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diff --git a/Basic_Electronics_and_Linear_Circuits/ch9.ipynb b/Basic_Electronics_and_Linear_Circuits/ch9.ipynb
index 045c66b4..3b1261da 100644
--- a/Basic_Electronics_and_Linear_Circuits/ch9.ipynb
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@@ -1,272 +1,254 @@
-{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "Ch 9"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 9:Multi stage Amplifiers"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.1 Page no.305"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Example 9.1\n",
- "# Calculate overall Voltage Gain of a Multistage \n",
- "#Amplifier in dB\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "A1=30 #voltage gain 1\n",
- "A2=50 #voltage gain 2\n",
- "A3=80 #voltage gain 3\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "import math\n",
- "A=A1*A2*A3 #overall Voltage Gain\n",
- "Adb=20*math.log10(A) #Voltage Gain in dB\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "print \" The overall Voltage Gain of the Multistage Amplifier Adb = \",round(Adb,2),\"dB\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " The overall Voltage Gain of the Multistage Amplifier Adb = 101.58 dB\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 1
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.2 Page no.312"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Example 9.2\n",
- "#Program to Calculate Voltage at the Output Terminal of \n",
- "#Two Stage Direct Coupled Amplifier\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "Vcc=30.0 #V, collector bias junction voltage\n",
- "Vi=1.4 #V, input voltage\n",
- "Vbe=0.7 #V. base emitter voltage \n",
- "B=300 #Beeta, gain factor\n",
- "R1=27000.0 #Ohms, given resistance\n",
- "R2=680.0 #Ohms given resistance\n",
- "R3=24000.0 #Ohms\n",
- "R4=2400.0 #Ohms\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Ve=Vi-Vbe #V, voltage at emitter terminal\n",
- "Ie1=Vbe/R2 #A, emitter current at 1st stage\n",
- "Ic1=Ie1 #A, collector current\n",
- "Vc1=Vcc-round(Ie1,3)*R1 #collector voltage at 1st stage\n",
- "Vb2=Vc1 #V, base voltage at 2nd stage\n",
- "\n",
- "Ve2=Vb2-Vbe #V emitter voltage at 2nd stage\n",
- "Ie2=Ve2/R4 #A, emitter current at 2nd stage\n",
- "Ic2=round(Ie2,3) #A collector current at 2nd stage\n",
- "Vc2=Vcc-Ic2*R3\n",
- "Vo=Vc2\n",
- "#Displaying The Results in Command Window\n",
- "print \" The Voltage at the Output Terminal of Two Stage Direct Coupled Amplifier, Vo = \",Vo,\"V\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": []
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.3 Page no.319"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Example 9.3\n",
- "#Program to Calculate Gain in dB at Cutoff Frequencies and \n",
- "#Plot Frequency Response Curve\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "A=100 #voltage gain\n",
- "f1=400 #Hz, frequency 1\n",
- "f2=25*10**3 #Hz, frequency 2\n",
- "f3=80 #Hz, frequency 3 \n",
- "f4=40*10**3 # Hz, frequency 4 \n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "import math\n",
- "Adb=20*math.log10(A)\n",
- "Adbc=Adb-3 #Lower by 3dB\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "print \" The Gain at Cutoff Frequencies is, Adb (at Cutoff Frequencies) = \",Adbc,\"dB\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#plot\n",
- "from pylab import *\n",
- "f1=[80,400,25000,40000]\n",
- "Adb1=[37,40,40,37]\n",
- "a=plot(f1,Adb1)\n",
- "xlim(0,40000)\n",
- "xlabel(\"$f(Hz)$\")\n",
- "ylabel(\"$AdB$\")\n",
- "ylim(0,50)\n",
- "show(a1)\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- " The Gain at Cutoff Frequencies is, Adb (at Cutoff Frequencies) = 37.0 dB\n"
- ]
- },
- {
- "output_type": "display_data",
- "png": 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- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 8
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.4 Page no 325."
- ]
- },
- {
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- "input": [
- "#Example 9.4\n",
- "# (a)\n",
- "#Calculate Input Impedance of the given \n",
- "#Two Stage RC Coupled Amplifier\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data #all the quantities of R are resistances\n",
- "R1=5600.0 #Ohms\n",
- "R2=56000.0 #Ohms\n",
- "R3=1100.0 #Ohms\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Zi=R1*R2*R3/(R1*R2+R2*R3+R3*R1)\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \" The Input Impedance, Zi = \",round(Zi/10**3,3),\"kohm\"\n",
- "\n",
- "#(b) Calculate output Impedance \n",
- "Ro1=3300.0 #Ohms\n",
- "Ro2=2200 #Ohms\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Zo=Ro1*Ro2/(Ro1+Ro2)\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \" The Output Impedance, Zo = \",Zo/10**3,\"kohm\"\n",
- "#(c) voltage gain\n",
- "hfe=120 #current amplification factor\n",
- "hie=1100.0 #Ohms, dynamic input resistance\n",
- "R1=6800.0 #Ohms\n",
- "R2=56000.0 #Ohms\n",
- "R3=5600.0 #Ohms\n",
- "R4=1100.0 #Ohms\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "Rac2=Ro1*Ro2/(Ro1+Ro2)\n",
- "A2=-hfe*Rac2/hie\n",
- "Rac1=R1*R2*R3*R4/(R1*R2*R3+R2*R3*R4+R1*R3*R4+R1*R2*R4)\n",
- "Rac1=round(Rac1,0)\n",
- "A1=-hfe*Rac1/hie\n",
- "\n",
- "A1=round(A1,2)\n",
- "A=A1*A2 #Overall Gain\n",
- "\n",
- "#Result\n",
- "print \" The Overall Gain, A = \",round(A,0)"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": []
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 3,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 9.5 Page no. 326"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "#Example 9.5\n",
- "#Program to Calculate Maximum Voltage Gain & Bandwidth\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "Rl=10000.0 #Ohms, resistance\n",
- "Rg=470000.0 #Ohms dynamic input resistance\n",
- "Cs=100*10**(-12) #F Capacitance\n",
- "u=25 #amplification factor\n",
- "rp=8000.0 #Ohms\n",
- "Cc=0.01*10**(-6) #F, capacitance\n",
- "\n",
- "#Calculation\n",
- "import math\n",
- "gm=u/rp #transconductance\n",
- "Req=rp*Rl*Rg/(rp*Rl+Rl*Rg+Rg*rp) #equivalent resistance\n",
- "Avm=(u/rp)*Req #voltage gain\n",
- "Avmd=Avm**2 # Voltage Gain of Two Stages\n",
- "Rd=(rp*Rl/(rp+Rl))+Rg\n",
- "f1=1/(2*math.pi*Cc*Rd) #Lower Cutoff Frequency\n",
- "f1d=f1/math.sqrt(math.sqrt(2)-1) #Lower Cutoff Frequency of Two Stages\n",
- "Req =(rp*Rl)/(rp+Rl) #approximately\n",
- "f2=1/(2*math.pi*Cs*Req) #Upper Cutoff Frequency\n",
- "f2d=f2*math.sqrt(math.sqrt(2)-1) #Upper Cutoff Frequency of Two Stages\n",
- "BW=f2d-f1d \n",
- "#Bandwidth\n",
- "# Result\n",
- "print \" The Voltage Gain of Two Stages, Avmd = \",round(Avmd,2)\n",
- "print \" The Bandwidth, BW = \",round(BW/10**3,0),\"KHz\""
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": []
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
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+ "Chapter 9:Multi stage Amplifiers"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 9.1 Page no.305"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "A1=30 #voltage gain 1\n",
+ "A2=50 #voltage gain 2\n",
+ "A3=80 #voltage gain 3\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "A=A1*A2*A3 #overall Voltage Gain\n",
+ "Adb=20*math.log10(A) #Voltage Gain in dB\n",
+ "# Result\n",
+ "print \" The overall Voltage Gain of the Multistage Amplifier Adb = \",round(Adb,2),\"dB\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The overall Voltage Gain of the Multistage Amplifier Adb = 101.58 dB\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 1
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 9.2 Page no.312"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "Vcc=30.0 #V, collector bias junction voltage\n",
+ "Vi=1.4 #V, input voltage\n",
+ "Vbe=0.7 #V. base emitter voltage \n",
+ "B=300 #Beeta, gain factor\n",
+ "R1=27000.0 #Ohms, given resistance\n",
+ "R2=680.0 #Ohms given resistance\n",
+ "R3=24000.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "R4=2400.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "Ve=Vi-Vbe #V, voltage at emitter terminal\n",
+ "Ie1=Vbe/R2 #A, emitter current at 1st stage\n",
+ "Ic1=Ie1 #A, collector current\n",
+ "Vc1=Vcc-round(Ie1,3)*R1 #collector voltage at 1st stage\n",
+ "Vb2=Vc1 #V, base voltage at 2nd stage\n",
+ "\n",
+ "Ve2=Vb2-Vbe #V emitter voltage at 2nd stage\n",
+ "Ie2=Ve2/R4 #A, emitter current at 2nd stage\n",
+ "Ic2=round(Ie2,3) #A collector current at 2nd stage\n",
+ "Vc2=Vcc-Ic2*R3\n",
+ "Vo=Vc2\n",
+ "#Displaying The Results in Command Window\n",
+ "print \" The Voltage at the Output Terminal of Two Stage Direct Coupled Amplifier, Vo = \",Vo,\"V\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 9.3 Page no.319"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "A=100 #voltage gain\n",
+ "f1=400 #Hz, frequency 1\n",
+ "f2=25*10**3 #Hz, frequency 2\n",
+ "f3=80 #Hz, frequency 3 \n",
+ "f4=40*10**3 # Hz, frequency 4 \n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "Adb=20*math.log10(A)\n",
+ "Adbc=Adb-3 #Lower by 3dB\n",
+ "# Result\n",
+ "print \" The Gain at Cutoff Frequencies is, Adb (at Cutoff Frequencies) = \",Adbc,\"dB\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#plot\n",
+ "from pylab import *\n",
+ "f1=[80,400,25000,40000]\n",
+ "Adb1=[37,40,40,37]\n",
+ "a=plot(f1,Adb1)\n",
+ "xlim(0,40000)\n",
+ "xlabel(\"$f(Hz)$\")\n",
+ "ylabel(\"$AdB$\")\n",
+ "ylim(0,50)\n",
+ "show(a1)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ " The Gain at Cutoff Frequencies is, Adb (at Cutoff Frequencies) = 37.0 dB\n"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "metadata": {},
+ "output_type": "display_data",
+ "png": 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+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 9.4 Page no 325."
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ " #all the quantities of R are resistances\n",
+ "R1=5600.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "R2=56000.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "R3=1100.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "Zi=R1*R2*R3/(R1*R2+R2*R3+R3*R1)\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \" The Input Impedance, Zi = \",round(Zi/10**3,3),\"kohm\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#(b) Calculate output Impedance \n",
+ "Ro1=3300.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "Ro2=2200 #Ohms\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "Zo=Ro1*Ro2/(Ro1+Ro2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \" The Output Impedance, Zo = \",Zo/10**3,\"kohm\"\n",
+ "#(c) voltage gain\n",
+ "hfe=120 #current amplification factor\n",
+ "hie=1100.0 #Ohms, dynamic input resistance\n",
+ "R1=6800.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "R2=56000.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "R3=5600.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "R4=1100.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "Rac2=Ro1*Ro2/(Ro1+Ro2)\n",
+ "A2=-hfe*Rac2/hie\n",
+ "Rac1=R1*R2*R3*R4/(R1*R2*R3+R2*R3*R4+R1*R3*R4+R1*R2*R4)\n",
+ "Rac1=round(Rac1,0)\n",
+ "A1=-hfe*Rac1/hie\n",
+ "\n",
+ "A1=round(A1,2)\n",
+ "A=A1*A2 #Overall Gain\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Result\n",
+ "print \" The Overall Gain, A = \",round(A,0)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example 9.5 Page no. 326"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "\n",
+ "Rl=10000.0 #Ohms, resistance\n",
+ "Rg=470000.0 #Ohms dynamic input resistance\n",
+ "Cs=100*10**(-12) #F Capacitance\n",
+ "u=25 #amplification factor\n",
+ "rp=8000.0 #Ohms\n",
+ "Cc=0.01*10**(-6) #F, capacitance\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "import math\n",
+ "gm=u/rp #transconductance\n",
+ "Req=rp*Rl*Rg/(rp*Rl+Rl*Rg+Rg*rp) #equivalent resistance\n",
+ "Avm=(u/rp)*Req #voltage gain\n",
+ "Avmd=Avm**2 # Voltage Gain of Two Stages\n",
+ "Rd=(rp*Rl/(rp+Rl))+Rg\n",
+ "f1=1/(2*math.pi*Cc*Rd) #Lower Cutoff Frequency\n",
+ "f1d=f1/math.sqrt(math.sqrt(2)-1) #Lower Cutoff Frequency of Two Stages\n",
+ "Req =(rp*Rl)/(rp+Rl) #approximately\n",
+ "f2=1/(2*math.pi*Cs*Req) #Upper Cutoff Frequency\n",
+ "f2d=f2*math.sqrt(math.sqrt(2)-1) #Upper Cutoff Frequency of Two Stages\n",
+ "BW=f2d-f1d \n",
+ "#Bandwidth\n",
+ "# Result\n",
+ "print \" The Voltage Gain of Two Stages, Avmd = \",round(Avmd,2)\n",
+ "print \" The Bandwidth, BW = \",round(BW/10**3,0),\"KHz\""
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
} \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2025-04-08 07:24:59 +0000