Added(A)/Deleted(D) following books

 A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch1.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch5.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch6.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch7.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch8.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch9.ipynb
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/screenshots/Ch6Enthalpy_eff.png
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/screenshots/ch4_eff_and_qua.png
A  Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/screenshots/ch5_throatAreaAndVel.png

1 files changed, 626 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb b/Thermal_Engineering_by_S._l._Somasundaram/Ch4.ipynb
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+{
+ "metadata": {
+  "name": "",
+  "signature": "sha256:78e90073f1d3e896aa59a93fe405edfd326289aeeacf9b8c1583b20516c1d040"
+ },
+ "nbformat": 3,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0,
+ "worksheets": [
+  {
+   "cells": [
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ch-4 : Vapour Power Cycles"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.1 : Pg - 177"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "t1=523.3 #temparature under p1=40 bar in k\n",
+      "t2=314.5 #temparature under p2=0.80 bar in k\n",
+      "s4=2.797 #entropy under p1=40 bar \n",
+      "s1=6.070 #entropy under p1=40 bar\n",
+      "sf3=0.593 #entropy under p2=0.08 bar\n",
+      "sfg3=7.634 #entropy under p2=0.08 bar\n",
+      "h4=1087 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h1=2801 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hf3=174 #kj/kg under p2=0.08bar\n",
+      "hfg3=2402 #kj/kg under p2=0.08bar\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "eff=(t1-t2)/t1\n",
+      "x3=(s4-sf3)/sfg3\n",
+      "x2=(s1-sf3)/sfg3\n",
+      "h3=hf3+(x3*hfg3)\n",
+      "h2=hf3+(x2*hfg3)\n",
+      "wt=h1-h2\n",
+      "cw=h4-h3\n",
+      "wr=(wt-cw)/wt\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print '(a)efficiency of carnot cycle is %0.3f'%(eff)\n",
+      "print '\\n(b)quality is %0.4f'%(x3)\n",
+      "print '\\n(c)gross work of expansion is %0.1f'%(wt)\n",
+      "print '\\n(d)work ratio is %0.3f'%(wr)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "(a)efficiency of carnot cycle is 0.399\n",
+        "\n",
+        "(b)quality is 0.2887\n",
+        "\n",
+        "(c)gross work of expansion is 903.7\n",
+        "\n",
+        "(d)work ratio is 0.757\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 1
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.2 : Pg - 179"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "v=0.1008*10**-2\n",
+      "p1=40 #pressure in bar\n",
+      "p2=0.08 #pressure in bar\n",
+      "wt=903.8 #kj/kg\n",
+      "wp=4.02 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h1=2801 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=174 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "pw=v*(p1-p2)\n",
+      "wn=wt-wp\n",
+      "qs=h1-(h3+wp)\n",
+      "reff=wn/qs\n",
+      "wr=wn/wt\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print '\\nrankine efficiency and work ratio is %0.3f and %0.3f'%(reff,wr)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "\n",
+        "rankine efficiency and work ratio is 0.343 and 0.996\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 2
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.3 : Pg - 180"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of  variables\n",
+      "h3=174 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h4=178.02 #kj/kg\n",
+      "ieff=0.50 #isentropic efficiency of compression\n",
+      "wt=903.8 #kj/kg\n",
+      "feff=0.75 #furnace efficiency\n",
+      "ieeff=0.85#isentropic expansion efficiency\n",
+      "wp=4.02 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h1=2801 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "hx=((h4-h3)/0.5)+174\n",
+      "wr=wp/ieff\n",
+      "atu=ieeff*wt\n",
+      "hs=h1-hx\n",
+      "nwo=atu-wr\n",
+      "eff=nwo/hs\n",
+      "oeff=eff*feff\n",
+      "wrt=nwo/atu\n",
+      "ssc=3600/nwo\n",
+      "hr=3600/oeff\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'steam and heat rates are %0.2fkg/kwh and %0.1fkj/kwh'%(ssc,hr)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "steam and heat rates are 4.74kg/kwh and 16536.7kj/kwh\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 3
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.4 : Pg - 183"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "h1=3221.6 #kj/kg\n",
+      "s1=7.399 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "sf2=0.521 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfg2=7.808 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "hf2=152 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hfg2=2415 #kj/kg\n",
+      "t1=653 #temp in k\n",
+      "t2=309.2 #temp in k\n",
+      "v=0.1006*10**-2\n",
+      "p1=10 #pressure in bar\n",
+      "p2=0.06 #pressure in bar\n",
+      "h3=152 #kj/kg\n",
+      "x=110\n",
+      "y=639.7\n",
+      "z=610\n",
+      "a=2015\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "x2=(s1-sf2)/sfg2\n",
+      "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n",
+      "wo=h1-h2\n",
+      "hs=h1-h3\n",
+      "theff=wo/hs\n",
+      "sr1=3600/wo\n",
+      "ceff=(t1-t2)/t1\n",
+      "wp=v*(p1-p2)\n",
+      "h4=h3+wp\n",
+      "reff=(x+y)/(z+a)\n",
+      "sr2=3600/(x+y)\n",
+      "hr=3600/reff\n",
+      "print 'steam rate and carnot efficiency are %0.2fkg/kwh and %00.3f'%(sr1,ceff)\n",
+      "print '\\nsteam rate and heat rate are %0.2fkg/kwh and %0.f kJ/kWh'%(sr2,hr)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "steam rate and carnot efficiency are 3.82kg/kwh and 0.526\n",
+        "\n",
+        "steam rate and heat rate are 4.80kg/kwh and 12605 kJ/kWh\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 4
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.5 : Pg - 188"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "h1=3157 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h2=2725 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=3299 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h4=2257.9 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h5=1940.3 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h6=152 #kj/kg\n",
+      "x4=0.872\n",
+      "x5=0.7405\n",
+      "v=0.1006*10**-2 #volume\n",
+      "p1=100 #pressure in bar\n",
+      "p2=0.06 #pressure in bar\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "wp=v*(p1-p2)*100\n",
+      "h7=h6+wp\n",
+      "wt1=h1-h5\n",
+      "wn1=wt1-wp\n",
+      "qs1=h1-h7\n",
+      "wr1=wn1/wt1\n",
+      "reff=wn1/qs1\n",
+      "#reheat cycle\n",
+      "wt2=(h1-h2)+(h3-h4)\n",
+      "wn2=wt2-wp\n",
+      "wr2=wn2/wt2\n",
+      "qs2=h1-h7+h3-h2\n",
+      "teff=wn2/qs2\n",
+      "pd=wn2/3600\n",
+      "pdi=(pd-0.3352)/0.3352\n",
+      "df=1-pdi\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'work ratio and rakine efficiency of rankine cycle is %0.4f and %0.3f'%(wr1,reff)\n",
+      "print 'dryness fraction of steam is 0.872'\n",
+      "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.2f'%(qs1)\n",
+      "print '\\npower developed is %0.2f'%(pd)\n",
+      "print '\\npower developed per kg of steam is %0.4f'%(pdi)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "work ratio and rakine efficiency of rankine cycle is 0.9917 and 0.403\n",
+        "dryness fraction of steam is 0.872\n",
+        "\n",
+        "heat supplied is 2994.95\n",
+        "\n",
+        "power developed is 0.41\n",
+        "\n",
+        "power developed per kg of steam is 0.2124\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 5
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.6 : Pg - 195"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "h1=2979 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h2=2504.3 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=1987.4 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h4=152 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h6=561 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "m=(h6-h4)/(h2-h4)\n",
+      "wo=(h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3)\n",
+      "qs=h1-h6\n",
+      "teff=wo/qs\n",
+      "ssc=3600/wo\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'work output is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wo)\n",
+      "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.f kJ/kg'%(qs)\n",
+      "print '\\nthermal efficiency is %0.3f'%(teff)\n",
+      "print '\\nspecific steam consumption is %0.2fkg/kwh'%(ssc)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "work output is 901.7 kJ/kg\n",
+        "\n",
+        "heat supplied is 2418 kJ/kg\n",
+        "\n",
+        "thermal efficiency is 0.373\n",
+        "\n",
+        "specific steam consumption is 3.99kg/kwh\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 6
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.7 : Pg - 196"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "h1=3222.5 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h2=3127.5 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=2692.5 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h4=2406.7 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h5=360 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h6=360 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h7=584 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h8=962 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "m1=(h8-h7)/(h2-h7)\n",
+      "m2=((1-m1)*(h7-h5))/(h3-h5)\n",
+      "wo=(h1-h2)+(1-m1)*(h2-h3)+(1-m1-m2)*(h3-h4)\n",
+      "qs=h1-h8\n",
+      "teff=wo/qs\n",
+      "sr=3600/wo\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'work output is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wo)\n",
+      "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(qs)\n",
+      "print '\\nthermal efficiency is %0.4f'%(teff)\n",
+      "print '\\nsteam rate is %0.2f kg/kwh'%(sr)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "work output is 685.3 kJ/kg\n",
+        "\n",
+        "heat supplied is 2260.5 kJ/kg\n",
+        "\n",
+        "thermal efficiency is 0.3032\n",
+        "\n",
+        "steam rate is 5.25 kg/kwh\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 7
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 1,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.8 : Pg - 197"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "from __future__ import division\n",
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "h1=2990 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h2=2710 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=2325 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h4=152 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h5=152 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h7=505 #kj/kg\n",
+      "wo=612 #kj/kg\n",
+      "qs=2485 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "m=(h7-h4)/(h2-h4)\n",
+      "mph=m*30000\n",
+      "ip=((h1-h2)+(1-m)*(h2-h3))*(30000/3600)\n",
+      "teff=wo/qs\n",
+      "#when there is no feeding\n",
+      "eff=(h1-h3)/(h1-h4)\n",
+      "sc=(3600/(h1-h3))*ip\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'internal powers is %0.f kW'%(ip)\n",
+      "print '\\nthermal efficiency when feeding is there is %0.4f'%(teff)\n",
+      "print '\\nwhen there is no feed heating,thermal efficiency is %0.4f'%(eff)\n",
+      "print '\\nsteam consumption is %0.f kg/h'%(sc)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "internal powers is 5099 kW\n",
+        "\n",
+        "thermal efficiency when feeding is there is 0.2463\n",
+        "\n",
+        "when there is no feed heating,thermal efficiency is 0.2343\n",
+        "\n",
+        "steam consumption is 27603 kg/h\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 8
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.10 : Pg - 202"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "#for the mercury cycle\n",
+      "ha=360.025 #kj/kg\n",
+      "sa=0.50625 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfb=0.0961 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfgb=0.5334 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "hfb=38.05 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hfgb=294.02 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#for the steam cycle\n",
+      "h5=2801 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=163 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hb=264.2 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h1=2963 #kj/kg\n",
+      "s1=6.364 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "sf2=0.559 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfg2=7.715 #kj/kgk\n",
+      "qs=3916.2 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hf2=163 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hfg2=2409 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "xb=(sa-sfb)/sfgb\n",
+      "hb=hfb+(xb*hfgb)\n",
+      "m1=(h5-h3)/(hb-hfb)\n",
+      "x2=(s1-sf2)/sfg2\n",
+      "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n",
+      "wn=m1*(ha-hb)+(h1-h2)\n",
+      "teff1=wn/qs\n",
+      "hx=ha-(0.8*(ha-hb))\n",
+      "hy=h1-(0.8*(h1-h2))\n",
+      "m2=(h5-h3)/(hx-hfb)\n",
+      "wo=m2*(ha-hx)+(h1-hy)\n",
+      "qs=m2*(ha-hfb)+(h1-h5)\n",
+      "teff2=wo/qs\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'thermal efficiency of steam cycle is %0.3f'%(teff1)\n",
+      "print '\\nwork output of plant is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(wo)\n",
+      "print '\\nheat supplied is %0.1f kJ/kg'%(qs)\n",
+      "print '\\nthermal efficiency of the plant is %0.4f'%(teff2)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "thermal efficiency of steam cycle is 0.538\n",
+        "\n",
+        "work output of plant is 1615.0 kJ/kg\n",
+        "\n",
+        "heat supplied is 3625.1 kJ/kg\n",
+        "\n",
+        "thermal efficiency of the plant is 0.4455\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 9
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.11 : Pg - 205"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "ha=360.025 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hfb=38.05 #kj/kg\n",
+      "hb=264.2 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h1=2963 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h2=1974.6 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h3=163 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h4=1087 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h=1714 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "m=h/(hb-hfb)\n",
+      "wo=7.58*(ha-hb)+(h1-h2)\n",
+      "qs=7.58*(ha-hfb)+(h4-h3)+(h1-h)\n",
+      "teff=(wo/qs)\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'thermal efficiency is %0.1f %%'%(teff*100.0)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "thermal efficiency is 37.2 %\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 10
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "heading",
+     "level": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "source": [
+      "Ex - 4.12 : Pg - 205"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "cell_type": "code",
+     "collapsed": false,
+     "input": [
+      "#initialisation of variables\n",
+      "ha=359.11 #under 10 bar pressure in kj/kg\n",
+      "sa=0.5089 #under 10 bar pressure in kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfb=0.0870 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfgb=0.57 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kgk\n",
+      "hfb=33.21 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kg\n",
+      "hfgb=294.7 #under 0.08 bar pressure in kj/kg\n",
+      "h=1840.5 #kj/kg\n",
+      "h1=3350 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kg\n",
+      "s1=7.183 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kgk\n",
+      "sf2=0.476 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kgk\n",
+      "sfg2=7.918 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kgk\n",
+      "hf2=138 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 ki n kj/kg\n",
+      "hfg2=2423 #under 25 bar pressure and 723 k in kj/kg\n",
+      "h5=964 #kj/kg\n",
+      "#CALCULATIONS\n",
+      "xb=(sa-sfb)/(sfgb)\n",
+      "hb=hfb+(xb*hfgb)\n",
+      "m=h/(hb-hfb)\n",
+      "x2=(s1-sf2)/sfg2\n",
+      "h2=hf2+(x2*hfg2)\n",
+      "wo=8.47*(ha-hb)+(h1-h2)\n",
+      "qs=8.47*(ha-hfb)+(h5-138)+(h1-2802.5)\n",
+      "teff=(wo/qs)*100\n",
+      "#RESULTS\n",
+      "print 'work output is %0.1f kJ/kg of steam'%(wo) #textbook ans slightly varies\n",
+      "print '\\nheat supplied to the plant is %0.1f kJ/kg of steam'%(qs)\n",
+      "print '\\nthermal efficiency is %0.1f %%'%(teff)"
+     ],
+     "language": "python",
+     "metadata": {},
+     "outputs": [
+      {
+       "output_type": "stream",
+       "stream": "stdout",
+       "text": [
+        "work output is 2072.4 kJ/kg of steam\n",
+        "\n",
+        "heat supplied to the plant is 4133.9 kJ/kg of steam\n",
+        "\n",
+        "thermal efficiency is 50.1 %\n"
+       ]
+      }
+     ],
+     "prompt_number": 11
+    }
+   ],
+   "metadata": {}
+  }
+ ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file