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+{
+ "metadata": {
+  "name": "",
+  "signature": "sha256:da3557673ab31ece618ad10f5b0d3ef78112ff36bd0b260e508d99211060a1c9"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+  {
+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Chapter 4:WORK AND HEAT"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex4.1:PG-96"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#example 1\n",
+      "#work done during different processes\n",
+      "import math\n",
+      "\n",
+      "P1=200 #initial pressure inside cylinder in kPa\n",
+      "V2=0.1 #in m^3\n",
+      "V1=0.04 #initial volume of gas in m^3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "W1=P1*(V2-V1) #work done in isobaric process in kJ\n",
+      "print\"\\n hence,the work done during the isobaric process is\",round(W1,2),\"kJ. \\n\"\n",
+      "\n",
+      "W2=P1*V1*math.log(V2/V1) #work done in isothermal process in kJ\n",
+      "print\"\\n hence,the work done in isothermal process is\",round(W2,2),\"kJ. \\n\"\n",
+      "\n",
+      "P2=P1*(V1/V2)**(1.3) #final pressure according to the given process\n",
+      "W3=(P2*V2-P1*V1)/(1-1.3)\n",
+      "print\"\\n hence,the work done during the described process is\",round(W3,2),\"kJ. \\n\"\n",
+      "\n",
+      "W4=0 #work done in isochoric process\n",
+      "print\"\\n hence,the work done in the isochoric process is\",round(W4,3),\"kJ. \\n\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "\n",
+        " hence,the work done during the isobaric process is 12.0 kJ. \n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        " hence,the work done in isothermal process is 7.33 kJ. \n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        " hence,the work done during the described process is 6.41 kJ. \n",
+        "\n",
+        "\n",
+        " hence,the work done in the isochoric process is 0.0 kJ. \n",
+        "\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 16
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex4.3:PG-99"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#example 3\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#work produced\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Psat=190.2 #in kPa\n",
+      "P1=Psat #saturation pressure in state 1\n",
+      "vf=0.001504 #in m^3/kg\n",
+      "vfg=0.62184 #in m^3/kg\n",
+      "x1=0.25 #quality\n",
+      "v1=vf+x1*vfg #specific volume at state 1 in m^3/kg\n",
+      "v2=1.41*v1 #specific volume at state 2 in m^3/kg\n",
+      "P2=600 #pressure in state 2 in kPa from Table B.2.2\n",
+      "m=0.5 #mass of ammonia in kg\n",
+      "W=m*(P1+P2)*(v2-v1)/2 #woork produced by ammonia in kJ\n",
+      "print \"The final pressure is\",round(P2),\"kPa\\n\"\n",
+      "print \"hence,work produced by ammonia is\",round(W,2),\"kJ\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "The final pressure is 600.0 kPa\n",
+        "\n",
+        "hence,work produced by ammonia is 12.71 kJ\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 10
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex4.4:PG-100"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#example 4\n",
+      "\n",
+      "#calculating work done\n",
+      "\n",
+      "v1=0.35411 #specific volume at state 1 in m^3/kg\n",
+      "v2=v1/2 \n",
+      "m=0.1 #mass of water in kg\n",
+      "P1=1000 #pressure inside cylinder in kPa\n",
+      "W=m*P1*(v2-v1) #in kJ\n",
+      "print \"the work in the overall process is\",round(W,1),\"kJ\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "the work in the overall process is -17.7 kJ\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 3
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex4.7:PG-108"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#example 7\n",
+      "#heat transfer\n",
+      "k=1.4 #conductivity of glass pane in W/m-K\n",
+      "A=0.5 #total surface area of glass pane\n",
+      "dx=0.005 #thickness of glasspane in m\n",
+      "dT1=20-12.1 #temperature difference between room air and outer glass surface temperature in celsius\n",
+      "Q=-k*A*dT1/dx #conduction through glass slab in W\n",
+      "h=100 #convective heat transfer coefficient in W/m^2-K \n",
+      "dT=12.1-(-10)  #temperature difference between warm room and colder ambient in celsius\n",
+      "Q2=h*A*dT #heat transfer in convective layer in W\n",
+      "#result\n",
+      "print \"the rate of heat transfer in the glass and convective layer is\",round(Q2),\"kW.\""
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "the rate of heat transfer in the glass and convective layer is 1105.0 kW.\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 1
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
+}
+\ No newline at end of file