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+{
+ "metadata": {
+ "name": "",
+ "signature": "sha256:a0be5f6d37f6b1696997f58d0cc492cc18c5483e1f769555c228f3249920c51f"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+ {
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Chapter 13: Boltzmann Distribution"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example Problem 13.1, Page Number 309"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "from math import factorial\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Declaration\n",
+ "\n",
+ "aH = 40\n",
+ "N = 100\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculations\n",
+ "aT = 100 - aH\n",
+ "We = factorial(N)/(factorial(aT)*factorial(aH))\n",
+ "Wexpected = factorial(N)/(factorial(N/2)*factorial(N/2))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print 'The observed weight %5.2e compared to %5.2e'%(We,Wexpected)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "The observed weight 1.37e+28 compared to 1.01e+29\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 2
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example Problem 13.2, Page Number 310"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example Problem 13.3, Page Number 314"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Variable Declaration\n",
+ "p0 = 0.633 #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+ "p1 = 0.233\n",
+ "p2 = 0.086\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1+p2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f i.e.%4.1f percent'%(p4,p4*100)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.048 i.e. 4.8 percent\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 8
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example Problem 13.4, Page Number 315"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Variable Declaration\n",
+ "p0 = 0.394 #Probabilities of Energy level 1,2,3 \n",
+ "p1by2 = 0.239\n",
+ "p2 = 0.145\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "p4 = 1. -(p0+p1by2+p2)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print 'Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is %4.3f'%(p4)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Probability of finding an oscillator at energy level of n>3 is 0.222\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 10
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example Problem 13.5, Page Number 321"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "from math import exp\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Variable Declaration\n",
+ "I2 = 208 #Vibrational frequency, cm-1 \n",
+ "T = 298 #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+ "c = 3.00e10 #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+ "h = 6.626e-34 #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+ "k = 1.38e-23 #Boltzman constant, J/K\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "q = 1./(1.-exp(-h*c*I2/(k*T)))\n",
+ "p2 = exp(-2*h*c*I2/(k*T))/q\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print 'Partition function is %4.3f'%(q)\n",
+ "print 'Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is %4.3f'%(p2)"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Partition function is 1.577\n",
+ "Probability of occupying the second vibrational state n=2 is 0.085\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 16
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "heading",
+ "level": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "source": [
+ "Example Problem 13.6, Page Number 322"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "collapsed": false,
+ "input": [
+ "#Variable Declaration\n",
+ "B = 1.45 #Magnetic field streangth, Teslas \n",
+ "T = 298 #Molecular Temperature, K\n",
+ "c = 3.00e10 #speed of light, cm/s\n",
+ "h = 6.626e-34 #Planks constant, J/K\n",
+ "k = 1.38e-23 #Boltzman constant, J/K \n",
+ "gnbn = 2.82e-26 #J/T\n",
+ "#Calculation\n",
+ "ahpbyahm = exp(-gnbn*B/(k*T))\n",
+ "\n",
+ "#Results\n",
+ "print 'Occupation Number is %7.6f'%(ahpbyahm)\n"
+ ],
+ "language": "python",
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "stream": "stdout",
+ "text": [
+ "Occupation Number is 0.999990\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "prompt_number": 18
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {}
+ }
+ ]
+} \ No newline at end of file