diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb')
| -rwxr-xr-x | Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb | 472 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 472 deletions
diff --git a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb b/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb deleted file mode 100755 index 5857660c..00000000 --- a/Fundamentals_of_Electrical_Drives/Chapter10.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,472 +0,0 @@ -{ - "metadata": { - "name": "" - }, - "nbformat": 3, - "nbformat_minor": 0, - "worksheets": [ - { - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 1, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Chapter 10:Traction Drives" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.1,Page No:320" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "Ma=480 #mass of each motor armature in kg 0.48tonne=480kg\n", - "Da=0.5 #average diameter of each motor in m\n", - "m=450 #mass of each wheel in kg\n", - "R=0.54 #radius of each wheel tread in m\n", - "M=40 #combine wight of one motor and one trailer coach in ton\n", - "alpha=5 #accelaration\n", - "N=4 #number of DC motors \n", - "a=0.4 #gear ratio\n", - "r=20 #train resistance\n", - "\n", - "#calculation\n", - "Jw=1/2*m*R**2 #inertia of the each wheel\n", - "nw=2*(N*2) #total number of wheels\n", - "J1=nw*Jw #total inertia of all the wheels\n", - "\n", - "Jm=N*(1/2*Ma*(Da/2)**2) #approximate inertia of all the motors\n", - "J2=Jm/a**2 #approximate innertia of the motor referred to the wheels\n", - "\n", - "Fa2=(J1+J2)*alpha*1000/3600/R #Tractive efforts for driving rorating parts\n", - "Fa1=277.8*M*alpha #tractive efforts to accelerate the train mass horizontally\n", - "Fr=r*M #Tractive efforts required to overcome train resistance\n", - "Ft=Fa1+Fa2+Fr #Tractive efforts required to move the train\n", - "Tm=a*R*Ft/N #torque per motor\n", - "\n", - "#results\n", - "print\"\\nTorque per motor:Tm=\",round(Tm,1),\"N-m\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "\n", - "Torque per motor:Tm= 3241.3 N-m\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 5 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.2,Page No:321" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "M=100 #mass of each motor armature in tonne\n", - "Me=100\n", - "Tm=5000 #torque of each motor in N-m\n", - "Da=0.5 #average diameter of each motor in m\n", - "m=450 #mass of each wheel in kg\n", - "R=0.54 #radius of each wheel tread in m\n", - "N=4 #number of DC motors \n", - "r=25 #train resistance N/tonne\n", - "a=0.25 #gear ratio \n", - "nt=0.98 #gear transmission efficiency\n", - "G=50 #up gradient\n", - "Vm=100 #speed in kmph\n", - "\n", - "#calculation \n", - "Ft=nt*Tm*N/a/R #Tractive efforts required to move the train\n", - "alpha=(Ft-(9.81*M*G+M*r))/(277.8*1.1*Me) #accelaration\n", - "t=Vm/alpha #time taken to attain speed of Vm\n", - "\n", - "#results\n", - "print\"\\n time taken to reach a speed of 100kmph is :t=\",round(t,1),\"sec\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "\n", - " time taken to reach a speed of 100kmph is :t= 32.6 sec\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 6 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.3,Page No:321" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "G=8 #up gradient\n", - "r=25 #train resistance N/tonne\n", - "M=500 #mass of the electric train in tonne\n", - "n=0.8 #combine effiency of transmission and motor\n", - "#speed time curve characteristics\n", - "t1=60 #characteristic for uniform accelaration at v1 in sec\n", - "alpha=2.5 #given accelaration in km/hr/sec at t1\n", - "t2=5*60 #characteristic for constant speed in sec \n", - "t3=3*60 #characteristic for coasting in sec\n", - "B=3 #dynamic braking deceleration in km/hr/sec\n", - "\n", - "#calculation\n", - "Vm=alpha*t1 #peak voltage\n", - "Fg=9.81*M*G #tractive effort required to overcome the force of gravity\n", - "Fr=M*r #tractive effort required to overcome the train resistance\n", - "F_bc=Fg+Fr #retarding force during coasting\n", - "\n", - "Me=1.1*M\n", - "B_c=F_bc/(277.8*Me) #deceleration during coasting\n", - "V=Vm-B_c*t3 #speed after coasting\n", - "t4=V/B #characteristic for a dynamic braking of 3km/hr/sec\n", - "\n", - "d1=1/2*Vm*t1/3600 #distance covered during accelaration \n", - "d2=Vm*t2/3600 #distance covered during constant speed\n", - "d3=1/2*(Vm+V)*t3/3600 #distance covered coasting\n", - "d4=1/2*V*t4/3600 #distance covered during braking\n", - "D=d1+d2+d3+d4 #distance during stops\n", - "D1=d1+d2\n", - "x=D1/D\n", - "y=1-x\n", - "E=(0.01072*Vm**2/D)*(Me/M)+2.725*G*x+0.2778*r*x #specific energy output\n", - "Eo=E/n #specific energy consumption\n", - "\n", - "#results\n", - "print\"\\n Specific energy consumption is :Eo=\",round(Eo,1),\"Whptpkm\" " - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "\n", - " Specific energy consumption is :Eo= 41.1 Whptpkm\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 12 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.4,Page No:323" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "G=20 #up gradient\n", - "r=25 #train resistance N/tonne\n", - "M=500 #mass of the electric train in tonne\n", - "n=0.8 #combine effiency of transmission and motor\n", - "#speed time curve characteristics\n", - "t1=50 #characteristic for uniform accelaration at v1 in sec\n", - "alpha=3 #given accelaration in km/hr/sec at t1\n", - "t2=10*60 #characteristic for constant speed in sec \n", - "B=2.5 #uniform braking deceleration in kmphs to rest\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#calculation \n", - "Vm=alpha*t1 #peak voltage\n", - "t3=Vm/B #characteristic for a uniform braking of B=2.5 kmphs\n", - "\n", - "#(i)during accelaration total tractive effort \n", - "Me=1.1*M\n", - "Fta=277.8*Me*alpha-9.81*M*G+M*r #total tractive effort during accelaration\n", - "Da=1/2*Vm*t1/3600 #distance covered during accelaration ,and t1 is in seconds\n", - "Ea=Fta*Da*1000/3600 #energy output during accleration in Wh\n", - "\n", - "#(ii)during uniform speed net tractive effort\n", - "Ftu=-9.81*M*G+M*r #total tractive effort during uniform speed\n", - "#the answer for Ftu in the book is -105220 N which is wrong which leads to the other incorrect answers in the book\n", - "\n", - "Du=Vm*t2/3600 #distance traveled,and t2 is in seconds\n", - "Eu=Ftu*Du*1000/3600 #energy output in Wh\n", - "\n", - "#(iii)during braking net tractive effort\n", - "Ftb=-277.8*Me*B-9.81*M*G+M*r #total tractive effort for the net braking\n", - "Db=1/2*Vm*t3/3600 #distance covered during braking\n", - "Eb=Ftb*Db*1000/3600 #energy output during braking in Wh\n", - "\n", - "E=Ea/n+n*(Eu+Eb) #net energy consumption\n", - "D=Da+Du+Db #total distance traveled\n", - "Eo=E/(M*D) #specific energy consumption\n", - "\n", - "#results \n", - "print\"(i)Energy consumption during accelaration is :Ea :\",round(Ea),\"Wh\"\n", - "print\" There is a slight difference in the answer due to the number of decimal place\"\n", - "print\"\\n(ii)Energy consumption during uniform speed is :Eu :\",round(Eu),\"Wh\" \n", - "print\"\\n(iii)Energy consumption during braking is :Eb :\",round(Eb,1),\"Wh\" \n", - "print\"\\n Net Energy consumption is E :\",round(E,1),\"Wh\" \n", - "print\"\\n Total Distance traveled is D :\",round(D,4),\"km\"\n", - "print\"\\n Specific Energy consumption is Eo :\",round(Eo,2),\"Whptpkm\"\n", - "#answers in the book are incorrect\n" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "(i)Energy consumption during accelaration is :Ea : 107862.0 Wh\n", - " There is a slight difference in the answer due to the number of decimal place\n", - "\n", - "(ii)Energy consumption during uniform speed is :Eu : -594444.0 Wh\n", - "\n", - "(iii)Energy consumption during braking is :Eb : -162352.4 Wh\n", - "\n", - " Net Energy consumption is E : -470610.4 Wh\n", - "\n", - " Total Distance traveled is D : 27.2917 km\n", - "\n", - " Specific Energy consumption is Eo : -34.49 Whptpkm\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 11 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.5,Page No:325" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "Mm=40 #weight of the motor coach in tonne\n", - "Mt=35 #weight of the trailer in tonne\n", - "u=0.2 #co-efficient of adhesion\n", - "r=30 #train resistance N/tonne\n", - "\n", - "#calculation\n", - "#(a)when the motor to trailer ratio is 1:2\n", - "M=Mm+2*Mt #weight of one unit\n", - "Me=1.1*M\n", - "Md=40 #weight on the driving wheels\n", - "Fm=9810*u*Md #total tractive effort without the wheel\n", - "Ft=Fm #at maximum accelaration \n", - "alpha=(Ft-M*r)/(277.8*Me) #required accelaration since Ft=277.8*u*alpha*M*r\n", - "\n", - "#(b)when the motor to trailer ratio is 1:1\n", - "M=Mm+Mt #weight of one unit\n", - "Me=1.1*M\n", - "Md=40 #weight on the driving wheels\n", - "Fm=9810*u*Md #total tractive effort wihout the wheel\n", - "Ft=Fm #at maximum accelaration \n", - "alpha1=(Ft-M*r)/(277.8*Me) #required accelaration since Ft=277.8*u*alpha*M*r\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#results\n", - "print\"(a)maximum accelaration on a level track is alpha :\",round(alpha,4),\"kmphps\"\n", - "print\"\\n(b)maximum accelaration when motor to trailer coaches ratio is 1:1 is alpha :\",round(alpha1,3),\"kmphps\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "(a)maximum accelaration on a level track is alpha : 2.2366 kmphps\n", - "\n", - "(b)maximum accelaration when motor to trailer coaches ratio is 1:1 is alpha : 3.326 kmphps\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 3 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.6,Page No:326" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "G=10 #up gradient of the locomotive\n", - "Ml=110 #weight of the locomotive coach in tonne\n", - "Mt=500 #weight of the train in tonne\n", - "r=35 #train resistance N/tonne\n", - "n=0.8 #80% of the locomotive weight is carried by the driving wheels\n", - "alpha=1 #acelaration in kmphps\n", - "\n", - "#calculation\n", - "#when only the 110 tonne locomotive is present\n", - "Md=Ml*n #weight of the motor\n", - "M=Mt+Ml #total mass of the train\n", - "Me=1.1*M\n", - "Ft=277.8*Me*alpha+9.81*M*G+M*r #total tractive effort required to move the train\n", - "Fm=Ft\n", - "u=Fm/(9810*Md) #co-efficient of adhesion ,since Fm=9810*u*Md\n", - "\n", - "#when another locomotive of 70 is added together\n", - "Md=Ml*n+70 # mass of the motor\n", - "M_=Mt+Ml+70 # mass of the train\n", - "Fm=9810*u*Md\n", - "Ft=Fm\n", - "M=Ft/(277.8*1.1*alpha+9.81*G+r) #total mass of the train, since Ft=277.8*Me*alpha+9.81*M*G+M*r\n", - "W=M-M_ #weight of additional bogies to be attached\n", - "\n", - "\n", - "#results\n", - "print\"\\n Given co-efficient of adhesion is:\",round(u,2)\n", - "print\"\\n Weight of additional bogies to be attached is:\",round(W,1),\"T\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "output_type": "stream", - "stream": "stdout", - "text": [ - "\n", - " Given co-efficient of adhesion is: 0.31\n", - "\n", - " Weight of additional bogies to be attached is: 415.2 T\n" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 16 - }, - { - "cell_type": "heading", - "level": 2, - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "Example No:10.7,Page No:327" - ] - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [ - "import math\n", - "from __future__ import division\n", - "\n", - "#variable declaration\n", - "Ml=1000 #weight of the empty train in tonne\n", - "Mt=5000 #weight of the fully loaded train in tonne\n", - "G=15 #gradient of the track\n", - "V=30 #maximum speed of the train \n", - "r=40 #train resistance in N/tonne\n", - "u=0.25 #co-efficient of adhesion\n", - "alpha=0.3 #acelaration in kmphps\n", - "\n", - "W=100 #weight of each locomotive\n", - "\n", - "#calculation\n", - "Md=W*n\n", - "Fm=9810*u*Md #total tractive without wheel\n", - "Fb=9.81*(Mt+W*n)*G-(Mt+W*n)*r \n", - "print\"\\nFm=\",Fm\n", - "print\"\\nFb=\",Fb\n", - "print\"\\nequating Fb and Fm we get\"\n", - "n=535750/(245250-10715) #number of locomotive required\n", - "\n", - "#results\n", - "if (n>2) : \n", - " n=3\n", - "print\"\\nThe number of locomotives is n:\",n \n", - "Md=W*n\n", - "M=Ml+W*n\n", - "Ft=277.8*1.1*M*alpha+9.81*M*G+M*r #tractive effore required to move the train\n", - "Fm=9810*0.3*Md\n", - "if (Fm>Ft) :\n", - " print\"\\nThe train can be accelarated with \",n,\"locomotives\"" - ], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [ - { - "ename": "NameError", - "evalue": "name 'n' is not defined", - "output_type": "pyerr", - "traceback": [ - "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", - "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-4-e0b827f6bbd9>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 14\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 15\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m#calculation\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 16\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mMd\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0mW\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mn\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 17\u001b[0m \u001b[0mFm\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m9810\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mu\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mMd\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m#total tractive without wheel\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 18\u001b[0m \u001b[0mFb\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m9.81\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mMt\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m\u001b[0mW\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mn\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mG\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m-\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mMt\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m\u001b[0mW\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mn\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m*\u001b[0m\u001b[0mr\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", - "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'n' is not defined" - ] - } - ], - "prompt_number": 4 - }, - { - "cell_type": "code", - "collapsed": false, - "input": [], - "language": "python", - "metadata": {}, - "outputs": [] - } - ], - "metadata": {} - } - ] -}
\ No newline at end of file |