6, Page number 412" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Rd = -25 #negative resistance(Ohms)\n", - "Rl = 50 #load resistance(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "G = ((Rd-Rl)/(Rd+Rl))**2\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Power gain =\",G" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Power gain = 9\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 20 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.7, Page number 412" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "L = 5.*10**-6 #drift length(m)\n", - "V = 3.3*10**3 #voltagradient(V/cm)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculation\n", - "Vmin = V*L\n", - "\n", - "#Result\n", - "print \"The minimum voltage required is\",round(Vmin,4),\"V\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The minimum voltage required is 0.0165 V\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 37 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.8, Page number 412" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vd = 2*10**7 #drift velocity(cm/s)\n", - "L = 20*10**-6 #active lengh(m)\n", - "Ec = 3.3*10**3 #crtical field(GaAs)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "f = Vd/L\n", - "V = L*Ec\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Please note that there are calculation mistakes in the textbook. Hence, the difference in answers.\\n\"\n", - "print \"Rational frequency =\",round((f/1E+9),2),\"GHz\"\n", - "print \"Critical voltage =\",round(V,3),\"V\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Please note that there are calculation mistakes in the textbook. Hence, the difference in answers.\n", - "\n", - "Rational frequency = 1000.0 GHz\n", - "Critical voltage = 0.066 V\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 40 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.9, Page number 412" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "from math import pi,sqrt\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Cj = 0.5*10**-12 #capacitance of IMPATT diode(F)\n", - "Lp = 0.5*10**-9 #Inductance of IMPATT diode(H)\n", - "Vbd = 100 #breakdown voltage(V)\n", - "Ib = 100*10**-3 #dc bias current(A)\n", - "Ip = 0.8 #peak current(A)\n", - "Rl = 2 #load resistance(Ohms)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "f = 1/(2*pi*sqrt(Lp*Cj))\n", - "Pl = ((Ip**2)*Rl)/2\n", - "Pdc = Vbd*Ib\n", - "N = (Pl/Pdc)*100\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"The resonant frequency is\",round((f/1E+9),1),\"GHz\"\n", - "print \"Efficiency is\",round(N,2),\"%\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "The resonant frequency is 10.1 GHz\n", - "Efficiency is 6.4 %\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 3 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.10, Page number 413" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Vd = 10**5 #carrier dirft velocity(cm/s)\n", - "L = 2*10**-6 #drift length(m)\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "tou = L/Vd\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "f = 1/(2*tou)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Drift time of the carrier is\",round((tou/1E-11),2),\"*10**-11 sec\"\n", - "print \"Operating frequency of diode is\",(f/1E+9),\"GHz\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Drift time of the carrier is 2.0 *10**-11 sec\n", - "Operating frequency of diode is 25.0 GHz\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.11, Page number 413" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "Er = 11.8 #relative dielectric constant\n", - "N = 3*10**21 #donor concentration(m^-3)\n", - "L = 6.2*10**-6 #Si length(m)\n", - "q = 1.6*10**-19 #charge of an electron(C)\n", - "Eo = 8.854*10**-12 #dielctric constant\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "Vbd = (q*N*L**2)/(Eo*Er)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "Ebd = Vbd/L\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Breakdown voltage =\",round(Vbd,1),\"V\"\n", - "print \"Breakdown electric field =\",round((Ebd/1E+7),2),\"*10**7 V/m\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Breakdown voltage = 176.6 V\n", - "Breakdown electric field = 2.85 *10**7 V/m\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 7 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.12, Page number 413" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "rQ = 8. #figure of merit\n", - "fo_fs = 8. #ratio of o/p to i/p frequency\n", - "Td = 300. #diode temperatur(K)\n", - "To = 300. #ambient temperature(K)\n", - "r = 0.2\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "X = rQ**2/fo_fs\n", - "G = (X/((1+math.sqrt(1+X))**2))*fo_fs\n", - "g = 10*math.log10(G)\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "F = 1+((2*Td)/To)*((1/rQ)+(1/rQ**2))\n", - "f = 10*math.log10(F)\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "BW = 2*r*math.sqrt(fo_fs)\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Maximum power gain =\",round(g,2),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Noise figure =\",round(f,2),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Bandwidth =\",round(BW,2)" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Maximum power gain = 6.02 dB\n", - "Noise figure = 1.08 dB\n", - "Bandwidth = 1.13\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 41 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example 9.13, Page number 414" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "\n", - "\n", - "import math\n", - "\n", - "#Variable declaration\n", - "fs = 2*10**9 #signal frequency(Hz)\n", - "fp = 12*10**9 #amplifier frquency(Hz)\n", - "fi = 10*10**9 #input frequency(Hz)\n", - "fd = 5*10**9 #diode frequency(Hz)\n", - "Ri = 1*10**3 #input resistance(Ohms)\n", - "Rg = 1*10**3 #gate resistance(Ohms)\n", - "RTs = 1*10**3 #resistance(Ohms)\n", - "RTi = 1*10**3 #resistance(Ohms)\n", - "r = 0.35 #resistane(Ohms)\n", - "rQ = 10. #figure of merit\n", - "rd = 300 #diode temperature(K)\n", - "C = 0.01*10**-12 #capacitance(F)\n", - "Td = 300\n", - "To = 300\n", - "\n", - "#Calculations\n", - "#Part a\n", - "ws = 2*pi*fs\n", - "wi = 2*pi*fi\n", - "R = (r**2)/(ws*wi*C**2*RTi)\n", - "a = R/RTs\n", - "\n", - "#Part b\n", - "G = (4*fi*Rg*Ri*a)/(fs*RTs*RTi*(1-a)**2)\n", - "g = 10*math.log10(G)\n", - "\n", - "#Part c\n", - "F = 1+((2*Td)/To)*((1/rQ)+(1/rQ**2))\n", - "f = 10*math.log10(F)\n", - "\n", - "#Part d\n", - "BW = (r/2)*math.sqrt(fd/(fs*G))\n", - "\n", - "#Results\n", - "print \"Equivalent noise resistance =\",round(a,2),\"Ohms\"\n", - "print \"Gain =\",round(g,2),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Noise figure =\",round(f,2),\"dB\"\n", - "print \"Bandwidth =\",round(BW,3),\"(Calculation error in the textbook)\"\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "Equivalent noise resistance = 1.55 Ohms\n", - "Gain = 20.09 dB\n", - "Noise figure = 0.86 dB\n", - "Bandwidth = 0.027 (Calculation error in the textbook)\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 5 - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/README.txt b/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/README.txt deleted file mode 100755 index 542f2405..00000000 --- a/Microwave_and_Radar_Engineering/README.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ -Contributed By: Gude Prithvi -Course: btech -College/Institute/Organization: IIT Hyderabad -Department/Designation: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING -Book Title: Microwave and Radar Engineering -Author: M. Kulkarni -Publisher: Umesh Publications, New Delhi -Year of publication: 2008 -Isbn: 81-88114-00-6 -Edition: 3
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