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Diffstat (limited to 'Engineering_Physics_Marikani/Chapter_3.ipynb')
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1 files changed, 198 insertions, 21 deletions
diff --git a/Engineering_Physics_Marikani/Chapter_3.ipynb b/Engineering_Physics_Marikani/Chapter_3.ipynb index 59daaddd..7496a57a 100644 --- a/Engineering_Physics_Marikani/Chapter_3.ipynb +++ b/Engineering_Physics_Marikani/Chapter_3.ipynb @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ { "metadata": { - "name": "Chapter 3" + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:3f2462cfb429298e26fc6bf563d665947cd211731889b95d7dd1a2db3452c286" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, @@ -11,25 +12,47 @@ "cell_type": "heading", "level": 1, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Fibre Optics" + "source": [ + "Fibre Optics" + ] }, { "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example number 3.1, Page number 98 " + "source": [ + "Example number 3.1, Page number 98 " + ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "#To calculate the numerical aperture of an optical fibre\n\n#importing modules\nimport math\n\n#Variable declaration\nn1=1.6; #refractive index of core\nn2=1.5; #refractive index of cladding\n\n#Calculation\nNA=math.sqrt((n1**2)-(n2**2));\nNA=math.ceil(NA*10**4)/10**4; #rounding off to 4 decimals\n\n#Result\nprint(\"the numerical aperture of the fibre is\",NA);\n", + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "n1=1.6; #refractive index of core\n", + "n2=1.5; #refractive index of cladding\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "NA=math.sqrt((n1**2)-(n2**2));\n", + "NA=math.ceil(NA*10**4)/10**4; #rounding off to 4 decimals\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print(\"the numerical aperture of the fibre is\",NA);\n" + ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", - "text": "('the numerical aperture of the fibre is', 0.5568)\n" + "text": [ + "('the numerical aperture of the fibre is', 0.5568)\n" + ] } ], "prompt_number": 4 @@ -38,19 +61,54 @@ "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example number 3.2, Page number 98 " + "source": [ + "Example number 3.2, Page number 98 " + ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "#To calculate the numerical aperture and acceptance angle of a fibre\n\n#importing modules\nimport math\n\n#Variable declaration\nn1=1.54; #refractive index of core\nn2=1.5; #refractive index of cladding\nn0=1;\n\n#Calculation\nNA=math.sqrt((n1**2)-(n2**2)); #numerical aperture of fibre\nNA=math.ceil(NA*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\nalpha=math.asin(NA/n0); #acceptance angle in radians\nalpha=alpha*57.2957795; #converting radians to degrees\nalpha=math.ceil(alpha*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\ndeg=int(alpha); #converting to degrees\nt=60*(alpha-deg); \nmi=int(t); #converting to minutes\nsec=60*(t-mi); #converting to seconds\nsec=math.ceil(sec*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 3 decimals\n\n#Result\nprint(\"the numerical aperture of the fibre is\",NA);\nprint(\"the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is\",alpha);\nprint(\"acceptance angle of the fibre is\",deg,\"degrees\",mi,\"minutes\",sec,\"seconds\");\n\n#answer for the angle given in the book is wrong", + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "n1=1.54; #refractive index of core\n", + "n2=1.5; #refractive index of cladding\n", + "n0=1;\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "NA=math.sqrt((n1**2)-(n2**2)); #numerical aperture of fibre\n", + "NA=math.ceil(NA*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\n", + "alpha=math.asin(NA/n0); #acceptance angle in radians\n", + "alpha=alpha*57.2957795; #converting radians to degrees\n", + "alpha=math.ceil(alpha*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\n", + "deg=int(alpha); #converting to degrees\n", + "t=60*(alpha-deg); \n", + "mi=int(t); #converting to minutes\n", + "sec=60*(t-mi); #converting to seconds\n", + "sec=math.ceil(sec*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 3 decimals\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print(\"the numerical aperture of the fibre is\",NA);\n", + "print(\"the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is\",alpha);\n", + "print(\"acceptance angle of the fibre is\",deg,\"degrees\",mi,\"minutes\",sec,\"seconds\");\n", + "\n", + "#answer for the angle given in the book is wrong" + ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", - "text": "('the numerical aperture of the fibre is', 0.34872)\n('the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is', 20.40905)\n('acceptance angle of the fibre is', 20, 'degrees', 24, 'minutes', 32.581, 'seconds')\n" + "text": [ + "('the numerical aperture of the fibre is', 0.34872)\n", + "('the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is', 20.40905)\n", + "('acceptance angle of the fibre is', 20, 'degrees', 24, 'minutes', 32.581, 'seconds')\n" + ] } ], "prompt_number": 7 @@ -59,19 +117,47 @@ "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example number 3.3, Page number 99" + "source": [ + "Example number 3.3, Page number 99" + ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "#To calculate the critical angle\n\n#importing modules\nimport math\n\n#Variable declaration\nn1=1.6; #refractive index of core\nn2=1.49; #refractive index of cladding\n\n#Calculation\nthetac=math.asin(n2/n1); #critical angle in radians\nthetac=thetac*57.2957795; #converting radians to degrees\ntheta_c=math.ceil(thetac*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 3 decimals\ndeg=int(thetac); #converting to degrees\nt=60*(thetac-deg); \nmi=int(t); #converting to minutes\nsec=60*(t-mi); #converting to seconds\nsec=math.ceil(sec*10**2)/10**2; #rounding off to 2 decimals\n\n#Result\nprint(\"the critical angle of the fibre in degrees is\",theta_c);\nprint(\"critical angle of the fibre is\",deg,\"degrees\",mi,\"minutes\",sec,\"seconds\");", + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "n1=1.6; #refractive index of core\n", + "n2=1.49; #refractive index of cladding\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "thetac=math.asin(n2/n1); #critical angle in radians\n", + "thetac=thetac*57.2957795; #converting radians to degrees\n", + "theta_c=math.ceil(thetac*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 3 decimals\n", + "deg=int(thetac); #converting to degrees\n", + "t=60*(thetac-deg); \n", + "mi=int(t); #converting to minutes\n", + "sec=60*(t-mi); #converting to seconds\n", + "sec=math.ceil(sec*10**2)/10**2; #rounding off to 2 decimals\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print(\"the critical angle of the fibre in degrees is\",theta_c);\n", + "print(\"critical angle of the fibre is\",deg,\"degrees\",mi,\"minutes\",sec,\"seconds\");" + ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", - "text": "('the critical angle of the fibre in degrees is', 68.631)\n('critical angle of the fibre is', 68, 'degrees', 37, 'minutes', 49.85, 'seconds')\n" + "text": [ + "('the critical angle of the fibre in degrees is', 68.631)\n", + "('critical angle of the fibre is', 68, 'degrees', 37, 'minutes', 49.85, 'seconds')\n" + ] } ], "prompt_number": 10 @@ -80,19 +166,54 @@ "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example number 3.4, Page number 99" + "source": [ + "Example number 3.4, Page number 99" + ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "#To calculate the acceptance angle of a fibre\n\n#importing modules\nimport math\n\n#Variable declaration\nNA=0.15; #numerical aperture\nn2=1.55; #refractive index of cladding\nn0=1.33; #refractive index of water\n\n#Calculation\nn1=math.sqrt((NA**2)+(n2**2)); #refractive index\nn_1=math.ceil(n1*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\nalpha=math.asin(math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2)/n0); #acceptance angle in radians\nalpha=alpha*57.2957795; #converting radians to degrees\nalphaa=math.ceil(alpha*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 3 decimals\ndeg=int(alpha); #converting to degrees\nt=60*(alpha-deg); \nmi=int(t); #converting to minutes\nsec=60*(t-mi); #converting to seconds\nsec=math.ceil(sec*10**2)/10**2; #rounding off to 2 decimals\n\n#Result\nprint(\"refractive index of the core is\",n_1);\nprint(\"the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is\",alphaa);\nprint(\"acceptance angle of the fibre is\",deg,\"degrees\",mi,\"minutes\",sec,\"seconds\");\n\n#answer for acceptance angle given in the book is wrong", + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "NA=0.15; #numerical aperture\n", + "n2=1.55; #refractive index of cladding\n", + "n0=1.33; #refractive index of water\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "n1=math.sqrt((NA**2)+(n2**2)); #refractive index\n", + "n_1=math.ceil(n1*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\n", + "alpha=math.asin(math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2)/n0); #acceptance angle in radians\n", + "alpha=alpha*57.2957795; #converting radians to degrees\n", + "alphaa=math.ceil(alpha*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 3 decimals\n", + "deg=int(alpha); #converting to degrees\n", + "t=60*(alpha-deg); \n", + "mi=int(t); #converting to minutes\n", + "sec=60*(t-mi); #converting to seconds\n", + "sec=math.ceil(sec*10**2)/10**2; #rounding off to 2 decimals\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print(\"refractive index of the core is\",n_1);\n", + "print(\"the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is\",alphaa);\n", + "print(\"acceptance angle of the fibre is\",deg,\"degrees\",mi,\"minutes\",sec,\"seconds\");\n", + "\n", + "#answer for acceptance angle given in the book is wrong" + ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", - "text": "('refractive index of the core is', 1.55725)\n('the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is', 6.476)\n('acceptance angle of the fibre is', 6, 'degrees', 28, 'minutes', 32.55, 'seconds')\n" + "text": [ + "('refractive index of the core is', 1.55725)\n", + "('the acceptance angle of the fibre in degrees is', 6.476)\n", + "('acceptance angle of the fibre is', 6, 'degrees', 28, 'minutes', 32.55, 'seconds')\n" + ] } ], "prompt_number": 13 @@ -101,19 +222,41 @@ "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example number 3.5, Page number 100" + "source": [ + "Example number 3.5, Page number 100" + ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "#To calculate the refractive index of cladding\n\n#importing modules\nimport math\n\n#Variable declaration\nNA=0.26; #numerical aperture\nn1=1.5; #refractive index of core\nd=100; #core diameter in micro meter\n\n#Calculation\nd=100*(10**-6); #core diameter in metre\nn2=math.sqrt((n1**2)-(NA**2));\nn2=math.ceil(n2*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\n\n#Result\nprint(\"refractive index of the cladding is\",n2);", + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "NA=0.26; #numerical aperture\n", + "n1=1.5; #refractive index of core\n", + "d=100; #core diameter in micro meter\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "d=100*(10**-6); #core diameter in metre\n", + "n2=math.sqrt((n1**2)-(NA**2));\n", + "n2=math.ceil(n2*10**5)/10**5; #rounding off to 5 decimals\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print(\"refractive index of the cladding is\",n2);" + ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", - "text": "('refractive index of the cladding is', 1.4773)\n" + "text": [ + "('refractive index of the cladding is', 1.4773)\n" + ] } ], "prompt_number": 16 @@ -122,19 +265,53 @@ "cell_type": "heading", "level": 2, "metadata": {}, - "source": "Example number 3.6, Page number 100" + "source": [ + "Example number 3.6, Page number 100" + ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "#To calculate the refractive indices of core and cladding\n\n#importing modules\nimport math\n\n#Variable declaration\nNA=0.26; #numerical aperture\ndelta=0.015; #refractive index difference\n\n#Calculation\n#NA=math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2)\n#let A=n1**2-n2**2\n#therefore A=NA**2\nA=NA**2;\n#delta=(n1**2-n2**2)/2*(n1**2)\n#let 2*(n1**2) be B\n#therefore B=A/delta\nB=A/delta;\nn1=math.sqrt(B/2);\nn1=math.ceil(n1*100)/100; #rounding off to 2 decimals\nn2=math.sqrt(n1**2-NA**2);\nn2=math.ceil(n2*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 4 decimals\n\n#Result\nprint(\"refractive index of the core is\",n1);\nprint(\"refractive index of the cladding is\",n2);\n\n#answer for refractive index of cladding given in the book is wrong", + "input": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "#importing modules\n", + "import math\n", + "\n", + "#Variable declaration\n", + "NA=0.26; #numerical aperture\n", + "delta=0.015; #refractive index difference\n", + "\n", + "#Calculation\n", + "#NA=math.sqrt(n1**2-n2**2)\n", + "#let A=n1**2-n2**2\n", + "#therefore A=NA**2\n", + "A=NA**2;\n", + "#delta=(n1**2-n2**2)/2*(n1**2)\n", + "#let 2*(n1**2) be B\n", + "#therefore B=A/delta\n", + "B=A/delta;\n", + "n1=math.sqrt(B/2);\n", + "n1=math.ceil(n1*100)/100; #rounding off to 2 decimals\n", + "n2=math.sqrt(n1**2-NA**2);\n", + "n2=math.ceil(n2*10**3)/10**3; #rounding off to 4 decimals\n", + "\n", + "#Result\n", + "print(\"refractive index of the core is\",n1);\n", + "print(\"refractive index of the cladding is\",n2);\n", + "\n", + "#answer for refractive index of cladding given in the book is wrong" + ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "output_type": "stream", "stream": "stdout", - "text": "('refractive index of the core is', 1.51)\n('refractive index of the cladding is', 1.488)\n" + "text": [ + "('refractive index of the core is', 1.51)\n", + "('refractive index of the cladding is', 1.488)\n" + ] } ], "prompt_number": 19 @@ -142,7 +319,7 @@ { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, - "input": "", + "input": [], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [] |