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diff --git a/Linear_Integrated_Circuits/Chapter_2.ipynb b/Linear_Integrated_Circuits/Chapter_2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d8cc6868 --- /dev/null +++ b/Linear_Integrated_Circuits/Chapter_2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,482 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "ch_2" + }, + "nbformat": 2, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h1>Chapter 2: Circuit configuration for linear IC's<h1>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No. 2.1, Page no:40<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''current source to proide output current'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "Vcc=5.0 #voltage Vcc in volt", + "Vbeon=0.6 #Voltage Vbeon in volt", + "Beta=150.0 #gain", + "Io=100.0*10**-6 #output current in amperes", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "Iref=Io*(1+ 2/Beta) #calculating reference current", + "Iref=Iref*10**6 #calculating reference current", + "", + "R=(Vcc-Vbeon)/Iref #Calculating value of resistance", + "R=R*1000.0 #Calculating value of resistance", + "", + "#Results:", + "print(\"Iref= %.2f uA\"% Iref)", + "print(\"\\nResistance= %.2f kohm\"% R)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Iref= 101.33 uA", + "", + "Resistance= 43.42 kohm" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No. 2.2, Page No:40<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "''' identical transistor circuit'''", + "", + "#Variable Declarations:", + "Vbe=0.7 #voltage Vbe in volt", + "Vcc=12.0 #voltage Vcc in volt", + "Rc1=1000.0 #collector resistance in ohm", + "Rc2=330.0 #collector resistance in ohm", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "Iref=(Vcc-Vbe)/Rc1 #calculating reference current ", + "I0=Iref #Output current is equal to Reference current ", + "V0=Vcc-Rc2*I0 #Calculating output volatge", + "", + "Iref=Iref/10**-3 #calculating reference current", + "", + "#Results:", + "print(\"Iref= %.1f mA\"%Iref)", + "print(\"\\nV0= %.3f V\"%V0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Iref= 11.3 mA", + "", + "V0= 8.271 V" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example 2.3, Page No:40<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''output current of transistor'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration", + "Vbe=0.6 #Voltage Vbe in volt", + "Vz=4.7 #Zener voltage in volt", + "Re=1000.0 #Emitter resistance in ohm", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "Vre=Vz-Vbe #Calculating voltage acrross emitter resistance", + "", + "I=(Vre)/Re #Calculating output current", + "I=I/10**-3 #Calculating output current", + "", + "#Results", + "print(\"I=%.1f mA\"%I)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "I=4.1 mA" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No. 2.4, Page No.: 42<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''resistance required to produce a current'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "import math", + "Vcc=20.0 #Vcc in volt", + "R1=19300.0 #resistance in ohm", + "Vbe=0.7 #Vbe voltage in Volt", + "Ic2=0.000005 #current in amperes", + "Vt=0.026 # Vt voltage in volt", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "Ic1=(Vcc-Vbe)/R1 #Calculating current through transistor Q1", + "", + "R2=(Vt/Ic2)*math.log(Ic1/Ic2) #Calculating value of R2 for desired current through transistor Q2", + "", + "Ic1=Ic1/10**-3 #Calculating current through transistor Q1", + "R2=R2/10**3 #Calculating value of R2 for desired current through transistor Q2", + "", + "#Results:", + "print(\"Ic1= %d mA\"%Ic1)", + "print(\"\\nR2= %.2f kohm\"%R2)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Ic1= 1 mA", + "", + "R2= 27.55 kohm" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No.2.5, Page No: 44<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''multiple current source'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "Beta=100.0 #Gain for transistor", + "R=20000.0 #Resistance in ohm", + "Vcc=5.0 #Volatage Vcc in volt", + "Vbe=0.6 #Voltage Vbe in volt", + "N=3.0 #Number of multiple current source", + "", + "#Calculations: ", + "Iref=(Vcc-Vbe)/R #Calculating reference current", + "", + "Ic=Iref*(1+ 4/Beta) #Calculating current through transistor Q", + "Ic1=Iref*(Beta)/(Beta+N+1) #Calculating current through transistor Q1", + "Ic2=Iref*(Beta)/(Beta+N+1) #Calculating current through transistor Q2", + "Ic3=Iref*(Beta)/(Beta+N+1) #Calculating current through transistor Q3", + "", + "Iref=Iref/10**-3 #Calculating Reference current", + "Ic1=Ic1/10**-3 #Calculating current through transistor Q1", + "", + "#Results:", + "print(\"Iref= %.2f mA\"%Iref)", + "print(\"\\nIc1=Ic2=Ic3= %.3f mA\"%Ic1)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Iref= 0.22 mA", + "", + "Ic1=Ic2=Ic3= 0.212 mA" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No.2.6, Page NO: 52<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''design current source using MOSFET'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "Iref=0.25*10**-3 #Reference current in amperes", + "Io=0.2*10**-3 #Outpyt current in amperes", + "kn=20*10**-6 #Transconductance in ampere per volt square", + "Vth=1.0 #Threshold voltage in volt", + "Vgs2=1.752 #Voltage Vgs2 in volt", + "lamb=0.0 #Channel length modulation parameter", + "Vdd=5.0 #Voltge Vdd in volt", + "Vss=0.0 #voltage Vss in volt", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "wbyltwo=Io/(kn*(Vgs2-Vth)**2) #calculating width by length 2 ratio", + "Vdssat=Vgs2-Vth #Calculating voltage Vdssat", + "Vgs1=Vgs2 #Volage Vgs1 is eqaul to Vgs2", + "wbylone=Iref/(kn*(Vgs2-Vth)**2) #Calculating width by length 1 ratio", + "Vgs3=Vdd-Vss-Vgs1 #Calculating Vgs3", + "wbylthr=Iref/(kn*(Vgs3-Vth)**2) #calculating width by length 3 ratio", + "", + "#Results:", + "print(\"W/L2= %.1f\"%wbyltwo)", + "print(\"\\nVds(sat)= %.3f V\"%Vdssat)", + "print(\"\\nW/L1= %.1f\"%wbylone)", + "print(\"\\nVgs3= %.3f V\"%Vgs3)", + "print(\"\\nW/L3= %.2f\"% wbylthr)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "W/L2= 17.7", + "", + "Vds(sat)= 0.752 V", + "", + "W/L1= 22.1", + "", + "Vgs3= 3.248 V", + "", + "W/L3= 2.47" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No. 2.7, Page No: 75<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''differential amplifier CMRR'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "cmrra=1000.0 #common mode rejection ratio", + "cmrrb=10000.0 #common mode rejection ratio ", + "v1a=100.0*10**-6 #input voltage in volt", + "v2a=-100.0*10**-6 #input voltage in volt", + "v1b=1100.0*10**-6 #input voltage in volt", + "v2b=900.0*10**-6 #input voltage in volt", + "", + "#Calculations", + "#for first set", + "vida=v1a-v2a #Calculating differential volatge", + "vcma=(v1a+v2a)/2 #calculating common mode voltage", + "vic=0.0 #Calculating common mode voltage", + "voa=vida*(1+vic/(cmrra*vida)) #Calculating Output voltage", + "voa=voa*10**6 #Calculating output volatge", + "", + "# for second set", + "vidb=v1b-v2b #Calculating differential volatge", + "vic=(v1b+v2b)/2 #calculating common mode voltage", + "vob=vidb*(1+vic/(cmrrb*vidb)) #Calculating Output voltage", + "vob=vob*10**6 #Calculating Output voltage", + "", + "#Results:", + "print(\"\\nVo for second set= %.1f uV\"%vob)", + "print(\"Vo for first set= %.1f uV\"% voa)", + "", + "#answer in textbook is wrong" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "", + "Vo for second set= 200.1 uV", + "Vo for first set= 200.0 uV" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No.2.8, Page No.76<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''Q-point of differential amplifier'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "Beta=100.0 #Gain", + "Vee=15.0 #Voltage Vee in volt", + "Vcc=15.0 #Voltage Vcc in volt", + "Vbe=0.7 #Voltage Vbe in volt", + "Re=65.0*10**3 #Resistance in ohm", + "Rc=65.0*10**3 #Resistance in ohm", + "alpha=100.0/101.0 #Gain", + "Ve=-0.7 #Voltage Ve in volt", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "Ie=(Vee-Vbe)/(2*Re) #Calculating emitter current", + "Ic=alpha*Ie #Calculating collector current", + "Ib=Ic/Beta #Calculating base current", + "", + "Vc=Vcc-Ic*Rc #Calculating collector volatge", + "", + "Vce=Vc-Ve #Calculating voltage between collector and emitter", + "", + "Ie=Ie*10**6 #Calculating emitter current", + "", + "Ic=Ic*10**6 #Calculating collector current", + "", + "Ib=Ib*10**6 #Calculating base current", + "", + "# by approximating, because Vee>>Vbe", + "", + "Ieapprox=Vee/(2*Re) #calculating emitter current by approximation", + "Ieapprox=Ieapprox*10**6 #calculating emitter current by approximation", + "", + "#Results:", + "print('Ie= %.1f uA'%Ie)", + "print('\\nIc= %.1f uA'%Ic)", + "print('\\nIb= %.3f uA'%Ib)", + "print('\\nVc= %.3f V'%Vc)", + "print('\\nVce= %.3f V'%Vce)", + "", + "print('\\nIe (approx)= %.2f uA'%Ieapprox)" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Ie= 110.0 uA", + "", + "Ic= 108.9 uA", + "", + "Ib= 1.089 uA", + "", + "Vc= 7.921 V", + "", + "Vce= 8.621 V", + "", + "Ie (approx)= 115.38 uA" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "source": [ + "<h3>Example No.2.9, Page No.89<h3>" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "'''Q-point for MOSFET of differential amplifier'''", + "", + "#Variable Declaration:", + "import math", + "Vdd=12.0 #Voltage Vdd in volt", + "Vss=-12.0 #Voltage Vss in volt", + "Iss=175.0*10**-6 #Current Iss in amperes", + "Rd=65.0*10**3 #resistance Rd in ohm", + "kn=3.0*10**-3 #Transconductance", + "Vth=1.0 #Voltage Vth in volt", + "", + "#Calculations:", + "Ids=Iss/2.0 #Calculating Ids", + "", + "Vgs=Vth + math.sqrt(Iss/kn) #Calculating Vgs", + " ", + "Vds = Vdd- Ids*Rd + Vgs #Calculating Vds", + "", + "#Requirement for saturation", + "Vicmax= Vdd - Ids*Rd + Vth #Calculating Vicmax", + "", + "Ids=Ids*10**6 #Calculating Ids", + "", + "#Results:", + "print('\\nIds=%.1f uA'% Ids)", + "print('\\nVgs=%.3f V'%Vgs)", + "print('\\nVds=%.2f V'% Vds)", + "print('\\nVicmax=%.2f V'% Vicmax)", + "print('\\nRequirement of saturation for M1 \\nfor non-zero Vic necessiates Vic <= 7.312 V')" + ], + "language": "python", + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "", + "Ids=87.5 uA", + "", + "Vgs=1.242 V", + "", + "Vds=7.55 V", + "", + "Vicmax=7.31 V", + "", + "Requirement of saturation for M1 ", + "for non-zero Vic necessiates Vic <= 7.312 V" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + } + ] + } + ] +}
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