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diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/README.txt b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/README.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9c04be12 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/README.txt @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +Contributed By: Saurabh Barot +Course: mtech +College/Institute/Organization: Nirma University +Department/Designation: Electrical Power System +Book Title: Fluid Mechanics With Engineering Applications +Author: R. L. A. Daugherty And J. B. A. Franzini +Publisher: McGraw - Hill +Year of publication: 1985 +Isbn: 0076662673 +Edition: 8
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch1.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch1.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f2d43060 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch1.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:927dbb23c2c4eb2bcfe9867be6353aeb4f4fc6596109258987a73bb6dbc2e748" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 1 : Properties Of Fluids" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 1.1 Page No : 4" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "sw = 62.4 \t#specific weight of water at ordinary pressure - lb/ft**3\n", + "sw2 = 9.81 \t#specific weight of water at temperature - kN/m**3\n", + "sg = 13.55 \t#specific weight of mercury \n", + "g = 32.2 \t#ft/s**2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "dwater = sw/g\n", + "dwater2 = sw2/(9.81)\n", + "Gmercury = sg*sw\n", + "Gmercury2 = sg*sw2\n", + "dmercury = sg*dwater\n", + "dmercury2 = sg*dwater2\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print 'Density of water = %.2f slugs/ft**3'%(dwater)\n", + "print ' Density of water = %.2f g/ml'%(dwater2)\n", + "print ' Density of mercury = %.1f slugs/ft**3'%(dmercury)\n", + "print ' Density of mercury = %.2f kN/m**3'%(dmercury2)\n", + "print ' Specific weight of mercury = %d lb/ft**3'%(Gmercury+1)\n", + "print ' Specific weight of mercury = %d kN/m**3'%(Gmercury2+1)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Density of water = 1.94 slugs/ft**3\n", + " Density of water = 1.00 g/ml\n", + " Density of mercury = 26.3 slugs/ft**3\n", + " Density of mercury = 13.55 kN/m**3\n", + " Specific weight of mercury = 846 lb/ft**3\n", + " Specific weight of mercury = 133 kN/m**3\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 1.2 Page No : 9" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "T = 460.+100 \t#R\n", + "P = 15. \t#psia\n", + "MW = 32. \t#lb\n", + "g = 32.2\t #ft/s**2\n", + "ratio = 0.4\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "R = 49710./32\n", + "d = P*144/(R*T)\n", + "Gamma = d*g\n", + "volume = 1/d\n", + "P2 = P*(1/ratio)**1.4\n", + "P2f = P2*144\n", + "T2 = P2f*ratio/(d*R) -460\n", + "P3 = P/ratio\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print ' part a'\n", + "print ' Density of oxygen = %.5f slug/ft**3'%(d)\n", + "print ' Specific weight of oxygen = %.2f lb/ft**3'%(Gamma)\n", + "print ' Specific volume of oxygen = %d ft**3/slug'%(volume+1)\n", + "print ' part b'\n", + "print ' Final pressure of oxygen = %.1f psia '%(P2)\n", + "print ' Final Temperature of oxygen = %d F '%(T2+2)\n", + "print ' part 3'\n", + "print ' Final pressure of oxygen = %.1f psia '%(P3)\n", + "print ' Final Temperature of oxygen = %d F '%(T-460)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " part a\n", + " Density of oxygen = 0.00248 slug/ft**3\n", + " Specific weight of oxygen = 0.08 lb/ft**3\n", + " Specific volume of oxygen = 403 ft**3/slug\n", + " part b\n", + " Final pressure of oxygen = 54.1 psia \n", + " Final Temperature of oxygen = 349 F \n", + " part 3\n", + " Final pressure of oxygen = 37.5 psia \n", + " Final Temperature of oxygen = 100 F \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 1.3 Page No : 10" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "P = 600.*1000 \t#N/m**2\n", + "T = 25. \t#C\n", + "M = 71. \t #Kg\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "R = 8312/M\n", + "d = P/(R*(273+T))\n", + "Gamma = d*9.81\n", + "v = 1/d\n", + "\n", + "# results\n", + "print 'Density of chlorine = %.1f kg/m**3'%(d)\n", + "print ' Specific weight of chlorine = %d N/m**3'%(Gamma+1)\n", + "print ' Specific volume of chlorine = %.3f m**3/Kg'%(v)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Density of chlorine = 17.2 kg/m**3\n", + " Specific weight of chlorine = 169 N/m**3\n", + " Specific volume of chlorine = 0.058 m**3/Kg\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch10.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch10.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..87e81c80 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch10.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,455 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:d2599cf416e0a07710e4c3d128cbc7fa43fd432b07cfc1f586c709ffa82e3638" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 10 : Forces on Immersed Bodies" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.1 Page No : 301" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "nu = 0.001 \t#ft**2 /s\n", + "L = 1.5 \t#ft\n", + "U = 2. \t#ft/s\n", + "s = 0.925\n", + "ro = 1.94\n", + "b = 6.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "R = L*U/nu\n", + "Cf = 1.328/math.sqrt(R)\n", + "Ff = Cf*s*ro*U*b/12 *L\n", + "delta = 4.91 *L/math.sqrt(R)\n", + "T0 = 0.332*nu*s*ro*U/L *math.sqrt(R)\n", + "print R\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Friction drag = %.3f lb\"%(Ff)\n", + "print \" Thickness of boundary layer = %.4f ft\"%(delta)\n", + "print \" Shear stress = %.4f lb/ft**2\"%(T0)\n", + "\n", + "#Similar calculations are done for SI units case" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "3000.0\n", + "Friction drag = 0.065 lb\n", + " Thickness of boundary layer = 0.1345 ft\n", + " Shear stress = 0.0435 lb/ft**2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.2 Page No : 305" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "nu = 0.00015 \t#ft**2/s\n", + "L = 35. \t#ft\n", + "U = 88. \t#fps\n", + "g = 32.2 \t#ft/s**2\n", + "b = 10. \t #ft\n", + "w = 8. \t#ft\n", + "rho = 0.0725\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "R = L*U/nu\n", + "Cf = 0.455 /(math.log10(R))**2.58\n", + "B = 2*b + w\n", + "Ff = Cf*rho/g *U**2 /2 *L*B\n", + "Rx = R/10**5\n", + "delta = L*0.377 /(b* Rx**(0.2))\n", + "T0 = 0.0587 *rho/g *U**2 /2 *(nu/(L*U))**(0.2)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Frictional drag = %.1f lb\"%(Ff)\n", + "print \" Thickness of boundary layer = %.3f ft\"%(delta)\n", + "print \" Shear stress = %.4f lb/ft**2\"%(T0)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Frictional drag = 22.9 lb\n", + " Thickness of boundary layer = 0.455 ft\n", + " Shear stress = 0.0176 lb/ft**2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.3 Page No : 308" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "nu = 0.0000166 \t#ft**2 /s\n", + "U = 5.06 \t#fps\n", + "L = 50. \t#ft\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "dia = 10. \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "R = L*U/nu\n", + "Cf = 0.0028\n", + "Ff = Cf*64/g *U**2 /2 *math.pi*dia*L\n", + "Rx = R/L\n", + "ec = 26*nu/U *Rx**(0.25)\n", + "Rx2 = Rx*L/2\n", + "T02 = 0.0587*U**2 /2 /(Rx2)**(0.2)\n", + "delta2 = 60*nu/math.sqrt(T02)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Friction drag = %.f lb\"%(Ff)\n", + "print \" Critical roughness = %.4f ft\"%(ec)\n", + "print \" height of roughness = %.4f ft\"%(delta2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Friction drag = 112 lb\n", + " Critical roughness = 0.0020 ft\n", + " height of roughness = 0.0056 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.4 Page No : 314" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Cd = 0.45\n", + "rho = 0.0725/32.2\n", + "V = 88. \t#fps\n", + "A = 8*10.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Fd = Cd*rho*V**2 /2 *A\n", + "Drag2 = 23\n", + "D = Fd-Drag2\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Pressure drag = %.f lb\"%(D)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Pressure drag = 291 lb\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.5 Page No : 315" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from sympy import Symbol,solve\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Cd = 0.2\n", + "D = 8.5/12 \t#in\n", + "v = 1.57*10**-4\n", + "rho = 0.00238\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "A = (math.pi*D**2)/4\n", + "#From trail and error method,\n", + "V = 412 \t#fps\n", + "R = (D*V)/v\n", + "\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Free fall velocity = %.2e fps\"%(R)\n", + "print \"Since the values of R and Cd check with the figure, V = 412 fps\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Free fall velocity = 1.86e+06 fps\n", + "Since the values of R and Cd check with the figure, V = 412 fps\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.6 Page No : 319" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "nu = 1.15*10**-5 \t#m**2/s\n", + "D = 2.*10**-3 \t #m\n", + "V = 15. \t#m/s\n", + "T = -20. \t #C\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "R = D*V/nu\n", + "f = 0.2 *V/D *(1+T/R)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Frequency of oscillation = %d Hz\"%(round(f,-2))\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Frequency of oscillation = 1500 Hz\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.7 Page No : 324" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "n = 90. \t#rpm\n", + "R = 2. \n", + "rho = 0.0765/32.2\n", + "B = 25.\n", + "U = 120. \t#fps\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "vt = 2*math.pi*R*n/60\n", + "T = 2*math.pi*R*vt\n", + "Fl = rho*B*U*T\n", + "theta = math.degrees(math.asin(-T/(4*math.pi*R*U)))\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Peripheral velocity = %.2f fpx\"%vt\n", + "print \"Value of circulation = %.f ft62/s\"%(T)\n", + "print \" Transverse or lift force = %d lb\"%(round(Fl,-1))\n", + "print \" Position of stagnation points = %.1f degrees\"%(180-theta)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Peripheral velocity = 18.85 fpx\n", + "Value of circulation = 237 ft62/s\n", + " Transverse or lift force = 1690 lb\n", + " Position of stagnation points = 184.5 degrees\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.8 Page No : 331" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "B = 36. \t#ft\n", + "c = 6. \t#ft\n", + "Cl = 0.8\n", + "tau = 0.175 \n", + "rho = 0.001756\n", + "V = 300. \t#fps\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "alphai = Cl/(math.pi*B/c) *(1+tau) *180/math.pi\n", + "alpha = 5.4 \n", + "lift = -5.6 \t#degrees\n", + "alphao = alpha-alphai\n", + "alphaod = alphao-lift\n", + "alphaor = alphaod*math.pi/180\n", + "eta = Cl/(2*math.pi*alphaor)\n", + "Fl = Cl*rho*V**2 /2 *B*c\n", + "Fd = 0.047/Cl *13680\n", + "HP = Fd*V/550\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Friction coefficient = %.3f \"%(eta)\n", + "print \" weight of the wing = %d lb\"%(round(Fl,-1))\n", + "print \" Horsepower required = %d hp\"%(HP)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Friction coefficient = 0.896 \n", + " weight of the wing = 13650 lb\n", + " Horsepower required = 438 hp\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 10.9 Page No : 334" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "R = 287.\n", + "T = 249. \t#K\n", + "v = 600. \t#velocity - m/s\n", + "d = 0.2 \t#diameter - m\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "c = math.sqrt(k*R*T)\n", + "M = v/c\n", + "Cd = 0.62\n", + "rho = 47.22*10**3 /(R*T)\n", + "Fd = Cd*rho*v**2 /2 *math.pi*d**2 /4\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Drag = %d N\"%(Fd)\n", + "\n", + "# note : answer is accurate" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Drag = 2316 N\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch11.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch11.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f9ba8a6b --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch11.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:0a4301c920a86f7888d81f22a80d24105313c5ae1dd42947a9f33bfe49dcea1b" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 11 : Steady Flow in Open Channels" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.1 Page No : 348" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "y = 3.4 \t#ft\n", + "n = 0.016\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "A = (10+2*y)*y\n", + "P = 10+ 2*math.sqrt(5) *y\n", + "Rh = A/P\n", + "f = 116*n**2 /Rh**(1./3)\n", + "e = 14.8*Rh/ 10**(1./2/math.sqrt(f))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"absolute roughness of pipe = %.4f ft\"%(e)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "absolute roughness of pipe = 0.0159 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.2 Page No : 362" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "y = 1.495 \t#ft\n", + "Q = 14. \t#cfs\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "yc = (Q**2 /g *2)**(1./5)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"yc = %.2f ft is greater than uniform flow depth. Hence flow is supercritical\"%(yc)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "yc = 1.65 ft is greater than uniform flow depth. Hence flow is supercritical\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.3 Page No : 366" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "q = 27./4\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "Q = 27. \t#cfs\n", + "d = 2. \t#ft\n", + "dz1 = 0.3 \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "yc = (q**2 /g)**(1./3)\n", + "V2 = Q/(4*yc)\n", + "V1 = Q/(4*d)\n", + "dz = d+ V1**2 /(2*g) - V2**2/(2*g) - yc\n", + "y2 = 1.6 \t#ft\n", + "drop = d-(y2+dz1)\n", + "dz2 = 0.6 \t#ft\n", + "up = 2.12 \t#ft\n", + "down = 0.66 \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"yc = %.2f ft. Since, depth is greater than critical depth, the flow is subcritical\"%(yc)\n", + "print \" Drop in water height = %.2f ft\"%(drop)\n", + "print \" Drop upstream = %.2f ft and Downstream = %.2f ft\"%(up,down)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "yc = 1.12 ft. Since, depth is greater than critical depth, the flow is subcritical\n", + " Drop in water height = 0.10 ft\n", + " Drop upstream = 2.12 ft and Downstream = 0.66 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.5 Page No : 381" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "y0 = 2.17 \t#ft\n", + "q = 400./10 #flow rate\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "d = 4.8 \t#ft\n", + "S0 = 0.0016\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "yc = round((q**2 /g)**(1./3),2)\n", + "y2 = round(y0/2 *(-1 + math.sqrt(1+ 8*q**2 /(g*y0**3))),2)\n", + "y1 = round(d/2 *(-1 + math.sqrt(1+ 8*q**2/(g*d**3))),2)\n", + "E1 = round(y0 + (q/y0)**2 /(2*g),2)\n", + "E2 = round(y1+ (q/y1)**2 /(2*g),2)\n", + "Vm = 0.5*(q/y0 + q/y1)\n", + "Rm = 0.5*(y0/1.434 + y1/1.552)\n", + "S = (0.013*Vm/(1.49*Rm**(2./3)))**2\n", + "dx = (E1-E2)/(S-S0)\n", + "E1d = E2\n", + "E2d = d+ (q/4.8)**2 /(2*g)\n", + "HPl = 62.4*q*10*(E1d-E2d)/550\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Power loss = %.2f \"%(HPl)\n", + "#The answer is a bit different from the textbook due to rounding off error\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Power loss = 7.79 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 41 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 11.6 Page No : 386" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from numpy import *\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "y1 = array([1.5, 1.48])\n", + "V1 = array([2.22, 2.29])\n", + "d = 1.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "q = y1*V1\n", + "V2 = q/d\n", + "Vm = array([2.5, 2.56])\n", + "Rh1 = array([0.9, 0.89])\n", + "Rh2 = array([0.88, 0.78])\n", + "Rhm = (Rh1+Rh2)/2\n", + "S = (q*Vm/ Rhm**(2./3))**2\n", + "dx = [358 ,226]\n", + "yavg = (y1[0] + y1[1])/2\n", + "qavg = (q[0] + q[1])/2\n", + "B = 4.5\n", + "Q = qavg*B\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.1f m**3/s\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flow rate = 15.1 m**3/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch12.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch12.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6e1ff052 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch12.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:8b08667e1cca98a07d013ad939243dc9add7485e8e9e19c3e7221c1a62e2d3d1" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 12 : Fluid Measurements" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 12.1 Page No : 417" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "P1 = 10. \t#psia\n", + "Q = 0.6 \t#cfs\n", + "A1 = 0.0491 #ft**2\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "V = 39.2\t#fps\n", + "A0 = 0.0218 #ft**2\n", + "d1 = 2. \t#in\n", + "d2 = 3. \t#in\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Phead = P1*144/62.4\n", + "V1 = Q/A1\n", + "V2i = math.sqrt(2*g*(Phead + V1**2 /(2*g)))\n", + "Cv = V/V2i\n", + "A2 = Q/V\n", + "Cc = A2/A0\n", + "Cd = Cc*Cv\n", + "hL = (1/Cv**2 -1)*(1- (d1/d2)**4)*V**2 /(2*g)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \" Cc = %.2f \"%(Cc)\n", + "print \" Cd = %.2f\"%(Cd)\n", + "print \" Cv = %.2f\"%(Cv)\n", + "print \" Head loss = %.2f ft\"%(hL)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " Cc = 0.70 \n", + " Cd = 0.68\n", + " Cv = 0.97\n", + " Head loss = 1.23 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 12.2 Page No : 425" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "d = 2. \t#in\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "d1 = 3. \t#in\n", + "k = 1.06\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "A2 = math.pi/4 *d**2 /144\n", + "dp = d/12\n", + "Q = k*A2*math.sqrt(2*g*dp)\n", + "A = math.pi/4 *(d1/12)**2\n", + "V1 = Q/A\n", + "K2 = 1.04\n", + "Q2 = K2/k *Q\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.4f cfs\"%(Q2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flow rate = 0.0743 cfs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 12.3 Page No : 428" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "P1 = 700. \t#kN/m**2\n", + "P2 = 400. \t#kN/m**2\n", + "D2 = 12.5 \t#cm\n", + "D1 = 25. \t#cm\n", + "C = 0.985\n", + "g = 9.81\n", + "R = 287. \t#m**2/s**2 K\n", + "T = 273.+20 \t#K\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Pr = P2/P1\n", + "Dr = D2/D1\n", + "Y = 0.72\n", + "gam1 = P1*g/(R*T)\n", + "G = C*Y*math.pi/4 *(D2/100)**2 *math.sqrt(2*g*gam1*(P1-P2)/(1- Dr**4))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Weight flow rate = %.4f kN/s\"%(G)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Weight flow rate = 0.1971 kN/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 12.4 Page No : 432" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "V = 3. \t#fps\n", + "y = 1. \t#ft\n", + "L = 4. \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "H = (V*y/3.33)**(2./3)\n", + "P = L-H\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Height of weir = %.2f ft\"%(P)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Height of weir = 3.07 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch13.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch13.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c094073c --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch13.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,223 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:57afc22e72f8124575cf49b21448070d3e8a0ab91ff492996411fc02ec3e922d" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 13 : Unsteady-Flow Problems" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 13.1 Page No : 449" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ken = 0.5\n", + "kex = 0.2\n", + "f = 0.0018\n", + "l = 10. \t#ft\n", + "dia = 3. \t#in\n", + "z1 = 8.\n", + "z2 = 5.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "x1 = ken+kex+f*l*12/dia\n", + "t = 35.5*2/3 *(z1**(3./2) - z2**(3./2))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Time reqired = %.f s\"%(t)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Time reqired = 271 s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 13.2 Page No : 451" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "print (\"For steady state, dV/dt = 0\")\n", + "Q = 1600./449 #steady flow rate\n", + "A2 = 0.1963\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "rp2 = 2000. #speed of rotation - rpm\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V2 = Q/A2\n", + "hp1 = 32*V2**2 /(2*g) -50\n", + "hp2 = hp1*(rp2/1650)**2\n", + "hpf = 169. \t#ft\n", + "Q = 4.1 \t#cfs\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Steady state flow rate = %.2f cfs\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "For steady state, dV/dt = 0\n", + "Steady state flow rate = 4.10 cfs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 13.3 Page No : 455" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "from numpy import *\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "kl = 0.5\n", + "f = 0.02\n", + "L = 15. \t#length - m\n", + "D = 0.1 \t#ft\n", + "k = 3.5\n", + "g = 9.81\n", + "H = 2.\t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "k = kl+f*L/D\n", + "V0 = math.sqrt(2*g*H/(1+k))\n", + "Q = array([0.25, 0.5, 0.75])\n", + "V = V0*Q\n", + "Vfun = (2.95+V)/(2.95-V)\n", + "lnVfun = log(Vfun)\n", + "t = 1.129*lnVfun\n", + "\n", + "print \"ln t,s\"\n", + "#Results\n", + "for i in range(len(t)):\n", + " print \"%.3f %.3f\"%(lnVfun[i],t[i])\n", + "\n", + "print (\"Similarly, it can be calculated for L = 150,1500 ft\")\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "ln t,s\n", + "0.511 0.577\n", + "1.100 1.242\n", + "1.949 2.201\n", + "Similarly, it can be calculated for L = 150,1500 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 13.4 Page No : 462" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Q = 30. \t#cfs\n", + "r = 2. \t#ft\n", + "cp = 3200.\n", + "rho = 1.94\n", + "Q2 = 10. \t#cfs\n", + "z = 300. \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V = Q/(math.pi*r**2)\n", + "ph = rho*cp*V/144\n", + "phd = 4000/cp /(2*r) *ph\n", + "dV = (Q2-Q)/(math.pi*r**2)\n", + "dph = -rho*cp*dV/144\n", + "ph3 = rho*cp*V/3 /144\n", + "ph4 = ph3*z*2/cp\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Water hammer pressure = %.1f psi\"%(ph)\n", + "print \" Water hammer pressure in case 2 = %.1f psi\"%(phd)\n", + "print \" Water hammer pressure in case 3 = %.1f psi\"%(dph)\n", + "print \" Pressure at valve in case 4 = %.1f psi\"%(ph3)\n", + "print \" Pressure at 300 ft from reservoir = %.2f psi\"%(ph4)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Water hammer pressure = 102.9 psi\n", + " Water hammer pressure in case 2 = 32.2 psi\n", + " Water hammer pressure in case 3 = 68.6 psi\n", + " Pressure at valve in case 4 = 34.3 psi\n", + " Pressure at 300 ft from reservoir = 6.43 psi\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch14.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch14.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..12f3ef2c --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch14.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:bc0bdd3f42808393903a7a119b866f7bd775b8d70fdd54776d6bd686bc44038d" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 14 : Similarity Laws and Factors for Turbomachines" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 14.1 Page No : 479" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "g = 9.81 \t#kN/m**3\n", + "Q = 3.2 \t#m**3/s\n", + "h = 25 \t#m\n", + "eta = 0.82\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "bp = g*Q*h/eta\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Brake power = %d kW\"%(bp)\n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "D1 = 50.\n", + "n1 = 1450.\n", + "n2 = 1200.\n", + "D2 = 80.\n", + "Q1 = 3.2 \t#cfs\n", + "h1 = 25. \t#m\n", + "g = 9.81 \t#kN/m**3\n", + "eta = 0.82\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "h2 = h1*(D2/D1)**2 *(n2/n1)**2\n", + "Q2 = Q1*(D2/D1)**3 *(n2/n1)\n", + "bp = g*Q2*h2/eta\n", + "h1 = 82. \t #ft\n", + "Q1 = 50700. \t#gpm\n", + "h2 = 143.8 \t#ft\n", + "Q2 = 171800 \t#gpm\n", + "Ns1 = n1*math.sqrt(Q1) /h1**(3/4.) \n", + "Ns2 = n2*math.sqrt(Q2) /h2**(3/4.) \n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Brake power = %d kW\"%(round(bp,-1))\n", + "print \"Pumps are homologous. We expect them to have same specific speed and their speeds are %.1f and \\\n", + "%.1f\"%(round(Ns1,-1),round(Ns2,-1))\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Brake power = 957 kW\n", + "Brake power = 5690 kW\n", + "Pumps are homologous. We expect them to have same specific speed and their speeds are 11980.0 and 11980.0\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch15.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch15.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8510f9f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch15.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,240 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:5a87247e3e7d335ec3f93a6763434ef47db612054d0c0f12922c9d7638e3f184" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 15 : Impulse Turbines" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 15.1 Page No : 486" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "from numpy import *\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z2 = 500.\t#ft\n", + "z1 = 300.\t#ft\n", + "D = array([1, 1.5, 2 ,2.5, 3, 4, 6])\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "gam = 62.4\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Dj = D/12\n", + "Vj = sqrt((z2-z1)*2*g/(1.04 + 640.*Dj**4))\n", + "Aj = math.pi/4 *Dj**2\n", + "Q = Aj*Vj\n", + "Pjet = gam*Q*Vj**2 /(2*g) /550\n", + "Pj = max(Pjet)\n", + "for i in range(0,len(Pjet)):\n", + " if(Pjet[i] == Pj):\n", + " break\n", + " \n", + "diameter = D[i]\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Dj,in Dj,ft Vj,fps Aj,ft**2 Q=AjVj,cfs Pjet,hp\"\n", + "for i in range(len(D)):\n", + " print \"%5.1f %5.3f %5.f %7.4f %5.2f %5.1f\"%(D[i],Dj[i],Vj[i],Aj[i],Q[i],Pjet[i])\n", + "print \"Thus a pipe of %d in will be the optimum\"%(diameter)\n", + "\n", + "# answer are slightly different because of rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Dj,in Dj,ft Vj,fps Aj,ft**2 Q=AjVj,cfs Pjet,hp\n", + " 1.0 0.083 110 0.0055 0.60 12.7\n", + " 1.5 0.125 104 0.0123 1.27 24.2\n", + " 2.0 0.167 92 0.0218 2.00 29.6\n", + " 2.5 0.208 76 0.0341 2.58 26.1\n", + " 3.0 0.250 60 0.0491 2.96 19.0\n", + " 4.0 0.333 38 0.0873 3.31 8.4\n", + " 6.0 0.500 18 0.1963 3.48 1.9\n", + "Thus a pipe of 2 in will be the optimum\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 15.2 Page No : 498" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "from sympy.functions.elementary.trigonometric import acot\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "phi = 0.46\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "k = 0.44\n", + "cv = 0.98\n", + "d = 10. \t#in\n", + "A = 0.545 \t #ft**2\n", + "beta = 160. \t#degrees\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "u = phi*math.sqrt(2*g)\n", + "V1 = cv*math.sqrt(2*g)\n", + "gQ = 62.4*A*V1\n", + "T = d/2 *gQ/g *(1 - math.cos(math.radians(beta)) /math.sqrt(1+k) )*math.sqrt(2*g)*(cv-phi)\n", + "Power = T*2*u/d\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Torque required = %d ft lb\"%(T)\n", + "print \" Power transferred = %d ft lb/s\"%(Power)\n", + "Pi = gQ\n", + "He = Power/Pi\n", + "print \" Hydraulic efficiency = %.2f\"%(He)\n", + "v1 = V1-u\n", + "v2 = v1/(math.sqrt(1+k))\n", + "hl = k*v2**2 /(2*g)\n", + "print \"Head loss in bucket friction = %.1f %%\"%(hl*100)\n", + "Hn = (1/cv**2 -1)*V1**2 /(2*g)\n", + "print \" Head loss in nozzle = %.4f\"%(Hn*100)\n", + "V2cos = u+v2*math.cos(math.radians(beta))\n", + "V2sin = v2*math.sin(math.radians(beta))\n", + "#alpha = math.degrees(1/math.atan(V2cos/V2sin))\n", + "alpha = math.degrees(acot(V2cos/V2sin))\n", + "V2 = V2sin/math.sin(math.radians(alpha))\n", + "Hd = V2**2/(2*g)\n", + "print \" Head loss at discharge = %.1f %%\"%(Hd*100)\n", + "Htotal = Hd+Hn+hl\n", + "print \" Total head loss = %.2f %%\"%(Htotal*100)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Torque required = 309 ft lb\n", + " Power transferred = 228 ft lb/s\n", + " Hydraulic efficiency = 0.85\n", + "Head loss in bucket friction = 8.3 %\n", + " Head loss in nozzle = 3.9600\n", + " Head loss at discharge = 2.5 %\n", + " Total head loss = 14.70 %\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 15.3 Page No : 501" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "cv = 0.98\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "h = 1320. \t#ft\n", + "A = 0.196 \t#ft**2\n", + "eta = 0.85\n", + "ne = 400.\n", + "phi = 0.45\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V = cv*math.sqrt(2*g*h)\n", + "Q = A*V\n", + "bhp = eta*62.4*Q*h/550\n", + "ns = ne*math.sqrt(bhp) /h**(5./4)\n", + "u = phi*math.sqrt(2*g*h)\n", + "D = u*60/math.pi/ne\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Pitch diameter = %.2f ft\"%(D)\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# part b\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "cv = 0.98\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "h = 1320. \t#ft\n", + "A = 0.196 \t#ft**2\n", + "eta = 0.85\n", + "ne = 400.\n", + "phi = 0.45\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V = cv*math.sqrt(2*g*h)\n", + "Q = A*V/3\n", + "bhp = eta*62.4*Q*h/550\n", + "ne2 = 600.\n", + "ns1 = ne2*math.sqrt(bhp) /h**(5./4)\n", + "D = 2500./ne2\n", + "Dj = math.sqrt(Q*4/V/math.pi)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \" Jet diameter = %.3f ft\"%(Dj)\n", + "print \" Specific speed = %.2f \"%(ns1)\n", + "print \" Pitch Diameter = %.2f ft\"%(D)\n", + "print \" Operating speed = %d rpm\"%(ne2)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Pitch diameter = 6.26 ft\n", + " Jet diameter = 0.288 ft\n", + " Specific speed = 3.68 \n", + " Pitch Diameter = 4.17 ft\n", + " Operating speed = 600 rpm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch16.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch16.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..95cacefd --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch16.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:97054b18dca6dd35f36356f17f04ac0dbb81bc69e4ec9c5130f6bdf970d306a2" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 16 : Reaction Turbines" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 16.2 Page No : 525" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "from sympy.functions.elementary.trigonometric import acot\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ns = 20. \n", + "eta = 0.925\n", + "etah = 0.94\n", + "BD = 0.1\n", + "phie = 0.72\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "alpha2 = 90. \t#degrees\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Cr = ns**2 /(67100*phie**2 *BD*eta)\n", + "c1cos = etah/(2*phie)\n", + "alpha = math.degrees(math.atan(Cr/c1cos))\n", + "C1 = Cr/math.sin(alpha)\n", + "#beta1 = 1/math.tan(math.radians((C1*math.cos(alpha) -phie)/(C1*math.sin(alpha))))\n", + "cotb1 = (0.653 - phie)/0.1243\n", + "beta1 = math.degrees(1./math.atan(cotb1))\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Alpha = %.2f degrees\"%(alpha)\n", + "print \" Beta = %.2f degrees\"%(beta1)\n", + "print (\"part b\")\n", + "h = 402.\n", + "n = 600. \t#rpm\n", + "bhp = 3600.\n", + "ns = n*math.sqrt(bhp) /h**(5./4)\n", + "D = 153.2*phie*math.sqrt(h) /n\n", + "B = BD*D\n", + "Dt = D*0.735\n", + "Ac = 0.95*math.pi*D*B\n", + "Vr = Cr*math.sqrt(2*g*h)\n", + "Q = Ac*Vr\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \" Breadth = %.3f ft\"%(B)\n", + "print \" depth D = %.2f ft\"%(D)\n", + "print \" velocity Vr = %d ft/s\"%(Vr)\n", + "print \" Flow rate Q = %.1f cfs\"%(Q)\n", + "\n", + "# note : answers are slightly different because of rounding off error." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Alpha = 10.78 degrees\n", + " Beta = -115.90 degrees\n", + "part b\n", + " Breadth = 0.369 ft\n", + " depth D = 3.69 ft\n", + " velocity Vr = 20 ft/s\n", + " Flow rate Q = 81.1 cfs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 16.3 Page No : 527" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ns = 70. \n", + "z1 = 10. \t#ft\n", + "z2 = 5000. \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "P1 = 12.2*144/62.4\n", + "P2 = 0.26*144/62.4\n", + "sigmac = 0.31\n", + "h = (P1-P2-z1)/sigmac\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Max permissible head to assure against cavitation = %.f ft\"%(h)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Max permissible head to assure against cavitation = 57 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 16.4 Page No : 529" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Q = 600. \t#cfs\n", + "z = 350. \t#ft\n", + "eta = 0.9\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "power = 62.4*Q*z*eta/550\n", + "rpm = 75.\n", + "n = 2.\n", + "ns = rpm*math.sqrt(power/n) /z**(5./4)\n", + "phi = 0.45\n", + "D = 153.3*math.sqrt(z) *phi/rpm\n", + "rpm2 = 600.\n", + "ns2 = rpm2*math.sqrt(power/n) /z**(5./4)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"For two turbines, ns = %.2f\"%(ns)\n", + "print \"For Francis turbines, ns = %d \"%(ns2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "For two turbines, ns = 5.13\n", + "For Francis turbines, ns = 41 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch17.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch17.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b8eb3f65 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch17.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:8c6f5ddedf44ae20de67fc03890769a1dfcd2f9b5b396e3c44b963afe6559e1b" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 17 : Centrifugal and Axial-Flow Pumps" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 17.1 Page No : 543" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Ns = 500. #minimum practical specific speed\n", + "h = 900. \t#ft\n", + "Q = 1600. \t#gpm\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "ne = Ns*h**(3./4) /math.sqrt(Q)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Minimum rotative speed = %d rpm\"%(round(ne,-1))\n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ne = 600. \n", + "gpm = 1600.\n", + "Ns = 500.\n", + "Head = 900. \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "h = (ne*math.sqrt(gpm) /Ns)**(4./3)\n", + "n = Head/h\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"No. of stages = \",round(n,3)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Minimum rotative speed = 2050 rpm\n", + "No. of stages = 5.159\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 17.2 Page No : 543" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ne = 600. \n", + "gpm = 2000.\n", + "h = 150.\n", + "num = 2.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "ns = ne*math.sqrt(gpm) /h**(3./4)\n", + "gpm2 = num*gpm\n", + "h2 = num**2 *h\n", + "Ns = 2*ne*math.sqrt(gpm2) /h2**(3./4)\n", + "Ne2 = Ns*(h/2)**(3./4) /math.sqrt(gpm)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Specific speed in case1 = %d \"%(ns)\n", + "print \"Flow rate in case 2 = %d gpm\"%(gpm2)\n", + "print \" Head in case 2 = %d ft\"%(h2)\n", + "print \" Specific speed in case 2 = %d \"%(Ns)\n", + "print \" required operating speed in case 2 = %.f rpm\"%(Ne2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Specific speed in case1 = 626 \n", + "Flow rate in case 2 = 4000 gpm\n", + " Head in case 2 = 600 ft\n", + " Specific speed in case 2 = 626 \n", + " required operating speed in case 2 = 357 rpm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 17.3 Page No : 552" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ne = 600./2 \n", + "gpm = 1450.\n", + "h = 140.\n", + "NPSH = 10.4\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Ns = gpm*math.sqrt(ne) /h**(3./4)\n", + "sigmac = NPSH/h\n", + "zsmax = -3 \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Sigma C for the pump = %.4f\"%(sigmac)\n", + "print \" Position of pump = %d ft\"%(zsmax)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Sigma C for the pump = 0.0743\n", + " Position of pump = -3 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 17.4 Page No : 557" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "ne = 600.\n", + "gpm = 84500.\n", + "h = 225.\n", + "f = 0.95\n", + "phie = 1.1\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Ns = ne*math.sqrt(gpm) /h**(3./4)\n", + "u2 = phie*math.sqrt(2*g*h)\n", + "D = 153.2*phie*math.sqrt(h) /ne\n", + "D0 = 1.06*D*12 \t#in\n", + "B = 0.155*D0*12 \t#in\n", + "De = 0.6*D0\n", + "u0 = 1.06*u2\n", + "Vm2 = 0.15*u0\n", + "Area = 0.95*math.pi*D/144 *B\n", + "Q = Area*Vm2\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Specific speed = %d \"%(round(Ns,-1))\n", + "print \" Flow rate = %d cfs\"%(Q)\n", + "print \" Eye diameter = %.1f in\"%(De)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Specific speed = 3000 \n", + " Flow rate = 183 cfs\n", + " Eye diameter = 32.2 in\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch2.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch2.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6c605e78 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch2.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:dcc8f42948d54861c1b3938fe3127fa1812368cca6f5d25f547cacd56a9fddb2" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 2 : Fluid Statics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.1 Page No : 24" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z = 20000. \t#ft\n", + "rate = -0.00356 \t#F/ft\n", + "T = 59. \t#F\n", + "P = 14.7 \t#psia\n", + "gamma = 0.076 \t#lb/ft**3\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "P2 = P*144 - gamma*(z)\n", + "P2f = P2/144\n", + "P3 = P*math.exp(-gamma*z/(P*144))\n", + "P4 = ((P*144)**0.285 -0.285*gamma*z*(P*144)**(-0.715))**(1/0.285)\n", + "P4f = P4/144.\n", + "P5 = P*((460+T)/(460+T+rate*z))**(gamma*(T+460)/(P*144*rate))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print ' Constant density'\n", + "print ' Final pressure = %.2f psia'%(P2f)\n", + "print ' \\nIsothermal'\n", + "print ' Final pressure = %.2f psia'%(P3)\n", + "print ' \\nIsentropic'\n", + "print ' Final pressure = %.1f psia'%(P4f)\n", + "print ' \\nLinear decrease'\n", + "print ' Final pressure = %.1f psia'%(P5)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " Constant density\n", + " Final pressure = 4.14 psia\n", + " \n", + "Isothermal\n", + " Final pressure = 7.17 psia\n", + " \n", + "Isentropic\n", + " Final pressure = 6.6 psia\n", + " \n", + "Linear decrease\n", + " Final pressure = 6.8 psia\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.2 Page No : 37" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "wA = 53.5 \t#weight of A - lb/ft**3\n", + "wA2 = 8.4 \t#kN/m**3\n", + "wB = 78.8 \t#weight of B - lb/ft**3\n", + "wB2 = 12.3 \t#kN/m**3\n", + "PB = 30. \t#pressure at B - psi\n", + "PB2 = 200. \t#kN/m**2\n", + "AB = 1.3 \t#ft\n", + "AB2 = 40./100 \t#m\n", + "BC = 6.5 \t#ft\n", + "BC2 = 2. \t#m\n", + "CD = 10. \t#ft\n", + "CD2 = 3. \t#m\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "PAbyGB = PB*144/wB - AB*13.55*62.4/wB - (BC+CD) + (AB+BC)*wA/wB\n", + "PA = PAbyGB*wB/144.\n", + "PAbyGB2 = PB2/wB2 - AB2*13.55*9.81/wB2 - (BC2+CD2) + (AB2+BC2)*wA2/wB2\n", + "PA2 = PAbyGB2*wB2\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print ' English units'\n", + "print \" Final pressure = %.1f psi\"%(PA)\n", + "print ' \\n SI Units'\n", + "print \" Final pressure = %d kPa\"%(PA2+1)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " English units\n", + " Final pressure = 16.2 psi\n", + " \n", + " SI Units\n", + " Final pressure = 106 kPa\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.3 Page No : 41" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "from numpy import *\n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "W = 500. \t#weight of gate - lb\n", + "width = 2. \t#ft\n", + "len1 = 4. \t#ft\n", + "CGx = 1.2 \t#ft\n", + "CGy = 0.9 \t#ft\n", + "theta = 30. \t#degrees\n", + "gam = 62.4 \t#lb/ft**3\n", + "\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Fv = width*len1 \t#multiply by gam*x\n", + "F = width/(2*math.cos(math.radians(theta))) \t#multiply by gam*x*x\n", + "vector = roots([F*gam*0.770/2,0, - Fv*gam*width,W*CGx])\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print 'The gate will remain closed between %.2f ft and %.2f ft'%(vector[2],vector[1])\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "The gate will remain closed between 0.61 ft and 5.67 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.4 Page No : 43" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z1 = 1. \t#in\n", + "z2 = 2. \t#in\n", + "z3 = 2. \t#in\n", + "sOil = 0.8 \n", + "sWater = 1.\n", + "Pa = 3. \t#psi\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Pd = (Pa) + (z2+z1)*sOil*62.4/144 + 62.4*z3/144\n", + "Fa = Pa*144*math.pi*z3**2\n", + "Fb = sOil*62.4*(z2+z1-(z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi))*(math.pi*z3**2 /2)\n", + "Fc = sOil*62.4*(z2+z1)*(math.pi*z3**2 /2)\n", + "Fd = 62.4*(z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi)*(math.pi*z3**2 /2)\n", + "F = Fa+Fb+Fc+Fd\n", + "yPa = z2+z1\n", + "yCb = z2+z1-(z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi) \n", + "ICb = math.pi*(z2+z3)**4 /128 -0.5*math.pi*z2**2 *((z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi))**2\n", + "yPb = yCb+ICb/(yCb*0.5*math.pi*z2**2)\n", + "yPc = z2+z1+ (z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi) \n", + "ICd = ICb\n", + "yPd = z2+z1 + (z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi) + ICb/((z2+z3)*z2/((z2+z1)*math.pi)*0.5*math.pi*z3**2 )\n", + "yP = (Fa*yPa+Fb*yPb+Fc*yPc+Fd*yPd)/F\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print ' case 1'\n", + "print ' Pressure at the bottom = %.1f psi'%(Pd)\n", + "print ' \\n case 2'\n", + "print ' Net force = %d lb'%( F+3)\n", + "print ' Location of net force = %.2f ft'%( yP)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " case 1\n", + " Pressure at the bottom = 4.9 psi\n", + " \n", + " case 2\n", + " Net force = 7380 lb\n", + " Location of net force = 3.10 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.5 Page No : 46" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "dia = 4. \t#m\n", + "P = 35. \t#kN/m**2\n", + "theta = 30. #degrees\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Fx = P*(dia-dia*(1-math.cos(math.radians(theta)))/2.)\n", + "Fz = P*dia*math.sin(math.radians(theta))/2\n", + "dist = (dia-dia*(1-math.cos(math.radians(theta)))/2.)\n", + "Fxb = 9.81*dist*dist/2 \n", + "Fzb = 9.81*((180+theta)*math.pi*(dia/2)**2/360 + math.sqrt(3) /2 + dia/2)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print ' part a'\n", + "print ' Horizontal force = %.1f kN/m to the right'%( Fx)\n", + "print ' Vertical force = %.1f kN/m upward' %( Fz)\n", + "print ' \\n part b'\n", + "print ' force by the fluid = %.1f kN/m to the right'%(Fxb)\n", + "print ' weight of the cross-hatched volume of liquid = %.1f kN/m Upward'%(Fzb )\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " part a\n", + " Horizontal force = 130.6 kN/m to the right\n", + " Vertical force = 35.0 kN/m upward\n", + " \n", + " part b\n", + " force by the fluid = 68.3 kN/m to the right\n", + " weight of the cross-hatched volume of liquid = 100.0 kN/m Upward\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.6 Page No : 49" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "from numpy.linalg import solve\n", + "from numpy import *\n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "d1 = 4. \t#diameter - in\n", + "h1 = 3.75 \t#in\n", + "w1 = 0.85 \t#weight of cylinder - lb\n", + "gamma = 52. #lb/ft**3\n", + "d2 = 5. \t#in\n", + "depth = 3. \t#in\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "A = array([[(d1/2)*(d1/2), -(d2/2)*(d2/2)+(d1/2)*(d1/2)],[ 1,1]])\n", + "b = array([[0],[w1*12*(12*2/d1)**2 /(gamma*math.pi)]])\n", + "C = solve(A,b)\n", + "x = C[0]\n", + "y = C[1]\n", + "height = depth-x\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print 'Bottom of the cylinder will be %.2f in above the bottom of hollow cylinder'%(height)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Bottom of the cylinder will be 2.19 in above the bottom of hollow cylinder\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 2.7 Page No : 52" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "v = 180. \t#velocity - m/s\n", + "angle = 40. #degrees\n", + "a = 4. \t#m/s**2\n", + "r = 2600. \t#radius - m\n", + "g = 9.81 \t#m/s**2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "#Assume outward and right as positive\n", + "an = round(-v*v/r,1)\n", + "at = -a\n", + "ax = at*math.cos(math.radians(angle)) +an*math.sin(math.radians(angle))\n", + "az = at*math.sin(math.radians(angle)) -an*math.cos(math.radians(angle))\n", + "tangent = ax/(az+g)\n", + "theta = math.degrees(math.atan(tangent))\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print 'Angle made by the free liquid = %.1f degrees'%(-theta)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Angle made by the free liquid = 33.4 degrees\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch3.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch3.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5b3a116e --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch3.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:3a66fd8d35a6b920ec6df68f36f6af53b925b694b7b276b4adb69f10c536acff" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 3 : Kinematics of Fluid Flow" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.1 Page No : 78" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Q = 0.5 \t#cfs\n", + "d1 = 8. \t#in\n", + "d2 = 4. \t#in\n", + "R = 2. \t#in\n", + "h = 0.59 \t#in\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Aa = math.pi*(d1/12)**2 /4\n", + "Va = Q/Aa\n", + "Ab = 2*math.pi*R*h/144\n", + "Vb = Q/Ab\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Average velocity at section A = %.2f fps \"%(Va)\n", + "print \" Average velocity at section B = %.2f fps \"%(Vb)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Average velocity at section A = 1.43 fps \n", + " Average velocity at section B = 9.71 fps \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 3.2 Page No : 81" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Q = 0.5 \t#cfs\n", + "d1 = 8. \t#in\n", + "d2 = 4. \t#in\n", + "R = 2. \t#in\n", + "theta = 45.\t#degrees\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "h = (1-math.cos(math.radians(theta))) \t#Multiply by r\n", + "Aa = round(2*math.pi*h,2) \t#Multiply by r**2\n", + "V = Q/Aa \t#divide by r**2\n", + "aA = 0\n", + "r = 0.167 \t#ft\n", + "V1 = V/r**2\n", + "dvbydx = round(V*2/r**3)\n", + "aB = V1*dvbydx\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "#The answer varies a bit from the text due to rounding off error\n", + "print \"Acceleration at A = %d since flow is steady\"%(aA)\n", + "print \"Acceleration at B = %d ft/s**2\"%(aB)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error. please check." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Acceleration at A = 0 since flow is steady\n", + "Acceleration at B = 1140 ft/s**2\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch4.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch4.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..1aeaf24f --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch4.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,456 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:204da51ebf9aa715601d60f6e1aaa3c9734a35c1b9cad7274440a88878e8202c" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 4 : Energy Considerations in Steady Flow" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.1 Page No : 93" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "d = 1.26 #specific gravity\n", + "d = 24. \t#in\n", + "d2 = 60. #cm\n", + "Q = 25. \t#cfs\n", + "Q2 = 700. \t#L/s\n", + "dout = 12. \t#in\n", + "dout2 = 30./100 \t#m\n", + "z = 3. \t #ft\n", + "z2 = 1. \t#m\n", + "P1 = 45. \t#psi\n", + "P2 = 300. \t#kN/m**2\n", + "gamma = 9.81 \t#kN/m**3\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V1 = d/math.pi\n", + "V2 = d*4/math.pi\n", + "pf = (P1*144/(1.26*62.4) + (V1**2)/64.4 - V2**2 /64.4 +z)*1.26*62.4/144\n", + "V1 = Q2/1000/(math.pi*dout2**2)\n", + "V2 = 4*V1\n", + "p2f = ((P2/(1.26*gamma)) + V1**2 /(2*gamma) -V2**2 /(2*gamma) +z2)*1.26*gamma\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \" English units\"\n", + "print \" Pressure at point 2 = %.1f psi \"%(pf)\n", + "print \" \\n SI Units\"\n", + "print \" Pressure at point 2 = %.d kN/m**2 \"%(p2f)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " English units\n", + " Pressure at point 2 = 39.2 psi \n", + " \n", + " SI Units\n", + " Pressure at point 2 = 254 kN/m**2 \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.2 Page No : 94" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "h = 20. \t#m\n", + "c = 4187. \t#N m /(kg K)\n", + "g = 9.81\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "dT = g*h/c\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Increase in temperature of water = %.3f K\"%(dT)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Increase in temperature of water = 0.047 K\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.3 Page No : 96" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "sg = 1.26 #specific gravity of liquid\n", + "sg2 = 1.26 #\n", + "HP = 22.\n", + "HP2 = 16.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "hp = HP*550/(sg*62.4) \t#divide by Q\n", + "Q = 14.2 \t#cfs\n", + "print \"In English units, By trial Q = %.1f cfs\"%(Q)\n", + "hp2 = HP2*1000/(sg2*9.81)\n", + "Q2 = 0.42 \t#m**3/s\n", + "print \" In SI units, By trial Q = %.2f m**3/s\"%(Q2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "In English units, By trial Q = 14.2 cfs\n", + " In SI units, By trial Q = 0.42 m**3/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.4 Page No : 96" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "g = 9810. \t#N/m**3\n", + "Q = 10 \t #m**3/s\n", + "H = 20 \t #m\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Rate = g*Q*H/1000\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Rate of energy loss = %d kW\"%(Rate-2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Rate of energy loss = 1960 kW\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.5 Page No : 98" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "s = 0.86\n", + "P2 = 3.8 \t#pressure - psia\n", + "Patm = 26.8 \t#atmospheric pressure - Hg\n", + "SPatm = 29.9 \t#in of Hg\n", + "psi = 14.7 \t#psia\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Pa = Patm*psi/SPatm\n", + "Pcrit = -(Pa-P2)*144/(s*62.4)\n", + "Q = math.sqrt((-Pcrit+ 10*144/(s*62.4))*64.4*math.pi**2 /(-1/2.25**2 + 1/0.25**2 ))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Max. theoretical flow = %.1f cfs\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Max. theoretical flow = 45.7 cfs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.6 Page No : 104" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z = 3. \t#ft\n", + "s = 0.82\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "ua = math.sqrt(z*2*32.2)\n", + "ub = math.sqrt(2*32.2*(-2*(1-s) +ua**2 /(2*32.2)))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Velocity at B = %.1f fps\"%(ub)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Velocity at B = 13.0 fps\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.7 Page No : 108" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "d = 3. \t#in\n", + "x1 = 0.5**2\n", + "x2 = 0.75**2\n", + "z = 80. \t#ft\n", + "z3 = 10. \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "print (\"Using Bernoullis theorem\")\n", + "v3 = 29.7 \t#fps\n", + "Q = math.pi /4 *(d/12)**2 *v3\n", + "hls = 5*(x1*v3)**2 /(2*32.2)\n", + "hld = 12*(x2*v3)**2 /(2*32.2)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Head loss in suction pipe = %.1f ft\"%(hls)\n", + "print \" Head loss in discharge pipe = %.1f ft\"%(hld)\n", + "print \" Flow rate = %.2f cfs\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Using Bernoullis theorem\n", + "Head loss in suction pipe = 4.3 ft\n", + " Head loss in discharge pipe = 52.0 ft\n", + " Flow rate = 1.46 cfs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.8 Page No : 109" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z1 = 2.\n", + "z2 = 0.8\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "print (\"From equation of continuity, z1*v1 = z2*v2\")\n", + "V1 = math.sqrt((z2-z1)*2*9.81/(1-z1**2 /z2**2))\n", + "V2 = z1*V1/z2\n", + "Q = z1*1*V1\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.2f m**3/s\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "From equation of continuity, z1*v1 = z2*v2\n", + "Flow rate = 4.24 m**3/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.9 Page No : 113" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "theta = 30. \t#degrees\n", + "z = 10. \t#ft\n", + "x = 60. \t #ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V = math.sqrt((0.5*32.2*69.3**2)/((x-math.sin(math.radians(theta)) *69.3)))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"velocity = %.0f fps\"%(V)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "velocity = 55 fps\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 4.10 Page No : 119" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "V = 60. \t#fps\n", + "theta = 15. #degrees\n", + "ra = 6/12. \t#ft\n", + "rb = 8/12. \t#ft\n", + "B = 1.5/12 \t#ft\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Vra = V*math.sin(math.radians(theta))\n", + "Q = 2* math.pi*ra*B*Vra\n", + "Vratio = ra/rb\n", + "Vb = Vratio*V\n", + "flow = (V**2 - Vb**2)/(2*32.2)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.2f cfs\"%(Q)\n", + "print \" Velocity at b = %d fps\"%(Vb)\n", + "print \" Pressure head = %.1f ft\"%(flow)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flow rate = 6.10 cfs\n", + " Velocity at b = 45 fps\n", + " Pressure head = 24.5 ft\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch6.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch6.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6137e1dc --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch6.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,406 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:7a16c4d96ee700a37dba4a242e55bbbe161eeaa4c40448cf9c981c1c38399b2e" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 6 : Momentum and Forces in Fluid Flow" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.1 Page No : 153" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "g = 9.81 \t#kN/m**3\n", + "V2 = 12. \t#velocity - m/s\n", + "V3 = 12. \t#m/s\n", + "A2 = 10.**2\n", + "A1 = 15.**2\n", + "A3 = 7.5**2\n", + "t1 = 15. \n", + "t2 = 30.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V1 = (A2*V2 + A3*V3)/A1\n", + "Q1 = round(math.pi /4 *A1*10**-4 *V1,3)\n", + "Q2 = round(math.pi /4 *A2*10**-4 *V2,3)\n", + "Q3 = round(math.pi /4 *A3*10**-4 *V3,3)\n", + "P1g = round(V3**2 /(2*g) - V1**2 /(2*g),2)\n", + "P1 = round(P1g*g,1)\n", + "rho = 10**3 \n", + "V2x = V2*math.cos(math.radians(t1))\n", + "V3x = V3*math.cos(math.radians(t2))\n", + "V1x = V1\n", + "Fx = -P1*A1*10**-4 + (rho*Q2*V2x + rho*Q3*V3x - rho*Q1*V1x)\n", + "Fx = Fx*10**-3 \n", + "V2y = V2*math.sin(math.radians(t1))\n", + "V3y = -V3*math.sin(math.radians(t2))\n", + "V1y = 0\n", + "Fy = rho*Q2*V2y +rho*Q3*V3y -rho*Q1*V1y\n", + "Fy = Fy*10**-3\n", + "Fnlx = 0.659 - Fx\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Force in x directio = %.3f kN\"%(Fx)\n", + "print \" Force in y direction = %.3f kN\"%(Fy)\n", + "print \"(Fl/n)x = %.3f kN\"%Fnlx\n", + "print \"(Fl/n)y = %.3f kN\"%-Fy\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Force in x directio = 0.415 kN\n", + " Force in y direction = -0.026 kN\n", + "(Fl/n)x = 0.244 kN\n", + "(Fl/n)y = 0.026 kN\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.2 Page No : 155" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "V1x = 100. \t#ft/sec\n", + "V2x = 0.866*95\n", + "V1y = 0.\n", + "V2y = .5*95\n", + "A1 = 0.0218 \t#ft**2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Q = A1*V1x\n", + "rho = 1.94\n", + "Fx = rho*Q*(V2x-V1x)\n", + "Fxr = -Fx\n", + "Fy = rho*Q*(V2y-V1y)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Horizontal force on the blade = %.1f lb\"%(Fxr)\n", + "print \" Vertical force on the blade = %.f lb\"%(Fy)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Horizontal force on the blade = 75.0 lb\n", + " Vertical force on the blade = 201 lb\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.3 Page No : 159" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "v2 = 36. \t#fps\n", + "beta = 150. \t#degrees\n", + "u = 60. \t#velocity - fps\n", + "rho = 1.94\n", + "Qd = 0.0218\n", + "V1 = 100. \t#fps\n", + "gam = 62.4\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "v2s = v2*math.sin(math.radians(beta))\n", + "v2c = u+v2*math.cos(math.radians(beta))\n", + "V2 = 34. \t#fps\n", + "alpha = 32 \t #degrees\n", + "Fx = rho*Qd*(v2c-V1)*(V1-u)\n", + "Fy = -rho*Qd*(V1-u)*v2s\n", + "Fx2 = rho*Qd*V1*(v2c-V1)\n", + "HPin = gam*Qd*V1*(V1**2 /(2*g))/550\n", + "HPout = gam*Qd*V1*(V2**2 /(2*g))/550\n", + "HPtransfer = -Fx2*u/550\n", + "HPfl = HPin-HPout-HPtransfer\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Force exerted by water on the vane = %d lb\"%(Fx2)\n", + "print \" Friction loss = %.1f hp \"%(HPfl)\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Force exerted by water on the vane = -301 lb\n", + " Friction loss = 1.1 hp \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.4 Page No : 162" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z1 = 35. \t#ft\n", + "z3 = 20. \t#ft\n", + "P1 = 30. \t#psi\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "z2 = 10. \t#ft\n", + "d2 = 4. \t#in\n", + "rho = 1.94\n", + "be = 20. \t#degrees\n", + "W = 150. \t#lb\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V3 = math.sqrt(2*g*(P1*144/55 + z1-z3))\n", + "Q = 3.81 \t#cfs\n", + "V2 = 43.6 \t#fps\n", + "P2 = round(55*(z3+ V3**2/(2*g) - z2 - V2**2/(2*g))/144,1)\n", + "Fx = round(P2*math.pi/4 *d2**2 - rho*55/62.4 *Q*(V3*math.cos(math.radians(be)) - V2) )\n", + "Fy = rho*55/62.4 *Q*(V3*math.sin(math.radians(be)) ) + W\n", + "Fres = math.sqrt(Fx**2 + Fy**2)\n", + "Fsx = rho*Q*55/62.4*(V3*math.cos(math.radians(be)) )\n", + "\n", + "#calculations\n", + "print \" resultant force = %.f lb\"%(Fy)\n", + "print \" horizontal component of force = %d lb\"%(Fsx)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " resultant force = 323 lb\n", + " horizontal component of force = 475 lb\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.5 Page No : 168" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "omega = 300. \t#rpm\n", + "r1 = 1.6 \t #ft\n", + "Q = 120. \t #cfs\n", + "z = 0.8 \t#ft\n", + "beta1 = 80. \t#degrees\n", + "r2 = 1. \t#ft\n", + "rho = 1.94\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "gam = 62.4\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "print (\"part a\")\n", + "u1 = round((2*math.pi/60)*omega*r1,1)\n", + "Vr1 = round(Q/(2*math.pi*r1*z),2)\n", + "v1 = round(Vr1/math.sin(math.radians(beta1)),2)\n", + "v2c = round(v1*math.cos(math.radians(beta1)),1)\n", + "V1c = round(u1+v2c,1)\n", + "u2 = round((2*math.pi/60)*omega*r2,1)\n", + "Vr2 = round(Vr1*(r1/r2),1)\n", + "beta2 = Vr2/u2 \n", + "beta = 37.2\n", + "print \"required Blade angle = %.1f degrees\"%(180-beta)\n", + "print (\"part b\")\n", + "T = round(rho*Q*(r1*V1c),-2)\n", + "power = round(T*u2,-3)\n", + "print \"Torque exerted = %d ft lb/s\"%(power)\n", + "print (\"part c\")\n", + "h2 = round(u1*V1c/g,1)\n", + "Power = round(gam*Q*h2,-3)\n", + "print \"Torque exerted = %d ft lb/s\"%(Power)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "part a\n", + "required Blade angle = 142.8 degrees\n", + "part b\n", + "Torque exerted = 619000 ft lb/s\n", + "part c\n", + "Torque exerted = 619000 ft lb/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.6 Page No : 174" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "V1 = 150.*44/30\n", + "Q = 20000./2\n", + "d = 6.5 \t #diameter - ft\n", + "rho = 0.072\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "A = math.pi/4 *(d)**2\n", + "V = int(Q/A)\n", + "dV = 2*(V-V1)\n", + "Ft = round(rho/32.2 *Q*2*dV,-1)\n", + "eta = round(1/(1+ dV/(2*V1)),2)\n", + "dP = Ft/2 /(math.pi/4) /d**2\n", + "hpp = Q*dP/550\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"pressure rise = %d psf\"%(dP)\n", + "print \" horsepower input = %d hp \"%(round(hpp,-1))\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "pressure rise = 109 psf\n", + " horsepower input = 1980 hp \n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 24 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 6.7 Page No : 175" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "V1 = 8.02 \t#fps\n", + "V2 = 16.04 \t#fps\n", + "Q = 481. \t#cfs\n", + "rho = 1.94\n", + "A = 10*6\n", + "d = 3.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Fx = 62.4*d*A - 62.4*d/2 *A/2 - rho*Q*(V2-V1)\n", + "V1m = 2.56 \t#m/s\n", + "V2m = 5.12 \t#m/s\n", + "Qm = 15.4 \t#m**2/s\n", + "dm = 1\n", + "Am = 2*3\n", + "rhom = 1\n", + "Fxm = 9.81*dm*Am - 9.81*dm/2 *Am/2 - rhom*Qm*(V2m-V1m)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Force in x- direction = %d lb\"%(Fx)\n", + "print \"Force in x- direction = %.1f kN\"%(Fxm)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Force in x- direction = 940 lb\n", + "Force in x- direction = 4.7 kN\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch7.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch7.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7716aa43 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch7.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:cffb7499e644cbe142eb25461633ec2cdaafe8ff11e84d4c7e11093fb9322221" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 7 : Similitude and Dimensional Analysis" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.2 Page No : 192" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Dratio = 8.\n", + "mu = 0.0006\n", + "rho = 52/32.2\n", + "vm = 1.22*10**-5 \t# lbs/ft**2\n", + "V = 45. # velocity - fps\n", + "Fm = 0.8\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "vp = round(mu/rho,7)\n", + "Vm = vm*V/(Dratio*vp)\n", + "Fratio = rho*V**2 /(1.94*Vm**2 *Dratio**2)\n", + "Fp = Fratio*Fm\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"velocity = %.2f fps\"%(Vm)\n", + "print \" Drag force = %d lb\"%(Fp)\n", + "\n", + "# note : The answer given in textbook for vp is wrong. Hence, the difference in answers\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "velocity = 0.18 fps\n", + " Drag force = 617 lb\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 7.3 Page No : 195" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "L = 50.\n", + "Fm = 0.02 \t#N\n", + "Vm = 1. \t#m/s\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Fp = L**3 *Fm \n", + "Fp = Fp*0.2248\n", + "Vp = math.sqrt(L) *Vm\n", + "Vp = Vp*3.28\n", + "Hp = Fp*Vp/550\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Required horsepower = %.1f hp\"%(Hp)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Required horsepower = 23.7 hp\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch8.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch8.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..03491869 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch8.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:b340580fbd227dce130b380a32e6ef916d9ee3613549fbd41c895ab6ef6ec7e3" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 8 : Steady Incompressible Flow in Pressure Conduits" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.1 Page No : 205" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "s = 0.85\n", + "v = 1.8*10**-5 \t#m**2 /s\n", + "d = 10. \t#cm\n", + "flow = 0.5 \t #L/s\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Q = flow*10**3\n", + "A = math.pi*d**2 /4\n", + "V = Q/A\n", + "V = V/10**2\n", + "R = d*10**-2 *V/v\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"reynolds number = %.f. Hence the flow is laminar\"%(R)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "reynolds number = 354. Hence the flow is laminar\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.2 Page No : 212" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Vc = 12.7 \t#cm/s\n", + "r = 2. \t#cm\n", + "r2 = 5. \t#cm\n", + "R = 354.\n", + "rho = 0.85\n", + "V = 6.37 \t#cm/s\n", + "D = 0.1 \t#m\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "k = Vc/r2**2\n", + "f = 64/R\n", + "T0 = f/4 *rho*V**2 /2\n", + "T02 = T0/10\n", + "hr = f*(V*10**-2)**2 /(2*9.81*D)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Friction factor = %.2f\"%(f)\n", + "print \" Shear stress at the pipe wall = %.3f N/m**2\"%(T02)\n", + "print \" Head loss per pipe length = %.5f m/m\"%(hr)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Friction factor = 0.18\n", + " Shear stress at the pipe wall = 0.078 N/m**2\n", + " Head loss per pipe length = 0.00037 m/m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.3 Page No : 222" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "Q = 2. \n", + "A = 0.196 \t#cm**2\n", + "D = 0.5 \t #ft\n", + "rho = 0.9*1.94\n", + "mu = 0.0008 \t#viscosity - lb s/ft**2\n", + "hl = 25.\n", + "g = 32.2 \t #ft/sec**2\n", + "L = 200. \t #ft\n", + "r = 2. \t #in\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V = Q/A\n", + "R = D*V*rho/mu\n", + "f = hl*D*2*g/(L*V**2)\n", + "umax = V*(1+1.33*math.sqrt(f))\n", + "T0 = f*rho*V**2 /8\n", + "u2 = umax - 5.75* math.sqrt(T0/rho) *math.log10(D*12/r)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Center line velocity = %.1f fps\"%(umax)\n", + "print \" Shear stress = %.2f lb/ft**2\"%(T0)\n", + "print \" Velcoity at 2 in from center line = %.2f fps\"%(u2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Center line velocity = 12.9 fps\n", + " Shear stress = 0.88 lb/ft**2\n", + " Velcoity at 2 in from center line = 10.93 fps\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.4 Page No : 228" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "f = 0.0131\n", + "d = 0.5 \t#m\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V = 2.12 \t#m/s\n", + "R = 10**6\n", + "Q = math.pi*d**2 /4 *V \n", + "d1 = 32.8*10**-6 /(V* math.sqrt(f))\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"flow rate = %.3f m**3/s\"%(Q)\n", + "print \" nominal thickness = %.3e m\"%(d1)\n", + "\n", + "# note : rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "flow rate = 0.416 m**3/s\n", + " nominal thickness = 1.352e-04 m\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.5 Page No : 241" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "dz = 260. \t#ft\n", + "ke = 0.5\n", + "f = 0.02\n", + "l = 5000. \t#length of pipe - ft\n", + "D = 10. \t#in\n", + "A2 = 0.545\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V2by2g = dz/(1 + ke + f*l/(D/12))\n", + "V2 = V2by2g*2*32.2\n", + "V = math.sqrt(V2)\n", + "DV = D*V\n", + "Q = math.pi/4 *(D/12)**2 *V\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.2f cfs\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flow rate = 6.40 cfs\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.6 Page No : 242" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "z = 260. \t#ft\n", + "f = 0.02\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "V2by2g = z/(1.11*256 + 6000*f)\n", + "V2 = V2by2g*2*32.2\n", + "V = math.sqrt(V2)\n", + "Q = 0.545*V\n", + "V3 = 16*V\n", + "H = z-f*6000*V2by2g\n", + "V3 = 16*V\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"rate of discharge = %.2f cfs\"%(Q)\n", + "print \"V3 = %.1f fps\"%V3\n", + "\n", + "# rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "rate of discharge = 3.51 cfs\n", + "V3 = 103.0 fps\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.7 Page No : 246" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "g = 52.\n", + "Hp = 2.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Q = 3.48 \t#cfs\n", + "V6 = 3.48/0.196\n", + "P = -20.9 \t#ft\n", + "P2 = P*(g/144)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.2f cfs\"%(Q)\n", + "print \" Pressure in the pipe = %.2f psi\"%(P2)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flow rate = 3.48 cfs\n", + " Pressure in the pipe = -7.55 psi\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.8 Page No : 250" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "h = 10. \t#m\n", + "g = 9.81 \t#m/s**2\n", + "f1 = 0.019\n", + "f2 = 0.021\n", + "f3 = 0.020\n", + "z1 = 300. \t#m\n", + "z2 = 150. \t#m\n", + "z3 = 250. \t#m\n", + "d1 = 0.3 \t#m\n", + "d2 = 0.2 \t#m\n", + "d3 = 0.25 \t#m\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "print (\"part(a)\")\n", + "Vbyg = h/(f1*z1/d1 +f2*z2/d2 *(d1/d2)**4 + f3*z3/d3 *(d1/d3)**4)\n", + "V1 = math.sqrt(2*g*Vbyg)\n", + "Q = math.pi/4 *d1**2 *V1\n", + "print \" Flow rate = %.3f m**3/s\"%(Q)\n", + "print ('Part(b)')\n", + "Le2 = z2*f2/f1 *(d1/d2)**5\n", + "Le3 = z3*f3/f1 *(d1/d3)**5\n", + "Le1 = z1\n", + "Le = Le1+Le2+Le3\n", + "V1byg = h*d1/Le/f1\n", + "V2 = math.sqrt(2*g*V1byg)\n", + "Q1 = math.pi/4 *d1**2 *V2\n", + "print \" Flow rate = %.3f m**3/s\"%(Q1)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "part(a)\n", + " Flow rate = 0.084 m**3/s\n", + "Part(b)\n", + " Flow rate = 0.084 m**3/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 8.9 Page No : 252" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "d1 = 6./12 \t#ft\n", + "d2 = 4./12 \t#ft\n", + "d3 = 8./12 \t#ft\n", + "l1 = 2000. \t#ft\n", + "l2 = 1600. \t#ft\n", + "l3 = 4000. \t#ft\n", + "f1 = 0.020\n", + "f2 = 0.032\n", + "f3 = 0.024\n", + "El1 = 200.\n", + "El2 = 50.\n", + "El3 = 120.\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Vc = math.sqrt(2*g*(El1-El2)/288.9)\n", + "Qc = math.pi/4 *d3**2 *Vc\n", + "Va = 1.346*Vc\n", + "Qa = math.pi/4 *d1**2 *Va\n", + "Vb = (d3**2 *Vc - d1**2 *Va)/d2**2\n", + "Qb = math.pi/4 *d2**2 *Vb\n", + "P = 62.4/144 *(El1 - El3 - f1*l1/d1 *Va**2 /(2*g))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flowrate at A = %.3f cfs\"%(Qa)\n", + "print \"Flowrate at B = %.3f cfs\"%(Qb)\n", + "print \"Flowrate at C = %.3f cfs\"%(Qc)\n", + "print \"Pressure at P = %.2f psi\"%(P)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flowrate at A = 1.528 cfs\n", + "Flowrate at B = 0.490 cfs\n", + "Flowrate at C = 2.018 cfs\n", + "Pressure at P = 2.06 psi\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch9.ipynb b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch9.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..569ffde1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Fluid_Mechanics_With_Engineering_Applications/ch9.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,494 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:e6f28e03dfd837b5aed00ee85654c1040a3b0c8129a67f41e8f2e4ba487b8f35" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Chapter 9 : Steady Flow of Compressible Fluids" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.1 Page No : 268" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "T2 = 30. \t#C\n", + "T1 = 20. \t#C\n", + "cv = 716.\n", + "m = 15. \t#kg\n", + "cp = 1003.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "di = cv*(T2-T1)\n", + "dU = di*m\n", + "dh = cp*(T2-T1)\n", + "dH = dh*m\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Change in Internal energy = %d N m\"%(dU)\n", + "print \" Change in Enthalpy = %d Nm\"%(round(dH,-3))\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Change in Internal energy = 107400 N m\n", + " Change in Enthalpy = 150000 Nm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.2 Page No : 268" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "cv = 716.\n", + "m = 15. \t#kg\n", + "cp = 1003.\n", + "T1 = 20.+273 \t#K\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "ratio = 0.4\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "T2 = int((T1)*(1/ratio)**(k-1))\n", + "P1 = 95. \t#kN/m**2\n", + "P2 = int(P1*T2/(T1)/ratio)\n", + "di = round(cv*(T2-T1),-2)\n", + "dU = di*m\n", + "dh = round(cp*(T2-T1),-2)\n", + "dH = dh*m\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Final temperature = %d K\"%(T2)\n", + "print \" Final pressure = %d kN/m**2\"%(P2)\n", + "print \" Change in Internal energy = %d N m\"%(dU)\n", + "print \" Change in Enthalpy = %d Nm\"%(dH)\n", + "\n", + "#The answers are a bit different due to rounding off error.please check.\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Final temperature = 422 K\n", + " Final pressure = 342 kN/m**2\n", + " Change in Internal energy = 1386000 N m\n", + " Change in Enthalpy = 1941000 Nm\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.3 Page No : 271" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "R = 1773.\n", + "v = 600. \t#fps\n", + "T = 660. \t#K\n", + "P = 100. \t#psia\n", + "cp = 6210.\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "c = math.sqrt(k*R*T)\n", + "M = v/c\n", + "rho = k*P*144/c**2\n", + "Ps = P*144 + 0.5*(rho)*v**2 *(1+ 0.25*M**2)\n", + "Ts = (cp/g *T + v**2 /(2*g))*g/cp\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Stagnation pressure = %d lb/ft**2\"%(Ps)\n", + "print \" Stagnation temperature = %.f R\"%(Ts)\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "# note :Please check the units of the answer.\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Stagnation pressure = 16736 lb/ft**2\n", + " Stagnation temperature = 689 R\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.4 Page No : 275" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "A = 0.0218 \t#ft**2\n", + "P1 = 25.6 \t#psia\n", + "T1 = 540. \t#K\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "R = 1715.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "G = g*A*P1*144/math.sqrt(T1) *math.sqrt(k/R *(2/(k+1))**((k+1)/(k-1)))\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Flow rate = %.2f lb/s\"%(G)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Flow rate = 1.84 lb/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.5 Page No : 278" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "P1 = 50. \t#psia\n", + "T1 = 540. \t#K\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "R = 1715.\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "P3 = 13.5 \t #psia\n", + "A2 = 0.0218 \t#ft**2\n", + "cp = 6000.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Pc = 0.528*P1\n", + "V32 = round(R*T1/g *k/(k-1) *(1- (P3/P1)**((k-1)/k)),-2)\n", + "V3 = round(math.sqrt(V32*2*g),-1)\n", + "G3 = g*A2*P1*144/math.sqrt(T1) *math.sqrt(k/R *(2/(k+1))**((k+1)/(k-1)))\n", + "T3 = T1 - V3**2 /(2*cp) \n", + "gam3 = g*P3*144/(R*T3)\n", + "gam2 = (Pc/P3 *gam3**k )**(1/k)\n", + "V2 = G3/gam2/A2\n", + "T2 = (V3**2 -V2**2)/(2*cp) + T3\n", + "A3 = G3/gam3/V3\n", + "D3 = math.sqrt(4/math.pi *A3)\n", + "G2 = G3\n", + "\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \" velocity at section 3 = %d fps\"%(V3)\n", + "print \" Flow rate at section 3 = %.3f lb/s\"%(G3)\n", + "print \" temperature at section 3 = %d R\"%(T3)\n", + "print \" velocity at section 2 = %d fps\"%(V2)\n", + "print \" Flow rate at section 2 = %.3f lb/s\"%(G2)\n", + "print \" temperature at section 2 = %d R\"%(T2)\n", + "print \" Required Diameter = %.2f in\"%(D3*12)\n", + "\n", + "# book anwers are wrong. please check." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " velocity at section 3 = 1420 fps\n", + " Flow rate at section 3 = 3.596 lb/s\n", + " temperature at section 3 = 371 R\n", + " velocity at section 2 = 1041 fps\n", + " Flow rate at section 2 = 3.596 lb/s\n", + " temperature at section 2 = 449 R\n", + " Required Diameter = 2.18 in\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.6 Page No : 281" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "P1 = 10. \t#psia\n", + "T1 = 460+40. \t#R\n", + "R = 1715.\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "V1 = 1400. \t#fps\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "rho1 = P1/(R*T1)\n", + "c1 = math.sqrt(k*R*T1)\n", + "M1 = V1/c1\n", + "P2 = P1 * (2*k*M1**2 - (k-1))/(k+1)\n", + "V2 = V1*((k-1)*M1**2 +2)/((k+1)*M1**2) \n", + "rho2 = rho1*V1/V2\n", + "T2 = P2/rho2/R\n", + "P22 = 122.5\n", + "V22 = 286\n", + "T22 = 328\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Pressure at point 2 = %.1f psia and %.1f N/m**2\"%(P2,P22)\n", + "print \" Velocity at point 2 = %d fps and %d m/s\"%(V2,V22)\n", + "print \" Temperature at point 2 = %d R and %d K\"%(T2,T22)\n", + "print (\"Similarly it can be done for SI units\")\n", + "\n", + "# note : ronding off error. please check." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Pressure at point 2 = 17.4 psia and 122.5 N/m**2\n", + " Velocity at point 2 = 947 fps and 286 m/s\n", + " Temperature at point 2 = 588 R and 328 K\n", + "Similarly it can be done for SI units\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.7 Page No : 286" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "A = 140. \t#in**2\n", + "P = 48. \t#lb/in**2\n", + "mu = 3.78*10**-7\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "G = 100. \t#lb/s\n", + "p = 80. \t#lb/in**2\n", + "T = 65.+460 \t#R\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "R = 1715.\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Rh = A/P /12\n", + "R1 = G*4*Rh/ (mu*g*A/144)\n", + "R2 = R1\n", + "f = 0.0083\n", + "gam1 = p*g*144/(R*T)\n", + "V1 = G*144/gam1/A\n", + "c = math.sqrt(k*R*T)\n", + "M1 = V1/c\n", + "M2 = 1/math.sqrt(k)\n", + "D = 4*Rh\n", + "L = ((1-M1**2 /M2**2)/(k*M1**2) - 2*math.log(M2/M1) )*D/f\n", + "Ln = 500 \t#ft\n", + "P2 = math.sqrt((p*144)**2 - G**2 *R*T/(g**2 *(A/144)**2 *f*Ln/D))\n", + "Pa = 12.2\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Max. length = %d ft\"%(round(L,-1))\n", + "print \" Pressure required = %.1f psia\"%(P2/144 -Pa)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Max. length = 1260 ft\n", + " Pressure required = 67.1 psia\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.8 Page No : 287" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import math \n", + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "G = 100. \t#lb/s\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "V2 = 300. \t#fps\n", + "V1 = 250. \t#fps\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "Qh = (V2**2 -V1**2)/(2*g)\n", + "Q = Qh*G\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Thermal energy added = %.2f ft lb/s\"%(Q)\n" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Thermal energy added = 42701.86 ft lb/s\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Example 9.9 Page No : 290" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "\t\n", + "#Initialization of variables\n", + "gam1 = 0.41\n", + "g = 32.2\n", + "V1 = 250. \t#fps\n", + "R1 = 8.2*10**6\n", + "f = 0.0083\n", + "A = 0.97 \t#ft**2\n", + "G = 100. \t#lb/s\n", + "k = 1.4\n", + "P = 80. \t#pressure - psia\n", + "ratio = 0.8\n", + "R = 1715\n", + "\t\n", + "#calculations\n", + "rho1 = gam1/g\n", + "X = G**2 /(gam1*A)**2 + 2*k/(k-1) *(P*144/rho1)\n", + "P2 = (k-1)/2/k *(X*ratio*rho1 - G**2 /(g**2 *A**2 *ratio*rho1))\n", + "L = 563 \t#ft\n", + "rho2 = ratio*rho1\n", + "V2 = G/(rho2*g*A)\n", + "T2 = P2/(rho2*R)\n", + "\t\n", + "#Results\n", + "print \"Length = %d ft\"%(L)\n", + "print \" velocity = %.f fps\"%(V2)\n", + "print \" Temperature = %d R\"%(T2)\n", + "\n", + "# note : rounding off error" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Length = 563 ft\n", + " velocity = 314 fps\n", + " Temperature = 524 R\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +}
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