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+{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:0f4233c9bc3c7a3995f155be01ebee4b829ac86b3935e6b7d37705fb0fea5376"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 12: Data Structures"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.1, page no. 442"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "arr = numpy.zeros((2, 2, 2))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Reading the elements of an array: \"\n",
+ "for i in range(2):\n",
+ " for j in range(2):\n",
+ " for k in range(2):\n",
+ " arr[i][j][k] = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Displaying the elements of an array: \"\n",
+ "for i in range(2):\n",
+ " print \"\\n\\t\"\n",
+ " for j in range(2):\n",
+ " for k in range(2):\n",
+ " print \"\\t %3d \" %(arr[i][j][k]),\n",
+ " print \"\\n\\t\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reading the elements of an array: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "15\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "25\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "26\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "13\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "71\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "9\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "8\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Displaying the elements of an array: \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\t\n",
+ "\t 15 \t 25 \n",
+ "\t\n",
+ "\t 26 \t 13 \n",
+ "\t\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\t\n",
+ "\t 71 \t 9 \n",
+ "\t\n",
+ "\t 1 \t 8 \n",
+ "\t\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.2, page no. 442"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "str1 = raw_input(\"Input the first string: \")\n",
+ "str2 = raw_input(\"Input the second string: \")\n",
+ "print \"The concatenated string is ...\"\n",
+ "print str1+str2"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Input the first string: Tejaswi \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Input the second string: Venugopal\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The concatenated string is ...\n",
+ "Tejaswi Venugopal\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.3, page no. 443"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "class record:\n",
+ " name = ''\n",
+ " regno = ''\n",
+ " avg = 0.0\n",
+ " rank = 0\n",
+ "i = 0\n",
+ "students = []\n",
+ "while True:\n",
+ " print \"Processing student %d record...\" %(i+1)\n",
+ " print \"Student name ?(END to terminate): \"\n",
+ " stud = record()\n",
+ " stud.name = raw_input()\n",
+ " if stud.name == 'END':\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " stud.regno = raw_input(\"Reg. no? \")\n",
+ " stud.avg = float(raw_input(\"Average marks? \"))\n",
+ " students.append(stud)\n",
+ " i+=1\n",
+ "n = i\n",
+ "for i in range(n-1):\n",
+ " for j in range(i+1, n):\n",
+ " if students[i].avg < students[j].avg:\n",
+ " students[i], students[j] = students[j], students[i]\n",
+ "for i in range(n):\n",
+ " students[i].rank = i+1\n",
+ "print \"Student records after assigning ranks: \"\n",
+ "print \"%s%20s%20s%20s\" %(\"Name\",\"REGISTER_NUMBER\",\"AVERAGE\",\"RANK\")\n",
+ "print \"------------------------------------------------------------------\"\n",
+ "for i in range(n):\n",
+ " print students[i].name, \"\\t\\t\", students[i].regno, \"\\t\\t\\t\", students[i].avg, \"\\t\\t\\t\", students[i].rank"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 1 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Asha\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak001\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 67.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 2 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Bina\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak003\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 34.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 3 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Anand\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak004\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 67.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 4 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Sudeep\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak005\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 78.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 5 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Tejaswi\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak006\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 89.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 6 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Maya\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak007\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 89.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 7 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Prakash\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak008\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 89.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 8 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Raju\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak009\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 82.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 9 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Geetha\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak010\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 85.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 10 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Gopi\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak011\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 45.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 11 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Ganesh\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reg. no? ak012\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Average marks? 89.00\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Processing student 12 record...\n",
+ "Student name ?(END to terminate): \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "END\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Student records after assigning ranks: \n",
+ "Name REGISTER_NUMBER AVERAGE RANK\n",
+ "------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
+ "Tejaswi \t\tak006 \t\t\t89.0 \t\t\t1\n",
+ "Maya \t\tak007 \t\t\t89.0 \t\t\t2\n",
+ "Prakash \t\tak008 \t\t\t89.0 \t\t\t3\n",
+ "Ganesh \t\tak012 \t\t\t89.0 \t\t\t4\n",
+ "Geetha \t\tak010 \t\t\t85.0 \t\t\t5\n",
+ "Raju \t\tak009 \t\t\t82.0 \t\t\t6\n",
+ "Sudeep \t\tak005 \t\t\t78.0 \t\t\t7\n",
+ "Anand \t\tak004 \t\t\t67.0 \t\t\t8\n",
+ "Asha \t\tak001 \t\t\t67.0 \t\t\t9\n",
+ "Gopi \t\tak011 \t\t\t45.0 \t\t\t10\n",
+ "Bina \t\tak003 \t\t\t34.0 \t\t\t11\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 17
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.4, page no. 446"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "arr = numpy.zeros((3,3))\n",
+ "print \"Reading the elements of 2-D array: \"\n",
+ "for i in range(3):\n",
+ " for j in range(3):\n",
+ " arr[i][j] = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "print \"Displaying the elements of 2-D array: \"\n",
+ "p = arr\n",
+ "for i in range(3):\n",
+ " for j in range(3):\n",
+ " print \"arr[%d][%d] = %d\" %(i, j, p[i][j]),\n",
+ " print \"\\tAddress of arr[%d][%d] = %d\" %(i, j, id(p[i][j]))"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Reading the elements of 2-D array: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "6\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "8\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "9\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Displaying the elements of 2-D array: \n",
+ "arr[0][0] = 1 \tAddress of arr[0][0] = 52403744\n",
+ "arr[0][1] = 2 \tAddress of arr[0][1] = 57791200\n",
+ "arr[0][2] = 3 \tAddress of arr[0][2] = 55892528\n",
+ "arr[1][0] = 4 \tAddress of arr[1][0] = 55892528\n",
+ "arr[1][1] = 5 \tAddress of arr[1][1] = 55892528\n",
+ "arr[1][2] = 6 \tAddress of arr[1][2] = 51486976\n",
+ "arr[2][0] = 7 \tAddress of arr[2][0] = 58587952\n",
+ "arr[2][1] = 8 \tAddress of arr[2][1] = 50218032\n",
+ "arr[2][2] = 9 \tAddress of arr[2][2] = 50218032\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 21
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.5, page no. 449"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "class node:\n",
+ " def __init__(self, data=0, link=None):\n",
+ " self.data = data\n",
+ " self.link = link\n",
+ "\n",
+ "start = None\n",
+ " \n",
+ "def add_front(data):\n",
+ " global start\n",
+ " tmp = node(data)\n",
+ " if(start == None):\n",
+ " start = tmp\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " tmp.link = start\n",
+ " start = tmp\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def del_pos(pos):\n",
+ " global start\n",
+ " if (pos == 0):\n",
+ " tmp = start\n",
+ " start = start.link\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " q = start\n",
+ " count = 1\n",
+ " while(q.link != None):\n",
+ " if(count == pos):\n",
+ " tmp = q.link\n",
+ " q.link = tmp.link\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " count += 1\n",
+ " q = q.link\n",
+ " print \"\\n\\nThere is no element at %d position\" %pos\n",
+ " \n",
+ "def del_elem(data):\n",
+ " global start\n",
+ " if (start.data == data):\n",
+ " tmp = start\n",
+ " start = start.link\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " q = start\n",
+ " while(q.link.link != None):\n",
+ " if(q.link.data == data):\n",
+ " tmp = q.link\n",
+ " q.link = tmp.link\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " q = q.link\n",
+ " if(q.link.data == data):\n",
+ " tmp = q.link;\n",
+ " q.link = None\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " print \"\\n\\nThere is no element whose value is %d\" %data\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def display_list():\n",
+ " global start\n",
+ " if(start == None):\n",
+ " print \"\\n\\nList empty\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " q=start\n",
+ " print \"\\nThe List is...\"\n",
+ " while(q != None):\n",
+ " print q.data,\n",
+ " q = q.link\n",
+ " print \"\\n\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def get_data():\n",
+ " data = int(raw_input(\"Enter the data: \"))\n",
+ " return data\n",
+ "\n",
+ "while(1):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1.Insert at the beginning of the list\"\n",
+ " print \"2.Delete an element at a give position\"\n",
+ " print \"3.Delete an element with a give value\"\n",
+ " print \"4.Quit\"\n",
+ " print \"Choice: \",\n",
+ " choice =int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if choice == 1:\n",
+ " data = get_data()\n",
+ " add_front(data)\n",
+ " elif choice == 2:\n",
+ " if (start == None):\n",
+ " print \"\\nList empty\"\n",
+ " continue\n",
+ " print \"\\n\\nEnter the position:\"\n",
+ " pos = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " del_pos(pos)\n",
+ " elif choice == 3:\n",
+ " if (start == None):\n",
+ " print \"\\nList empty\"\n",
+ " continue\n",
+ " data = get_data()\n",
+ " del_elem(data)\n",
+ " elif choice == 4:\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " display_list()"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: 1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "1 0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: 2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "2 1 0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: 3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "3 2 1 0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: 4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "4 3 2 1 0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "\n",
+ "Enter the position:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "4 2 1 0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: 1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "The List is...\n",
+ "4 2 0 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert at the beginning of the list\n",
+ "2.Delete an element at a give position\n",
+ "3.Delete an element with a give value\n",
+ "4.Quit\n",
+ "Choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.6, page no. 454"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import sys\n",
+ "\n",
+ "class node:\n",
+ " def __init__(self, info=None, link=None):\n",
+ " self.info = info\n",
+ " self.link = link\n",
+ "\n",
+ "last = None\n",
+ "class Circular_Linked:\n",
+ " def create(self, num):\n",
+ " global last\n",
+ " q = node()\n",
+ " tmp = node()\n",
+ " tmp.info = num\n",
+ " if (last == None):\n",
+ " last = tmp\n",
+ " tmp.link = last\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " tmp.link = last.link\n",
+ " last.link = tmp\n",
+ " last = tmp\n",
+ "\n",
+ " def insert(self, num, pos):\n",
+ " global last\n",
+ " q = node()\n",
+ " tmp = node()\n",
+ " q = last.link\n",
+ " for i in range(0, pos-1):\n",
+ " q = q.link\n",
+ " if (q == last.link):\n",
+ " print \"There are less than \", pos, \" elements\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " tmp.link = q.link\n",
+ " tmp.info = num\n",
+ " q.link = tmp\n",
+ " if(q==last):\n",
+ " last=tmp\n",
+ "\n",
+ " def delete(self):\n",
+ " global last\n",
+ " if(last == None):\n",
+ " print \"LIST EMPTY - CANNOT DELETE\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " print \"Data item to be deleted:\"\n",
+ " num = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " q = node()\n",
+ " tmp = node()\n",
+ " if( last.link == last and last.info == num):\n",
+ " tmp = last\n",
+ " last = None\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " q = last.link\n",
+ " if(q.info == num):\n",
+ " tmp = q\n",
+ " last.link = q.link\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " while(q.link != last):\n",
+ " if(q.link.info == num):\n",
+ " tmp = q.link\n",
+ " q.link = tmp.link\n",
+ " print num, \" deleted\"\n",
+ " q = q.link\n",
+ " if(q.link.info == num):\n",
+ " tmp = q.link\n",
+ " q.link = last.link\n",
+ " last = q\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " print \"Element not found\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ " def display(self):\n",
+ " global last\n",
+ " q = node()\n",
+ " if(last == None):\n",
+ " print \"List is empty\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " q = last.link\n",
+ " print \"List is:\"\n",
+ " while(q != last):\n",
+ " print q.info,\n",
+ " q = q.link\n",
+ " print last.info\n",
+ " \n",
+ "co = Circular_Linked()\n",
+ "while(1):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1.Create Circular Linked List\"\n",
+ " print \"2.Insert an item\"\n",
+ " print \"3.Delete an item\"\n",
+ " print \"4.STOP\"\n",
+ " print \"Enter your choice:\"\n",
+ " choice = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if choice == 1:\n",
+ " print \"How many nodes you want:\",\n",
+ " n = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " for i in range(n):\n",
+ " print \"\\nEnter the element:\",\n",
+ " m = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " co.create(m)\n",
+ " elif choice == 2:\n",
+ " print \"\\nEnter the element:\",\n",
+ " m = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " print \"\\nEnter the position after which this element is inserted:\",\n",
+ " po = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " co.insert(m,po)\n",
+ " elif choice == 3:\n",
+ " co.delete()\n",
+ " elif choice == 4:\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Error - Try again\"\n",
+ " co.display()"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "1.Create Circular Linked List\n",
+ "2.Insert an item\n",
+ "3.Delete an item\n",
+ "4.STOP\n",
+ "Enter your choice:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "How many nodes you want:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "Enter the element:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "Enter the element:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "Enter the element:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "Enter the element:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " List is:\n",
+ "1 2 3 4\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Create Circular Linked List\n",
+ "2.Insert an item\n",
+ "3.Delete an item\n",
+ "4.STOP\n",
+ "Enter your choice:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "How many nodes you want:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "Enter the element:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " List is:\n",
+ "1 2 3 4 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Create Circular Linked List\n",
+ "2.Insert an item\n",
+ "3.Delete an item\n",
+ "4.STOP\n",
+ "Enter your choice:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Enter the element:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "Enter the position after which this element is inserted:"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " List is:\n",
+ "1 0 2 3 4 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Create Circular Linked List\n",
+ "2.Insert an item\n",
+ "3.Delete an item\n",
+ "4.STOP\n",
+ "Enter your choice:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Data item to be deleted:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "0 deleted\n",
+ "Element not found\n",
+ "List is:\n",
+ "1 2 3 4 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Create Circular Linked List\n",
+ "2.Insert an item\n",
+ "3.Delete an item\n",
+ "4.STOP\n",
+ "Enter your choice:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Data item to be deleted:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "7\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Element not found\n",
+ "List is:\n",
+ "1 2 3 4 5\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Create Circular Linked List\n",
+ "2.Insert an item\n",
+ "3.Delete an item\n",
+ "4.STOP\n",
+ "Enter your choice:\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.7, page no. 461"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "MAXSIZE = 100\n",
+ "\n",
+ "class stack:\n",
+ " def __init__(self):\n",
+ " self.stack = []\n",
+ " self.top = -1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def push(pu):\n",
+ " if(pu.top == MAXSIZE-1):\n",
+ " print \"The stack is full\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Enter the element to be inserted: \"\n",
+ " item = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " pu.stack.append(item)\n",
+ " pu.top += 1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def pop(po):\n",
+ " if(po.top == -1):\n",
+ " print \"Stack is empty\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " item = po.stack[po.top]\n",
+ " po.top-=1\n",
+ " print \"The popped element is: %d\" %item\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def display(pt):\n",
+ " if(pt.top == -1):\n",
+ " print \"Stack is empty\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"The element(s) of the stack are: \"\n",
+ " i = pt.top\n",
+ " while(i>=0):\n",
+ " print \"%d\" %pt.stack[i],\n",
+ " i-=1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "ps = stack()\n",
+ "ch = 'y'\n",
+ "\n",
+ "while(1):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1. Push into the stack\"\n",
+ " print \"2. POP\"\n",
+ " print \"3. View elements of the stack\"\n",
+ " print \"4. Exit\"\n",
+ " print \"Enter your choice: \"\n",
+ " choice = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if(choice == 1):\n",
+ " push(ps)\n",
+ " elif(choice == 2):\n",
+ " pop(ps)\n",
+ " elif(choice == 3):\n",
+ " display(ps)\n",
+ " elif(choice == 4):\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Invalid Choice\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the element to be inserted: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the element to be inserted: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "23\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the element to be inserted: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "67\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The popped element is: 67\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the element to be inserted: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "88\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The element(s) of the stack are: \n",
+ "67 23 12 \n",
+ "1. Push into the stack\n",
+ "2. POP\n",
+ "3. View elements of the stack\n",
+ "4. Exit\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.8, page no. 463"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "class node:\n",
+ " def __init__(self, link=None):\n",
+ " self.data = None\n",
+ " self.link = link\n",
+ " \n",
+ "start = None\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def push(top):\n",
+ " new = node()\n",
+ " print \"Enter element to be pushed: \",\n",
+ " pushed_item = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " new.data = pushed_item\n",
+ " new.link = top\n",
+ " top = new\n",
+ " return top\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def pop(top):\n",
+ " tmp = node()\n",
+ " if(top == None):\n",
+ " print \"Stack is empty...\" \n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " tmp = top\n",
+ " print \"Popped item is: \", tmp.data\n",
+ " top = top.link\n",
+ " tmp.link = None\n",
+ " return top\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def display(top):\n",
+ " if(top == None):\n",
+ " print \"Stack is empty...\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " while(top.link != None):\n",
+ " print top.data,\n",
+ " top = top.link\n",
+ " \n",
+ "Top = node()\n",
+ "while(1):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1.PUSH\"\n",
+ " print \"2.POP\"\n",
+ " print \"3.END\"\n",
+ " print \"Enter your choice: \",\n",
+ " choice = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if choice == 1:\n",
+ " Top = push(Top)\n",
+ " print \"STACK after pushing: \"\n",
+ " display(Top)\n",
+ " elif choice == 2:\n",
+ " Top=pop(Top)\n",
+ " print \"STACK after popping: \"\n",
+ " display(Top)\n",
+ " elif choice == 3:\n",
+ " print \"End of comutation\"\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Invalid Choice\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter element to be pushed: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "23\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " STACK after pushing: \n",
+ "23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter element to be pushed: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "12\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " STACK after pushing: \n",
+ "12 23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter element to be pushed: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "67\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " STACK after pushing: \n",
+ "67 12 23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Popped item is: 67\n",
+ "STACK after popping: \n",
+ "12 23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Popped item is: 12\n",
+ "STACK after popping: \n",
+ "23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter element to be pushed: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "88\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " STACK after pushing: \n",
+ "88 23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Popped item is: 88\n",
+ "STACK after popping: \n",
+ "23 \n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Popped item is: 23\n",
+ "STACK after popping: \n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Popped item is: None\n",
+ "STACK after popping: \n",
+ "Stack is empty...\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.PUSH\n",
+ "2.POP\n",
+ "3.END\n",
+ "Enter your choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " End of comutation\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.9, page no. 467"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "stck = []\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def push(sp,ch):\n",
+ " if sp==100:\n",
+ " print \"Error : Stack overflow\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " sp += 1\n",
+ " stck.append(ch)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def pop(sp):\n",
+ " if sp < 0:\n",
+ " print \"Error : Stack underflow\"\n",
+ " return 0\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " sp -= 1\n",
+ " return stck[sp+1]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def alpha(ch):\n",
+ " if (ch>='A' and ch<=\"Z\") or (ch>='a' and ch<=\"z\"):\n",
+ " return True\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return False\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def num(ch):\n",
+ " if ch>='0' and ch<=\"9\":\n",
+ " return True\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return False\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def oper(ch):\n",
+ " oparray = ['+','-','*','/','^']\n",
+ " if ch in oparray:\n",
+ " return True\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return False\n",
+ " \n",
+ "def precedence(ch):\n",
+ " if ch=='(':\n",
+ " i = 0\n",
+ " elif ch=='+' or ch=='-':\n",
+ " i = 1\n",
+ " elif ch=='*' or ch=='/':\n",
+ " i = 2\n",
+ " elif ch=='^':\n",
+ " i = 3\n",
+ " return i\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def printerror(n,ifp):\n",
+ " if n==1:\n",
+ " print \"Error_1_: Missing operator\",\n",
+ " elif n==2:\n",
+ " print \"Error_2_: Missing Operand\",\n",
+ " elif n==3:\n",
+ " print \"Error_3_: Mismatched parentehses\",\n",
+ " elif n==4:\n",
+ " print \"Error_4_: Illegal character in expression\",\n",
+ " elif n==5:\n",
+ " print \"Error_5_: Multiletter variable\",\n",
+ " print \"Column %2d\"%ifp\n",
+ " \n",
+ "\n",
+ "def parse (infix,suffix,error):\n",
+ " ch =''\n",
+ " last = '('\n",
+ " i = 0\n",
+ " sp=-1\n",
+ " bracket = 1\n",
+ " ifp = 0\n",
+ " sfp = 0\n",
+ " \n",
+ " push(sp,'(')\n",
+ " \n",
+ " while True:\n",
+ " while infix[i] == \" \":\n",
+ " i += 1\n",
+ " ifp = i\n",
+ " ch = infix[ifp]\n",
+ " \n",
+ " if ch == \"(\":\n",
+ " if alpha(last) or num(last) or last==')':\n",
+ " error = 1\n",
+ " printerror(1,ifp+1)\n",
+ " bracket +=1 \n",
+ " push(sp,ch)\n",
+ " elif ch==\"+\" or ch==\"-\" or ch==\"*\" or ch==\"/\" or ch==\"^\":\n",
+ " if oper(last) or (not alpha(last) and not num(last) and last!=\")\"):\n",
+ " error=1\n",
+ " printerror(2,ifp+1)\n",
+ " while precedence(stck[sp]) >= precedence(ch):\n",
+ " suffix.append(pop(sp))\n",
+ " sfp+=1\n",
+ " push(sp,ch)\n",
+ " elif ch==\")\":\n",
+ " if oper(last):\n",
+ " error=1\n",
+ " printerror(2,ifp+1)\n",
+ " if last==\"(\":\n",
+ " error=1\n",
+ " printerror(2,ifp+1)\n",
+ " printerror(1,ifp+1)\n",
+ " while stck[sp] != \"(\" and sp > 0:\n",
+ " suffix.append(pop(sp))\n",
+ " sfp += 1\n",
+ " sp -= 1\n",
+ " bracket -= 1\n",
+ " elif ch == ' ':\n",
+ " while infix[ifp+1] == \" \" and not infix[ifp] :\n",
+ " ifp += 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " if alpha(last) or num(last):\n",
+ " error = 1 \n",
+ " printerror(1,ifp+1)\n",
+ " printerror(5,ifp+1)\n",
+ " if alpha(ch):\n",
+ " print ch,\n",
+ " suffix.append(infix[ifp])\n",
+ " sfp += 1\n",
+ " elif num(ch):\n",
+ " while num(infix[ifp]):\n",
+ " suffix.append(infix[ifp])\n",
+ " ifp += 1\n",
+ " sfp += 1\n",
+ " ifp -= 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " printerror(4,ifp+1)\n",
+ " last = infix[ifp]\n",
+ " ifp += 1\n",
+ " i = ifp\n",
+ " print ifp,\n",
+ " try:\n",
+ " if not infix[ifp]:\n",
+ " break;\n",
+ " except:\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " \n",
+ " if bracket:\n",
+ " error = 1\n",
+ " printerror(3,ifp-1)\n",
+ " return infix,suffix,error\n",
+ "def readexpression():\n",
+ " i = 0\n",
+ " print \"The given infix expression is\"\n",
+ " infix = list(raw_input())\n",
+ " infix.append(\")\")\n",
+ " \n",
+ " return infix\n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "suffix = [] \n",
+ "error = 0\n",
+ "infix = readexpression()\n",
+ "infix,suffix,error = parse(infix,suffix,error)\n",
+ "if not error:\n",
+ " print \"The suffix form of the given expression is \"\n",
+ " print suffix"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The given infix expression is\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "(a+b)\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1 Error_3_: Mismatched parentehses Column 0\n",
+ "a 2 Error_3_: Mismatched parentehses Column 1\n",
+ "3 Error_3_: Mismatched parentehses Column 2\n",
+ "b 4 Error_3_: Mismatched parentehses Column 3\n",
+ "5 Error_3_: Mismatched parentehses Column 4\n",
+ "6\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.10, page no. 472"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "MAX = 50\n",
+ "queue_arr = []\n",
+ "rear = [-1]\n",
+ "front = [-1]\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def add_element():\n",
+ " if (rear[0] == MAX-1):\n",
+ " print \"Queue is full...\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " if(front[0] == -1):\n",
+ " front[0] = 0\n",
+ " print \"Enter the new element: \"\n",
+ " added_item = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " rear[0] = rear[0]+1\n",
+ " queue_arr.append(added_item)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def remove_element():\n",
+ " if(front[0] == -1 or front[0]>rear[0]):\n",
+ " print \"Queue is empty...\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " dell = front[0]\n",
+ " print queue_arr[dell], \" is removed from the Queue\"\n",
+ " front[0] = front[0]+1\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def display():\n",
+ " if(front[0] == -1 or front[0]>rear[0]):\n",
+ " print \"Queue is empty...\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Queue is: \"\n",
+ " for i in range(front[0],rear[0]+1):\n",
+ " print queue_arr[i],\n",
+ "\n",
+ "while(1):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1. Insert an element\"\n",
+ " print \"2. Display all the elements of the queue\"\n",
+ " print \"3. Remove elements from the queue\"\n",
+ " print \"4. Exit from the program\"\n",
+ " print \"Enter your choice: \"\n",
+ " choice = raw_input()\n",
+ " if choice == '1':\n",
+ " add_element()\n",
+ " elif choice == '2':\n",
+ " display()\n",
+ " elif choice == '3':\n",
+ " remove_element()\n",
+ " elif choice == '4':\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Reenter the choice\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the new element: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "23\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the new element: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "34\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the new element: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "45\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "23 is removed from the Queue\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "34 is removed from the Queue\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the new element: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "45\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Queue is: \n",
+ "45 45 \n",
+ "1. Insert an element\n",
+ "2. Display all the elements of the queue\n",
+ "3. Remove elements from the queue\n",
+ "4. Exit from the program\n",
+ "Enter your choice: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.11, page no. 477"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "class node:\n",
+ " def __init__(self, link=None):\n",
+ " self.info = None\n",
+ " self.link = link\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def enqueue(rear):\n",
+ " new_node = node()\n",
+ " print \"Enter the new element: \",\n",
+ " new_node.info = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " new_node.link = None\n",
+ " if (rear != None):\n",
+ " rear.link = new_node\n",
+ " rear = new_node\n",
+ " return rear\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def del_queue(f, r):\n",
+ " if f == None:\n",
+ " print \"The Queue is empty\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"The element removed is: \", f.info\n",
+ " if f != r:\n",
+ " f = f.link\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " f = None\n",
+ " return f\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def display(fr, re):\n",
+ " if fr == None:\n",
+ " print \"The Queue is empty\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"The queue is: \"\n",
+ " while fr != re:\n",
+ " print fr.info,\n",
+ " fr = fr.link\n",
+ " print fr.info,\n",
+ "\n",
+ "rear = None\n",
+ "front = None\n",
+ "while(1):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1.Insert\"\n",
+ " print \"2.Delete\"\n",
+ " print \"3.Quit\"\n",
+ " print \"Enter choice: \",\n",
+ " choice = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if choice == 1:\n",
+ " rear = enqueue(rear)\n",
+ " if front == None:\n",
+ " front = rear\n",
+ " elif choice == 2:\n",
+ " front = del_queue(front, rear)\n",
+ " if front == None:\n",
+ " rear = None\n",
+ " elif choice == 3:\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " display(front, rear)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter the new element: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "23\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The queue is: \n",
+ "23 \n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter the new element: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "34\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The queue is: \n",
+ "23 34 \n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " Enter the new element: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "45\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The queue is: \n",
+ "23 34 45 \n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The element removed is: 23\n",
+ "The queue is: \n",
+ "34 45 \n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The element removed is: 34\n",
+ "The queue is: \n",
+ "45 \n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The element removed is: 45\n",
+ "The Queue is empty\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The Queue is empty\n",
+ "The Queue is empty\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1.Insert\n",
+ "2.Delete\n",
+ "3.Quit\n",
+ "Enter choice: "
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 12.12, page no. 480"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import numpy\n",
+ "\n",
+ "qsize = 50\n",
+ "rear = 0\n",
+ "front = 0\n",
+ "qu = numpy.zeros(50, dtype=numpy.int)\n",
+ "def insert():\n",
+ " global rear\n",
+ " global front\n",
+ " global qsize\n",
+ " if rear == qsize:\n",
+ " rear = 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " rear += 1\n",
+ " if front != rear:\n",
+ " item = int(raw_input(\"Enter item to be inserted: \"))\n",
+ " qu[rear] = item\n",
+ " if front == 0:\n",
+ " front += 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Overflow\"\n",
+ "def delete():\n",
+ " global front\n",
+ " global rear\n",
+ " global qsize\n",
+ " if front != 0:\n",
+ " item = qu[front]\n",
+ " if front == rear:\n",
+ " front = 0\n",
+ " rear = 0\n",
+ " return item\n",
+ " if front == qsize:\n",
+ " front = 1\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " front += 1\n",
+ " return item\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"Underflow\"\n",
+ "def display():\n",
+ " global front\n",
+ " global rear\n",
+ " for i in range(front, rear+1):\n",
+ " print qu[i],\n",
+ "\n",
+ "choice = 0\n",
+ "while(choice != 3):\n",
+ " print \"\\n1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\"\n",
+ " print \"2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\"\n",
+ " print \"3 - Quit\"\n",
+ " choice = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if choice == 1:\n",
+ " insert()\n",
+ " print \"\\nCqueue after insertion is: \"\n",
+ " display()\n",
+ " elif choice == 2:\n",
+ " item = delete()\n",
+ " print \"Item deleted id: \", item\n",
+ " print \"\\nCqueue after deletion is: \"\n",
+ " display()\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " break"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter item to be inserted: 23\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after insertion is: \n",
+ "23 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter item to be inserted: 34\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after insertion is: \n",
+ "23 34 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter item to be inserted: 45\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after insertion is: \n",
+ "23 34 45 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Item deleted id: 23\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after deletion is: \n",
+ "34 45 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Item deleted id: 34\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after deletion is: \n",
+ "45 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Item deleted id: 45\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after deletion is: \n",
+ "0 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Underflow\n",
+ "Item deleted id: None\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Cqueue after deletion is: \n",
+ "0 \n",
+ "1 - Insert an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "2 - Delete an element into Cqueue\n",
+ "3 - Quit\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 22
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Exmaple 9.13, page no. 484"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "class node:\n",
+ " data = ''\n",
+ " next = None\n",
+ "class queue:\n",
+ " front = None\n",
+ " nremovals = 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "class prique:\n",
+ " queues = []\n",
+ " nqueues = 0\n",
+ " npromote = 0\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def add(que, new_node):\n",
+ " new_node.next = 0\n",
+ " if not que.front:\n",
+ " que.front = new_node\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " cur = que.front\n",
+ " while(cur.next):\n",
+ " cur = cur.next\n",
+ " cur.next = new_node\n",
+ " return que\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def remove_node(que):\n",
+ " removed_node = que.front\n",
+ " if que.front:\n",
+ " que.front = que.front.next\n",
+ " return removed_node\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def priq_add(priq, priority, data):\n",
+ " if priority >= priq.nqueues:\n",
+ " print \"Error: priority number given is invalid!\"\n",
+ " return priq\n",
+ " new_node = node()\n",
+ " new_node.data = data\n",
+ " priq.queues[priority] = add(priq.queues[priority], new_node)\n",
+ " return priq\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def priq_remove(priq, priority):\n",
+ " removed_char = ''\n",
+ " if priority >= priq.nqueues:\n",
+ " print \"Error: priority number given is invalid!\"\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " removed = remove_node(priq.queues[priority])\n",
+ " if not removed:\n",
+ " if priority < priq.nqueues-1:\n",
+ " return priq_remove(priq, priority+1)\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " return priq, 0\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " lower_elm = ''\n",
+ " priq.queues[priority].nremovals += 1\n",
+ " if priq.queues[priority].nremovals == priq.npromote:\n",
+ " lower_elm = priq_remove(priq, priority+1)\n",
+ " if lower_elm:\n",
+ " priq_add(priq, priority, lower_elm)\n",
+ " priq.queues[priority].nremovals = 0\n",
+ " removed_char = removed.data\n",
+ " return priq, removed_char\n",
+ "\n",
+ " \n",
+ "def create_priq(nqueues, npromote):\n",
+ " priq = prique()\n",
+ " priq.nqueues = nqueues\n",
+ " for i in range(nqueues):\n",
+ " priq.queues.append(queue())\n",
+ " priq.npromote = npromote\n",
+ " return priq\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def get_option():\n",
+ " print \"\\n1: Insert an element\"\n",
+ " print \"2: Remove an element\"\n",
+ " print \"3: Quit\"\n",
+ " print \"Choose: \"\n",
+ " option = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " return option\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def get_data():\n",
+ " data = raw_input(\"Enter the data: \")\n",
+ " return data\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def get_priority():\n",
+ " priority = int(raw_input(\"Enter the priority: \"))\n",
+ " return priority\n",
+ "\n",
+ "def display_prique(priq):\n",
+ " print \"The priority queue is ...\"\n",
+ " for i in range(priq.nqueues):\n",
+ " que = priq.queues[i]\n",
+ " cur = que.front\n",
+ " print i,\n",
+ " while cur:\n",
+ " print cur.data,\n",
+ " if cur.next:\n",
+ " print \"->\",\n",
+ " cur = cur.next\n",
+ " print \"\"\n",
+ " print \"\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"No of priority levels: \"\n",
+ "nlevels = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "print \"No of consecutive removls for proirity promotion: \"\n",
+ "nremovals = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "priq = create_priq(nlevels, nremovals)\n",
+ "while True:\n",
+ " option = get_option()\n",
+ " if option == 1:\n",
+ " data = get_data()\n",
+ " priority = get_priority()\n",
+ " priq = priq_add(priq, priority, data)\n",
+ " elif option == 2:\n",
+ " priority = get_priority()\n",
+ " priq, data = priq_remove(priq, priority)\n",
+ " if data == 0:\n",
+ " print \"No elements to remove\"\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print data, \" was removed\"\n",
+ " elif option == 3:\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"BYE\"\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " display_prique(priq)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "No of priority levels: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "No of consecutive removls for proirity promotion: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: q\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 q \n",
+ "1 \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: w\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 q -> w \n",
+ "1 \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: e\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 q -> w -> e \n",
+ "1 \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: r\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 q -> w -> e -> r \n",
+ "1 \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the data: z\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 q -> w -> e -> r \n",
+ "1 z \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "q was removed\n",
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 w -> e -> r \n",
+ "1 z \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "w was removed\n",
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 e -> r \n",
+ "1 z \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "No elements to remove\n",
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 e -> r \n",
+ "1 z \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "e was removed\n",
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 r \n",
+ "1 z \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Enter the priority: 0\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "r was removed\n",
+ "The priority queue is ...\n",
+ "0 \n",
+ "1 z \n",
+ "2 \n",
+ "3 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "\n",
+ "1: Insert an element\n",
+ "2: Remove an element\n",
+ "3: Quit\n",
+ "Choose: \n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 9.14, page no. 495"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "class Node:\n",
+ " def __init__(self, data):\n",
+ " self.data = data\n",
+ " self.left = None\n",
+ " self.right = None\n",
+ "\n",
+ " def insert(self, data):\n",
+ " if data < self.data:\n",
+ " if self.left is None:\n",
+ " self.left = Node(data)\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " self.left.insert(data)\n",
+ " elif data > self.data:\n",
+ " if self.right is None:\n",
+ " self.right = Node(data)\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " self.right.insert(data)\n",
+ "\n",
+ " def inorder(self, tree):\n",
+ " solution = []\n",
+ " def recurse(node):\n",
+ " if not node:\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " recurse(node.left)\n",
+ " solution.append(node.data)\n",
+ " recurse(node.right)\n",
+ " recurse(tree)\n",
+ " return solution\n",
+ " def preorder(self, tree):\n",
+ " solution = []\n",
+ " def recurse(node):\n",
+ " if not node:\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " solution.append(node.data)\n",
+ " recurse(node.left)\n",
+ " recurse(node.right)\n",
+ " recurse(tree)\n",
+ " return solution\n",
+ " def postorder(self, tree):\n",
+ " solution = []\n",
+ " def recurse(node):\n",
+ " if not node:\n",
+ " return\n",
+ " recurse(node.left)\n",
+ " recurse(node.right)\n",
+ " solution.append(node.data)\n",
+ "\n",
+ " recurse(tree)\n",
+ " return solution\n",
+ "\n",
+ "print \"Type numbers, one per line\"\n",
+ "print \"-999 for terminating\"\n",
+ "num = int(raw_input())\n",
+ "tree = Node(num)\n",
+ "while num != -999:\n",
+ " num = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if num == -999:\n",
+ " break\n",
+ " tree.insert(num)\n",
+ "choice = 0\n",
+ "while choice != 4:\n",
+ " print \"\\nType of TRAVERSAL ?\"\n",
+ " print \"1 - Inorder\"\n",
+ " print \"2 - Preorder\"\n",
+ " print \"3 - Postorder\"\n",
+ " print \"4 - STOP\"\n",
+ " choice = int(raw_input())\n",
+ " if choice == 1:\n",
+ " print \"INORDER traversal: \"\n",
+ " sol = tree.inorder(tree)\n",
+ " for ele in sol:\n",
+ " print ele,\n",
+ " elif choice == 2:\n",
+ " print \"PREORDER traversal: \"\n",
+ " sol = tree.preorder(tree)\n",
+ " for ele in sol:\n",
+ " print ele,\n",
+ " elif choice == 3:\n",
+ " print \"POSTORDER traversal: \"\n",
+ " sol = tree.postorder(tree)\n",
+ " for ele in sol:\n",
+ " print ele,\n",
+ " else:\n",
+ " print \"BYE\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Type numbers, one per line\n",
+ "-999 for terminating\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "10\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "9\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "3\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "6\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "8\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "5\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "-999\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "\n",
+ "Type of TRAVERSAL ?\n",
+ "1 - Inorder\n",
+ "2 - Preorder\n",
+ "3 - Postorder\n",
+ "4 - STOP\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "1\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "INORDER traversal: \n",
+ "1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 \n",
+ "Type of TRAVERSAL ?\n",
+ "1 - Inorder\n",
+ "2 - Preorder\n",
+ "3 - Postorder\n",
+ "4 - STOP\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "2\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "PREORDER traversal: \n",
+ "4 1 3 2 10 9 6 5 8 \n",
+ "Type of TRAVERSAL ?\n",
+ "1 - Inorder\n",
+ "2 - Preorder\n",
+ "3 - Postorder\n",
+ "4 - STOP\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "4\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "BYE\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 11
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+} \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-20 09:16:34 +0000