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+{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:33c973de032c4928bee62a1f4d5e7589d324d9f00e5e077d3c7727973049f86e"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 4 : Flow Through Orifices"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.2 Page No : 83"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "q = 0.0982\n",
+ "d = 0.12\n",
+ "H = 10.\n",
+ "x = 4.5\n",
+ "y = 0.54\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "Vth = (2*g*H)**0.5\n",
+ "a = 3.142*d*d/4\n",
+ "Qth = Vth*a\n",
+ "Cd = q/Qth\n",
+ "Cv = ((x*x)/(4*y*H))**0.5\n",
+ "Cc = Cd/Cv\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"Cd ,Cv, Cc of the orifice\",round(Cd,4),round(Cv,3),round(Cc,2)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Cd ,Cv, Cc of the orifice 0.6198 0.968 0.64\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.3 Page No : 83"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "D = 0.1\n",
+ "d = 0.05\n",
+ "q = 0.02\n",
+ "A = 3.142*D*D/4\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "w = 9810.\n",
+ "p = 58.86*1000\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "v = q/A\n",
+ "Vh = (v*v)/(2*g)\n",
+ "Ph = p/w\n",
+ "Th = Ph+Vh\n",
+ "a = 3.142*d*d/4\n",
+ "Cd = q/(a*((2*g*Th)**0.5))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"co-efficient of discharge\",round(Cd,3)\n",
+ "\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "co-efficient of discharge 0.914\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.4 Page No : 85"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "Cd = 0.6\n",
+ "H1 = 3.\n",
+ "H2 = 4.\n",
+ "b = 2.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "Q = (2*Cd*b*((2*g)**0.5)*((H2*H2*H2)**0.5-(H1*H1*H1)**0.5))/3\n",
+ "q1 = Q*1000\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"dischsrge flow rate in litres/sec\",round(q1,1)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "dischsrge flow rate in litres/sec 9935.6\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 3
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.5 Page No : 85"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "b = 0.75\n",
+ "H1 = 2.25\n",
+ "H2 = 2.5\n",
+ "H = 0.5\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "Cd = 0.62\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "Q = Cd*b*(H2-H1)*((2*g*H)**0.5)\n",
+ "Q1 = Q*1000\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"discherge through the orifice in litres/sec\",round(Q1,1)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "discherge through the orifice in litres/sec 364.1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 4
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.6 Page No : 86"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "b = 2.\n",
+ "d = 3.\n",
+ "H1 = 4.\n",
+ "H2 = 7.\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "H = 0.8+H1\n",
+ "Cd = 0.62\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "Q1 = (2*Cd*b*((2*g)**0.5)*((H*H*H)**0.5-(H1*H1*H1)**0.5))/3\n",
+ "Q2 = Cd*b*(H2-H)*((2*g*H)**0.5)\n",
+ "Q = Q1+Q2\n",
+ "q = Q*1000\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"Discharge in litres/sec\",round(q,3)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Discharge in litres/sec 35687.468\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 5
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.7 Page No : 87"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "l = 20.\n",
+ "b = 10.\n",
+ "a = l*b\n",
+ "H1 = 1.5\n",
+ "Cd = 0.62\n",
+ "H2 = 0\n",
+ "T = 5.*60\n",
+ "n = 4.\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "a1 = (2*a*((H1**0.5)-(H2**0.5)))/(Cd*T*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
+ "d = ((4*a1)/(3.142*n))**0.5\n",
+ "d1 = d*100\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"diameter of the orifice in cm\",round(d1,1)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "diameter of the orifice in cm 43.5\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 6
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.8 Page No : 88"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "l1 = 10.\n",
+ "b1 = 5.\n",
+ "l2 = 5.\n",
+ "b2 = 2.5\n",
+ "a1 = l1*b1\n",
+ "a2 = l2*b2\n",
+ "d = 0.2\n",
+ "a = 3.142*d*d/4\n",
+ "H1 = 4.\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "q = 25.\n",
+ "Cd = 0.62\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "h1 = q/a1\n",
+ "h2 = q/a2\n",
+ "H2 = H1-h1-h2\n",
+ "T = (2*a1*a2*((H1)**0.5-(H2)**0.5))/(a*Cd*(a1+a2)*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"time taken to flow 25 m3 in sec\",round(T,1)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "time taken to flow 25 m3 in sec 179.7\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 7
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.9 Page No : 89"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "import math\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "Cd = 0.8\n",
+ "D = 2.\n",
+ "r = 1.\n",
+ "H1 = 2.\n",
+ "d = 0.1\n",
+ "a = math.pi*d*d/4\n",
+ "l = 8.\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "T = (4*l*((2*r)**1.5-(2*r-H1)**1.5))/(3*Cd*a*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"time taken for emptying the boiler in min\",round((T/60),1)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# note : rounding off error."
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "time taken for emptying the boiler in min 18.1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 4.10 Page No : 89"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "# Variables\n",
+ "r = 5.\n",
+ "h1 = 5.\n",
+ "d = 0.08\n",
+ "a = 0.005\n",
+ "h2 = h1-2\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Calculations \n",
+ "Cd = 0.6\n",
+ "g = 9.81\n",
+ "z = ((2*r*((h1**1.5)-(h2**1.5)))/3)-((((h1**2.5)-(h2**2.5)))/5)\n",
+ "T = (z*2*3.142)/(Cd*a*((2*g)**0.5))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "# Results \n",
+ "print \"time in seconds to lower the level by 2m\",round(T,0)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "time in seconds to lower the level by 2m 5620.0\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+} \ No newline at end of file
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