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+{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:a09d4bcf6c9368fe8d58466e4e36512ef92468a06ab7b1aa67d8417eff2354ac"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 8: Pointers"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example getaddr.c, page no. 261"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 4,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Note: There is no concept of pointers in Python. Hence, output may not match for some of the examples."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "a = 100\n",
+ "b = 200\n",
+ "c = 300\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Address: %x contains value: %i\" %(a, a)\n",
+ "print \"Address: %x contains value: %i\" %(b, b)\n",
+ "print \"Address: %x contains value: %i\" %(c, c)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Address: 64 contains value: 100\n",
+ "Address: c8 contains value: 200\n",
+ "Address: 12c contains value: 300\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.1, page no. 263"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "i = 7\n",
+ "f = 10.5\n",
+ "c = 'A'\n",
+ "print \"%d is stored at address %u\" %(i, id(i))\n",
+ "print \"%f is stored at address %u\" %(f, id(f))\n",
+ "print \"%c is stored at address %u\" %(c, id(c))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "7 is stored at address 41297768\n",
+ "10.500000 is stored at address 53588120\n",
+ "A is stored at address 140471220157656\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.2, page no. 263"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "var1 = 10\n",
+ "var2 = 20\n",
+ "iptr = id(var1)\n",
+ "print \"Address and contents of var1 is: %d & %d\" %(iptr, var1)\n",
+ "iptr = id(var2)\n",
+ "print \"Address and contents of var1 is: %d & %d\" %(iptr, var2)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Address and contents of var1 is: 41297696 & 10\n",
+ "Address and contents of var1 is: 41297456 & 20\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example derefer.c, page no. 265"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#note: we have used var1 instead of iptr because there is no point of pointer in python. Hence, instead of *iptr \n",
+ "#we have to refer to the same variable\n",
+ "var1 = 0\n",
+ "iptr = id(var1)\n",
+ "var1 = 25\n",
+ "var1 += 10\n",
+ "print \"Variable var1 contains %i \" %var1\n",
+ "var2 = var1\n",
+ "print \"Variable var2 contains: %i\" %var2\n",
+ "iptr = id(var2)\n",
+ "var2 += 20\n",
+ "print \"Variable var2 now contains: %i\" %var2"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Variable var1 contains 35 \n",
+ "Variable var2 contains: 35\n",
+ "Variable var2 now contains: 55\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.3, page no. 267"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "a = 5\n",
+ "b = 10\n",
+ "ptr = id(a)\n",
+ "print \"Initial values of a & b\"\n",
+ "print \"a = %d\" %a\n",
+ "print \"b = %d\" %b\n",
+ "b = a\n",
+ "print \"Changed values of a & b\"\n",
+ "print \"a = %d\" %a\n",
+ "print \"b = %d\" %b\n",
+ "print \"Address of variable is \", id(a)\n",
+ "print \"Address of variable is \", id(b)\n",
+ "print \"Address assigned to pointer ptr is \", id(ptr)\n",
+ "print \"Value pointer ptr access is \", a"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Initial values of a & b\n",
+ "a = 5\n",
+ "b = 10\n",
+ "Changed values of a & b\n",
+ "a = 5\n",
+ "b = 5\n",
+ "Address of variable is 41297816\n",
+ "Address of variable is 41297816\n",
+ "Address assigned to pointer ptr is 51460736\n",
+ "Value pointer ptr access is 5\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 14
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.4, page no. 268"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def swap(d1, d2):\n",
+ " return d2, d1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Enter 2 real numbers:\"\n",
+ "data1 = float(raw_input(\"num1: \"))\n",
+ "data2 = float(raw_input(\"num2: \"))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Data1 contains: \", data1\n",
+ "print \"Data2 contains: \", data2\n",
+ "data1, data2 = swap(data1, data2)\n",
+ "print \"After swapping.....\"\n",
+ "print \"Data1 contains: \", data1\n",
+ "print \"Data2 contains: \", data2"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter 2 real numbers:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "num1: 23.55\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "num2: -65.73\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Data1 contains: 23.55\n",
+ "Data2 contains: -65.73\n",
+ "After swapping.....\n",
+ "Data1 contains: -65.73\n",
+ "Data2 contains: 23.55\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example voidptr.c, page no. 270"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "i1 = 100\n",
+ "f1 = 200.5\n",
+ "vptr = id(i1)\n",
+ "print \"i1 contains \", i1\n",
+ "vptr = id(f1)\n",
+ "print \"f1 contians \", f1"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "i1 contains 100\n",
+ "f1 contians 200.5\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.5, page no. 271"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#the way it is given in the textbook is not possible as there is no concept of pointers in Python\n",
+ "a = []\n",
+ "print \"Size of array ?\"\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "print \"Array elements ?\"\n",
+ "for i in range(n):\n",
+ " a.append(int(raw_input()))\n",
+ "small = min(a)\n",
+ "print \"The smallest element is \", small"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Size of array ?\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "6\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Array elements ?\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-9\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-23\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-77\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The smallest element is -77\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.6, page no. 272"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "a = 5\n",
+ "b = 10\n",
+ "ptr1 = id(a)\n",
+ "ptr2 = id(b)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c = a + b\n",
+ "d = a/b*7\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Addresses of variables 'a' and 'b': \"\n",
+ "print \"a: \", ptr1\n",
+ "print \"b: \", ptr2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Addresses of pointers 'ptr1' and 'ptr2' hold: \"\n",
+ "print \"ptr1: \", ptr1\n",
+ "print \"ptr2: \", ptr2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"values of 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd': \"\n",
+ "print \"a = %2d b = %2d c = %2d d = %2d\" %(a,b,c,d)\n",
+ "print \"Values accessed by pointers 'ptr1' and 'ptr2': \"\n",
+ "print \"ptr1: \", ptr1\n",
+ "print \"ptr2: \", ptr2"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Addresses of variables 'a' and 'b': \n",
+ "a: 37181336\n",
+ "b: 37181216\n",
+ "Addresses of pointers 'ptr1' and 'ptr2' hold: \n",
+ "ptr1: 37181336\n",
+ "ptr2: 37181216\n",
+ "values of 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd': \n",
+ "a = 5 b = 10 c = 15 d = 0\n",
+ "Values accessed by pointers 'ptr1' and 'ptr2': \n",
+ "ptr1: 37181336\n",
+ "ptr2: 37181216\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example farptr.c, page no. 275"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "# not possible in Python"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example ptriptr.c, page no. 275"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "data = 0\n",
+ "iptr = id(data)\n",
+ "ptriptr = id(iptr)\n",
+ "data = 100\n",
+ "print \"Variable 'data' contains: \", data\n",
+ "ptriptr = 200\n",
+ "print \"Variable 'data' contains: \", data\n",
+ "#value of data won't change as there is no pointer\n",
+ "data = 300\n",
+ "print \"ptriptr is pointing to: \", data"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Variable 'data' contains: 100\n",
+ "Variable 'data' contains: 100\n",
+ "ptriptr is pointing to: 300\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 277"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "iarray = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
+ "for i in range(5):\n",
+ " print id(iarray[i]), iarray[i]"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "37181432 1\n",
+ "37181408 2\n",
+ "37181384 3\n",
+ "37181360 4\n",
+ "37181336 5\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 279"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def sort_it(b):\n",
+ " return sorted(b)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "a = []\n",
+ "print \"Eneter the number of elements in the array (lessthan 21): \"\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "print \"Enter the elements: \"\n",
+ "for i in range(n):\n",
+ " a.append(int(raw_input()))\n",
+ "arr = sort_it(a)\n",
+ "print \"The sorted array: \"\n",
+ "for ele in arr:\n",
+ " print ele,"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Eneter the number of elements in the array (lessthan 21): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the elements: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The sorted array: \n",
+ "-4 0 1 4 7\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 26
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.7, page no. 280"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def SortByPtrExchange(person):\n",
+ " return sorted(person)\n",
+ "choice = 'y'\n",
+ "person = []\n",
+ "while choice == 'y':\n",
+ " print \"Enter Name: \"\n",
+ " person.append(raw_input())\n",
+ " print \"Enter another ? (y/n)\"\n",
+ " choice = raw_input()\n",
+ "print \"Unsorted list: \"\n",
+ "for per in person:\n",
+ " print per\n",
+ "person = SortByPtrExchange(person)\n",
+ "print \"Sorted List: \"\n",
+ "for per in person:\n",
+ " print per"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Name: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Tejaswi\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter another ? (y/n)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Name: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Prasad\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter another ? (y/n)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Name: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Prakash\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter another ? (y/n)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Name: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Sudeep\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter another ? (y/n)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "y\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter Name: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Anand\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter another ? (y/n)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "n\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Unsorted list: \n",
+ "Tejaswi\n",
+ "Prasad\n",
+ "Prakash\n",
+ "Sudeep\n",
+ "Anand\n",
+ "Sorted List: \n",
+ "Anand\n",
+ "Prakash\n",
+ "Prasad\n",
+ "Sudeep\n",
+ "Tejaswi\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 29
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example argref.c, page no. 282"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def Add10(studentmarks):\n",
+ " studentmarks += 10\n",
+ " return studentmarks\n",
+ "Marks = 25\n",
+ "print \"Value of Marks = %d\" %Marks\n",
+ "Marks = Add10(Marks)\n",
+ "print \"Value of Marks after execution = %d\" %Marks"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Value of Marks = 25\n",
+ "Value of Marks after execution = 35\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 32
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example accfunc.c, page no. 283"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "Max = 5\n",
+ "def Add10(studentmarks):\n",
+ " global Max\n",
+ " for i in range(Max):\n",
+ " studentmarks[i] += 10\n",
+ " return studentmarks\n",
+ "Marks = [25, 43, 70, 80, 76]\n",
+ "Marks = Add10(Marks)\n",
+ "for j in range(Max):\n",
+ " print \"Marks[%d] = %d\" %(j, Marks[j])"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Marks[0] = 35\n",
+ "Marks[1] = 53\n",
+ "Marks[2] = 80\n",
+ "Marks[3] = 90\n",
+ "Marks[4] = 86\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 33
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.8, page no. 285"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def exchange(x, y):\n",
+ " return y, x\n",
+ "print \"Program swaps values of the variables 'a' and 'b'\"\n",
+ "print \"Values of a & b: \"\n",
+ "a = int(raw_input(\"a: \"))\n",
+ "b = int(raw_input(\"b: \"))\n",
+ "print \"a: %5d \\t b = %5d\" %(a, b)\n",
+ "x, y = exchange(a, b)\n",
+ "print \"After swapping: \"\n",
+ "print \"a = %5d \\t b = %5d\" %(x, y)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Program swaps values of the variables 'a' and 'b'\n",
+ "Values of a & b: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "a: 78\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "b: 196\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "a: 78 \t b = 196\n",
+ "After swapping: \n",
+ "a = 196 \t b = 78\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 287"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#not possible in Python. Hence, skipping"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [],
+ "prompt_number": 36
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 288"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "arr = [1, 2, 3]\n",
+ "ptr = id(arr)\n",
+ "for i in range(3):\n",
+ " print \"%d %d\" %(id(i), arr[i])"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "37181456 1\n",
+ "37181432 2\n",
+ "37181408 3\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 38
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.9, page no. 289"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
+ "for ele in arr[::-1]:\n",
+ " print ele,"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5 4 3 2 1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 40
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.10, page no. 289"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "arr = [-1, -2, -3, -4, -5]\n",
+ "p = arr\n",
+ "arr = arr[::-1]\n",
+ "p = p[::-1]\n",
+ "for i in range(len(arr)):\n",
+ " print arr[i], \"\\t\", p[i]"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-5 \t-5\n",
+ "-4 \t-4\n",
+ "-3 \t-3\n",
+ "-2 \t-2\n",
+ "-1 \t-1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 42
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 290"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "ia = [2, 5, 9]\n",
+ "ptr = ia\n",
+ "for ele in ptr:\n",
+ " print ele,"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2 5 9\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 44
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.11, page no. 291"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def FindBig(x, y):\n",
+ " return x if x > y else y\n",
+ "print \"Enter two integers: \"\n",
+ "a = int(raw_input(\"int1: \"))\n",
+ "b = int(raw_input(\"int2: \"))\n",
+ "big = FindBig(a, b)\n",
+ "print \"Variable name \\t address of the variable \\t value\"\n",
+ "print \"a \\t\\t %d \\t\\t\\t %d\"%(id(a), a)\n",
+ "print \"The bigger of the two integers\"\n",
+ "print \"big \\t\\t %d \\t\\t\\t %d\" %(id(big), big)\n",
+ "print \"The value as botained form pointer: \", big"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter two integers: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "int1: 5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "int2: 7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Variable name \t address of the variable \t value\n",
+ "a \t\t 37181336 \t\t\t 5\n",
+ "The bigger of the two integers\n",
+ "big \t\t 37181288 \t\t\t 7\n",
+ "The value as botained form pointer: 7\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 47
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example string1.c, page no. 292"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "city = \"Bangalore\"\n",
+ "i = 0\n",
+ "print \"Address \\t\\t\\t\\t Contents\"\n",
+ "for i in range(len(city)):\n",
+ " print id(city[i]), \"\\t\\t\\t \", city[i], city[i], city[i]"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Address \t\t\t\t Contents\n",
+ "140069470495088 \t\t\t B B B\n",
+ "140069470360920 \t\t\t a a a\n",
+ "140069470570416 \t\t\t n n n\n",
+ "140069470363320 \t\t\t g g g\n",
+ "140069470360920 \t\t\t a a a\n",
+ "140069470363160 \t\t\t l l l\n",
+ "140069470363280 \t\t\t o o o\n",
+ "140069470569656 \t\t\t r r r\n",
+ "140069470571696 \t\t\t e e e\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 53
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 293"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "chArr = \"Pointer and Strings\"\n",
+ "chPtr = chArr\n",
+ "print \"Contents pointed by the pointer chPtr is: \", chPtr"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Contents pointed by the pointer chPtr is: Pointer and Strings\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 55
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 293"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def usrstrlen(ptr):\n",
+ " ln = 0\n",
+ " for ele in ptr:\n",
+ " ln += 1\n",
+ " return ln\n",
+ "s1 = \"Good\"\n",
+ "print \"Length of string using standard library function\", \n",
+ "print len(s1)\n",
+ "length = usrstrlen(s1)\n",
+ "print \"Length of string using user defined function \", length"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Length of string using standard library function 4\n",
+ "Length of string using user defined function 4\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 62
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.12, page no. 294"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "print \"Enger the string to find it's length\"\n",
+ "string = raw_input()\n",
+ "print \"String is: \", string\n",
+ "print \"It's length is : \", len(string)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enger the string to find it's length\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Visvesvaraya College\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "String is: Visvesvaraya College\n",
+ "It's length is : 20\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 63
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 294"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def usrstrcpy(s):\n",
+ " s2 = []\n",
+ " for ele in s:\n",
+ " s2.append(ele)\n",
+ " s2 = ''.join(s2)\n",
+ " return s2\n",
+ "s1 = \"Good\"\n",
+ "s2 = s1\n",
+ "print \"Copied string using normal assignment is \", s2\n",
+ "s2 = usrstrcpy(s1)\n",
+ "print \"Copied string using user defined function is \", s2"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Copied string using normal assignment is Good\n",
+ "Copied string using user defined function is Good\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 66
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 295"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def usrstrcat(s2, s1):\n",
+ " return s1 + s2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "s1 = \"Good\"\n",
+ "s2 = \" Morning\"\n",
+ "s3 = s1+s2\n",
+ "print \"Concatenation using normal Python addition\",\n",
+ "print s3\n",
+ "s1 = usrstrcat(s2, s1)\n",
+ "print \"concatenation using user defined function is \", s1"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Concatenation using normal Python addition Good Morning\n",
+ "concatenation using user defined function is Good Morning\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 70
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 296"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#only user defined way is possible in Python. Normal way would return either True or False only\n",
+ "s1 = \"Good\"\n",
+ "s2 = \" Morning\"\n",
+ "if s1 < s2:\n",
+ " r = -1\n",
+ "elif s1 > s2:\n",
+ " r = 1\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " r = 0\n",
+ "print \"Comparison of strings using user defined way is \", r"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Comparison of strings using normal python way is 1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 72
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 297"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "pet = [\"lion\", \"cat\"]\n",
+ "for i in range(len(pet)):\n",
+ " print id(pet[i]), pet[i]"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "52705200 lion\n",
+ "140069470362560 cat\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 76
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.13, page no. 298"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "st = \"hello\"\n",
+ "for i in range(len(st)):\n",
+ " print st[i], \"\\t\", st[i], \"\\t\", st[i], \"\\t\", st[i] "
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "h \th \th \th\n",
+ "e \te \te \te\n",
+ "l \tl \tl \tl\n",
+ "l \tl \tl \tl\n",
+ "o \to \to \to\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 78
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.14, page no. 299"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "st = \"Good Morning\"\n",
+ "print st[3:]"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "d Morning\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 80
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.15, page no. 299"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#not possible in Python. Skipping"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [],
+ "prompt_number": 81
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example strchr.c, page no. 300"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "string = raw_input(\"Enter a string: \")\n",
+ "c = raw_input(\"Enter character to be searched: \")\n",
+ "try:\n",
+ " i = list(string).index(c)\n",
+ " print \"%c was found in position %d\" %(c, i)\n",
+ "except:\n",
+ " pass"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter a string: House\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter character to be searched: s\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "s was found in position 3\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 86
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example strcspn.c, page no. 302"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "string1 = \"0123456789\"\n",
+ "string2 = \"A47DCF8\"\n",
+ "c = 0\n",
+ "for ele in string2:\n",
+ " if ele in string1:\n",
+ " index = string1.index(ele)\n",
+ " break"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example strcspn.c, page no.303"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "string1 = \"0123456789\"\n",
+ "string2 = \"A32DC014\"\n",
+ "c = 0\n",
+ "for ele in string1:\n",
+ " for ele1 in string2:\n",
+ " if ele == ele1:\n",
+ " c += 1\n",
+ "print c"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example strpbrk.c, page no. 303"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Input two Strings: \"\n",
+ "str1 = raw_input(\"Str1: \")\n",
+ "str2 = raw_input(\"Str2: \")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "for ele in str1:\n",
+ " if ele in str2:\n",
+ " print \"Character found: \", ele\n",
+ " sys.exit()\n",
+ "print \"Character not found\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Input two Strings: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Str1: House\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Str2: Sorrow\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Character found: o\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "ename": "SystemExit",
+ "evalue": "",
+ "output_type": "pyerr",
+ "traceback": [
+ "An exception has occurred, use %tb to see the full traceback.\n",
+ "\u001b[1;31mSystemExit\u001b[0m\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stderr",
+ "text": [
+ "To exit: use 'exit', 'quit', or Ctrl-D.\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example strstr.c, page no. 304"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Input two Strings: \"\n",
+ "str1 = raw_input(\"Str1: \")\n",
+ "str2 = raw_input(\"Str2: \")\n",
+ "\n",
+ "if str2 in str1:\n",
+ " str1.index(str2)\n",
+ " print \"String 2 is found at position 6 in string1\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Input two Strings: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Str1: I saw the cat click the mouse.\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Str2: the\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "String 2 is found at position 6 in string1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example strtok.c, page no. 305"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "my_str = raw_input(\"Input a string, parts separated by , or ;\")\n",
+ "print \"The tokens found were: \"\n",
+ "token = ''\n",
+ "for i in range(len(my_str)):\n",
+ " if my_str[i] == ',' or my_str[i] == ';':\n",
+ " if len(token) > 0:\n",
+ " print token\n",
+ " token = ''\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " token = token + my_str[i]\n",
+ "print token"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Input a string, parts separated by , or ;;abc,defgh;;hi,jklmn;op\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The tokens found were: \n",
+ "abc\n",
+ "defgh\n",
+ "hi\n",
+ "jklmn\n",
+ "op\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 9
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.16, pag eno. 307"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def func1(i, f):\n",
+ " print i, f\n",
+ "def func2(s):\n",
+ " print s\n",
+ " \n",
+ "i = 5\n",
+ "f = 5.375\n",
+ "s = \"string\"\n",
+ "func1(i, f)\n",
+ "func2(s)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5 5.375\n",
+ "string\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 308"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def fact(m):\n",
+ " if m == 1:\n",
+ " return 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return m*fact(m-1)\n",
+ "print \"Enter the integer whose factorial is to be found: \",\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "ans = fact(n)\n",
+ "print \"Factorial of \", n, \" is \", ans"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the integer whose factorial is to be found: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "8\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Factorial of 8 is 40320\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example on page no. 308"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def large(b):\n",
+ " return max(b)\n",
+ "def small(b):\n",
+ " return min(b)\n",
+ "print \"Enter the number of integers: \",\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "print \"Enter the set of integers: \"\n",
+ "a = []\n",
+ "for i in range(n):\n",
+ " a.append(int(raw_input()))\n",
+ "print \"The largest integer is: \", large(a)\n",
+ "print \"The smallest integer is: \", small(a)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the number of integers: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter the set of integers: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The largest integer is: 5\n",
+ "The smallest integer is: -7\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 12
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.17, page no. 311"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "MAX = 20\n",
+ "def print_array(a):\n",
+ " print \"The elements of the array are: \"\n",
+ " for ele in a:\n",
+ " print ele,\n",
+ "print \"Enter the number of elements: \"\n",
+ "n = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "print \"Enter the elements: \"\n",
+ "a = []\n",
+ "for i in range(n):\n",
+ " a.append(int(raw_input()))\n",
+ "if n < 0 or n > MAX:\n",
+ " print \"Invalid number of elements...\"\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " print_array(a)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the number of elements: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the elements: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The elements of the array are: \n",
+ "1 2 3 4 5\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 13
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 8.18, page no. 313"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "def upper(instr):\n",
+ " return instr.upper()\n",
+ "def lower(instr):\n",
+ " return instr.lower()\n",
+ "instr = raw_input(\"Input a string: \")\n",
+ "print \"To upper or lower (u/l): \"\n",
+ "inchar = raw_input()\n",
+ "if inchar == 'l':\n",
+ " print \"The converted string is \\n\", lower(instr)\n",
+ "elif inchar == 'u':\n",
+ " print \"The conveerted string is \\n\", upper(instr)\n",
+ "else:\n",
+ " print \"Ivalid input...\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Input a string: UVCE, Bangalore\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "To upper or lower (u/l): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "l\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The converted string is \n",
+ "uvce, bangalore\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 15
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+} \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-20 10:27:15 +0000