diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/dvb')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/README.dvb-usb | 232 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/avermedia.txt | 301 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/bt8xx.txt | 98 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/cards.txt | 123 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/ci.txt | 212 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/contributors.txt | 96 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/faq.txt | 159 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware | 856 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/it9137.txt | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/lmedm04.txt | 81 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/opera-firmware.txt | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/readme.txt | 62 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt | 78 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/ttusb-dec.txt | 45 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/dvb/udev.txt | 46 |
15 files changed, 2425 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/README.dvb-usb b/Documentation/dvb/README.dvb-usb new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c4d963a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/README.dvb-usb @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ +Documentation for dvb-usb-framework module and its devices + +Idea behind the dvb-usb-framework +================================= + +In March 2005 I got the new Twinhan USB2.0 DVB-T device. They provided specs and a firmware. + +Quite keen I wanted to put the driver (with some quirks of course) into dibusb. +After reading some specs and doing some USB snooping, it realized, that the +dibusb-driver would be a complete mess afterwards. So I decided to do it in a +different way: With the help of a dvb-usb-framework. + +The framework provides generic functions (mostly kernel API calls), such as: + +- Transport Stream URB handling in conjunction with dvb-demux-feed-control + (bulk and isoc are supported) +- registering the device for the DVB-API +- registering an I2C-adapter if applicable +- remote-control/input-device handling +- firmware requesting and loading (currently just for the Cypress USB + controllers) +- other functions/methods which can be shared by several drivers (such as + functions for bulk-control-commands) +- TODO: a I2C-chunker. It creates device-specific chunks of register-accesses + depending on length of a register and the number of values that can be + multi-written and multi-read. + +The source code of the particular DVB USB devices does just the communication +with the device via the bus. The connection between the DVB-API-functionality +is done via callbacks, assigned in a static device-description (struct +dvb_usb_device) each device-driver has to have. + +For an example have a look in drivers/media/dvb/dvb-usb/vp7045*. + +Objective is to migrate all the usb-devices (dibusb, cinergyT2, maybe the +ttusb; flexcop-usb already benefits from the generic flexcop-device) to use +the dvb-usb-lib. + +TODO: dynamic enabling and disabling of the pid-filter in regard to number of +feeds requested. + +Supported devices +======================== + +See the LinuxTV DVB Wiki at www.linuxtv.org for a complete list of +cards/drivers/firmwares: + +http://www.linuxtv.org/wiki/index.php/DVB_USB + +0. History & News: + 2005-06-30 - added support for WideView WT-220U (Thanks to Steve Chang) + 2005-05-30 - added basic isochronous support to the dvb-usb-framework + added support for Conexant Hybrid reference design and Nebula DigiTV USB + 2005-04-17 - all dibusb devices ported to make use of the dvb-usb-framework + 2005-04-02 - re-enabled and improved remote control code. + 2005-03-31 - ported the Yakumo/Hama/Typhoon DVB-T USB2.0 device to dvb-usb. + 2005-03-30 - first commit of the dvb-usb-module based on the dibusb-source. First device is a new driver for the + TwinhanDTV Alpha / MagicBox II USB2.0-only DVB-T device. + + (change from dvb-dibusb to dvb-usb) + 2005-03-28 - added support for the AVerMedia AverTV DVB-T USB2.0 device (Thanks to Glen Harris and Jiun-Kuei Jung, AVerMedia) + 2005-03-14 - added support for the Typhoon/Yakumo/HAMA DVB-T mobile USB2.0 + 2005-02-11 - added support for the KWorld/ADSTech Instant DVB-T USB2.0. Thanks a lot to Joachim von Caron + 2005-02-02 - added support for the Hauppauge Win-TV Nova-T USB2 + 2005-01-31 - distorted streaming is gone for USB1.1 devices + 2005-01-13 - moved the mirrored pid_filter_table back to dvb-dibusb + - first almost working version for HanfTek UMT-010 + - found out, that Yakumo/HAMA/Typhoon are predecessors of the HanfTek UMT-010 + 2005-01-10 - refactoring completed, now everything is very delightful + - tuner quirks for some weird devices (Artec T1 AN2235 device has sometimes a + Panasonic Tuner assembled). Tunerprobing implemented. Thanks a lot to Gunnar Wittich. + 2004-12-29 - after several days of struggling around bug of no returning URBs fixed. + 2004-12-26 - refactored the dibusb-driver, splitted into separate files + - i2c-probing enabled + 2004-12-06 - possibility for demod i2c-address probing + - new usb IDs (Compro, Artec) + 2004-11-23 - merged changes from DiB3000MC_ver2.1 + - revised the debugging + - possibility to deliver the complete TS for USB2.0 + 2004-11-21 - first working version of the dib3000mc/p frontend driver. + 2004-11-12 - added additional remote control keys. Thanks to Uwe Hanke. + 2004-11-07 - added remote control support. Thanks to David Matthews. + 2004-11-05 - added support for a new devices (Grandtec/Avermedia/Artec) + - merged my changes (for dib3000mb/dibusb) to the FE_REFACTORING, because it became HEAD + - moved transfer control (pid filter, fifo control) from usb driver to frontend, it seems + better settled there (added xfer_ops-struct) + - created a common files for frontends (mc/p/mb) + 2004-09-28 - added support for a new device (Unknown, vendor ID is Hyper-Paltek) + 2004-09-20 - added support for a new device (Compro DVB-U2000), thanks + to Amaury Demol for reporting + - changed usb TS transfer method (several urbs, stopping transfer + before setting a new pid) + 2004-09-13 - added support for a new device (Artec T1 USB TVBOX), thanks + to Christian Motschke for reporting + 2004-09-05 - released the dibusb device and dib3000mb-frontend driver + + (old news for vp7041.c) + 2004-07-15 - found out, by accident, that the device has a TUA6010XS for + PLL + 2004-07-12 - figured out, that the driver should also work with the + CTS Portable (Chinese Television System) + 2004-07-08 - firmware-extraction-2.422-problem solved, driver is now working + properly with firmware extracted from 2.422 + - #if for 2.6.4 (dvb), compile issue + - changed firmware handling, see vp7041.txt sec 1.1 + 2004-07-02 - some tuner modifications, v0.1, cleanups, first public + 2004-06-28 - now using the dvb_dmx_swfilter_packets, everything + runs fine now + 2004-06-27 - able to watch and switching channels (pre-alpha) + - no section filtering yet + 2004-06-06 - first TS received, but kernel oops :/ + 2004-05-14 - firmware loader is working + 2004-05-11 - start writing the driver + +1. How to use? +1.1. Firmware + +Most of the USB drivers need to download a firmware to the device before start +working. + +Have a look at the Wikipage for the DVB-USB-drivers to find out, which firmware +you need for your device: + +http://www.linuxtv.org/wiki/index.php/DVB_USB + +1.2. Compiling + +Since the driver is in the linux kernel, activating the driver in +your favorite config-environment should sufficient. I recommend +to compile the driver as module. Hotplug does the rest. + +If you use dvb-kernel enter the build-2.6 directory run 'make' and 'insmod.sh +load' afterwards. + +1.3. Loading the drivers + +Hotplug is able to load the driver, when it is needed (because you plugged +in the device). + +If you want to enable debug output, you have to load the driver manually and +from within the dvb-kernel cvs repository. + +first have a look, which debug level are available: + +modinfo dvb-usb +modinfo dvb-usb-vp7045 +etc. + +modprobe dvb-usb debug=<level> +modprobe dvb-usb-vp7045 debug=<level> +etc. + +should do the trick. + +When the driver is loaded successfully, the firmware file was in +the right place and the device is connected, the "Power"-LED should be +turned on. + +At this point you should be able to start a dvb-capable application. I'm use +(t|s)zap, mplayer and dvbscan to test the basics. VDR-xine provides the +long-term test scenario. + +2. Known problems and bugs + +- Don't remove the USB device while running an DVB application, your system + will go crazy or die most likely. + +2.1. Adding support for devices + +TODO + +2.2. USB1.1 Bandwidth limitation + +A lot of the currently supported devices are USB1.1 and thus they have a +maximum bandwidth of about 5-6 MBit/s when connected to a USB2.0 hub. +This is not enough for receiving the complete transport stream of a +DVB-T channel (which is about 16 MBit/s). Normally this is not a +problem, if you only want to watch TV (this does not apply for HDTV), +but watching a channel while recording another channel on the same +frequency simply does not work very well. This applies to all USB1.1 +DVB-T devices, not just the dvb-usb-devices) + +The bug, where the TS is distorted by a heavy usage of the device is gone +definitely. All dvb-usb-devices I was using (Twinhan, Kworld, DiBcom) are +working like charm now with VDR. Sometimes I even was able to record a channel +and watch another one. + +2.3. Comments + +Patches, comments and suggestions are very very welcome. + +3. Acknowledgements + Amaury Demol (ademol@dibcom.fr) and Francois Kanounnikoff from DiBcom for + providing specs, code and help, on which the dvb-dibusb, dib3000mb and + dib3000mc are based. + + David Matthews for identifying a new device type (Artec T1 with AN2235) + and for extending dibusb with remote control event handling. Thank you. + + Alex Woods for frequently answering question about usb and dvb + stuff, a big thank you. + + Bernd Wagner for helping with huge bug reports and discussions. + + Gunnar Wittich and Joachim von Caron for their trust for providing + root-shells on their machines to implement support for new devices. + + Allan Third and Michael Hutchinson for their help to write the Nebula + digitv-driver. + + Glen Harris for bringing up, that there is a new dibusb-device and Jiun-Kuei + Jung from AVerMedia who kindly provided a special firmware to get the device + up and running in Linux. + + Jennifer Chen, Jeff and Jack from Twinhan for kindly supporting by + writing the vp7045-driver. + + Steve Chang from WideView for providing information for new devices and + firmware files. + + Michael Paxton for submitting remote control keymaps. + + Some guys on the linux-dvb mailing list for encouraging me. + + Peter Schildmann >peter.schildmann-nospam-at-web.de< for his + user-level firmware loader, which saves a lot of time + (when writing the vp7041 driver) + + Ulf Hermenau for helping me out with traditional chinese. + + André Smoktun and Christian Frömmel for supporting me with + hardware and listening to my problems very patiently. diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/avermedia.txt b/Documentation/dvb/avermedia.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e44c009a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/avermedia.txt @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ +HOWTO: Get An Avermedia DVB-T working under Linux + ______________________________________________ + + Table of Contents + Assumptions and Introduction + The Avermedia DVB-T + Getting the card going + Receiving DVB-T in Australia + Known Limitations + Further Update + +Assumptions and Introduction + + It is assumed that the reader understands the basic structure + of the Linux Kernel DVB drivers and the general principles of + Digital TV. + + One significant difference between Digital TV and Analogue TV + that the unwary (like myself) should consider is that, + although the component structure of budget DVB-T cards are + substantially similar to Analogue TV cards, they function in + substantially different ways. + + The purpose of an Analogue TV is to receive and display an + Analogue Television signal. An Analogue TV signal (otherwise + known as composite video) is an analogue encoding of a + sequence of image frames (25 per second) rasterised using an + interlacing technique. Interlacing takes two fields to + represent one frame. Computers today are at their best when + dealing with digital signals, not analogue signals and a + composite video signal is about as far removed from a digital + data stream as you can get. Therefore, an Analogue TV card for + a PC has the following purpose: + + * Tune the receiver to receive a broadcast signal + * demodulate the broadcast signal + * demultiplex the analogue video signal and analogue audio + signal (note some countries employ a digital audio signal + embedded within the modulated composite analogue signal - + NICAM.) + * digitize the analogue video signal and make the resulting + datastream available to the data bus. + + The digital datastream from an Analogue TV card is generated + by circuitry on the card and is often presented uncompressed. + For a PAL TV signal encoded at a resolution of 768x576 24-bit + color pixels over 25 frames per second - a fair amount of data + is generated and must be processed by the PC before it can be + displayed on the video monitor screen. Some Analogue TV cards + for PCs have onboard MPEG2 encoders which permit the raw + digital data stream to be presented to the PC in an encoded + and compressed form - similar to the form that is used in + Digital TV. + + The purpose of a simple budget digital TV card (DVB-T,C or S) + is to simply: + + * Tune the received to receive a broadcast signal. + * Extract the encoded digital datastream from the broadcast + signal. + * Make the encoded digital datastream (MPEG2) available to + the data bus. + + The significant difference between the two is that the tuner + on the analogue TV card spits out an Analogue signal, whereas + the tuner on the digital TV card spits out a compressed + encoded digital datastream. As the signal is already + digitised, it is trivial to pass this datastream to the PC + databus with minimal additional processing and then extract + the digital video and audio datastreams passing them to the + appropriate software or hardware for decoding and viewing. + _________________________________________________________ + +The Avermedia DVB-T + + The Avermedia DVB-T is a budget PCI DVB card. It has 3 inputs: + + * RF Tuner Input + * Composite Video Input (RCA Jack) + * SVIDEO Input (Mini-DIN) + + The RF Tuner Input is the input to the tuner module of the + card. The Tuner is otherwise known as the "Frontend" . The + Frontend of the Avermedia DVB-T is a Microtune 7202D. A timely + post to the linux-dvb mailing list ascertained that the + Microtune 7202D is supported by the sp887x driver which is + found in the dvb-hw CVS module. + + The DVB-T card is based around the BT878 chip which is a very + common multimedia bridge and often found on Analogue TV cards. + There is no on-board MPEG2 decoder, which means that all MPEG2 + decoding must be done in software, or if you have one, on an + MPEG2 hardware decoding card or chipset. + _________________________________________________________ + +Getting the card going + + In order to fire up the card, it is necessary to load a number + of modules from the DVB driver set. Prior to this it will have + been necessary to download these drivers from the linuxtv CVS + server and compile them successfully. + + Depending on the card's feature set, the Device Driver API for + DVB under Linux will expose some of the following device files + in the /dev tree: + + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 + + The primary device nodes that we are interested in (at this + stage) for the Avermedia DVB-T are: + + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 + * /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 + + The dvr0 device node is used to read the MPEG2 Data Stream and + the frontend0 node is used to tune the frontend tuner module. + + At this stage, it has not been able to ascertain the + functionality of the remaining device nodes in respect of the + Avermedia DVBT. However, full functionality in respect of + tuning, receiving and supplying the MPEG2 data stream is + possible with the currently available versions of the driver. + It may be possible that additional functionality is available + from the card (i.e. viewing the additional analogue inputs + that the card presents), but this has not been tested yet. If + I get around to this, I'll update the document with whatever I + find. + + To power up the card, load the following modules in the + following order: + + * modprobe bttv (normally loaded automatically) + * modprobe dvb-bt8xx (or place dvb-bt8xx in /etc/modules) + + Insertion of these modules into the running kernel will + activate the appropriate DVB device nodes. It is then possible + to start accessing the card with utilities such as scan, tzap, + dvbstream etc. + + The frontend module sp887x.o, requires an external firmware. + Please use the command "get_dvb_firmware sp887x" to download + it. Then copy it to /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware or /lib/firmware/ + (depending on configuration of firmware hotplug). + +Receiving DVB-T in Australia + + I have no experience of DVB-T in other countries other than + Australia, so I will attempt to explain how it works here in + Melbourne and how this affects the configuration of the DVB-T + card. + + The Digital Broadcasting Australia website has a Reception + locatortool which provides information on transponder channels + and frequencies. My local transmitter happens to be Mount + Dandenong. + + The frequencies broadcast by Mount Dandenong are: + + Table 1. Transponder Frequencies Mount Dandenong, Vic, Aus. + Broadcaster Channel Frequency + ABC VHF 12 226.5 MHz + TEN VHF 11 219.5 MHz + NINE VHF 8 191.625 MHz + SEVEN VHF 6 177.5 MHz + SBS UHF 29 536.5 MHz + + The Scan utility has a set of compiled-in defaults for various + countries and regions, but if they do not suit, or if you have + a pre-compiled scan binary, you can specify a data file on the + command line which contains the transponder frequencies. Here + is a sample file for the above channel transponders: +# Data file for DVB scan program +# +# C Frequency SymbolRate FEC QAM +# S Frequency Polarisation SymbolRate FEC +# T Frequency Bandwidth FEC FEC2 QAM Mode Guard Hier +T 226500000 7MHz 2/3 NONE QAM64 8k 1/8 NONE +T 191625000 7MHz 2/3 NONE QAM64 8k 1/8 NONE +T 219500000 7MHz 2/3 NONE QAM64 8k 1/8 NONE +T 177500000 7MHz 2/3 NONE QAM64 8k 1/8 NONE +T 536500000 7MHz 2/3 NONE QAM64 8k 1/8 NONE + + The defaults for the transponder frequency and other + modulation parameters were obtained from www.dba.org.au. + + When Scan runs, it will output channels.conf information for + any channel's transponders which the card's frontend can lock + onto. (i.e. any whose signal is strong enough at your + antenna). + + Here's my channels.conf file for anyone who's interested: +ABC HDTV:226500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_3_4:QAM_64 +:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:2307:0:560 +ABC TV Melbourne:226500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_3_ +4:QAM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:65 +0:561 +ABC TV 2:226500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_3_4:QAM_64 +:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:562 +ABC TV 3:226500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_3_4:QAM_64 +:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:563 +ABC TV 4:226500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_3_4:QAM_64 +:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:564 +ABC DiG Radio:226500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_3_4:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:0:2311:56 +6 +TEN Digital:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:158 +5 +TEN Digital 1:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:1 +586 +TEN Digital 2:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:1 +587 +TEN Digital 3:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:1 +588 +TEN Digital:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:158 +9 +TEN Digital 4:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:1 +590 +TEN Digital:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:159 +1 +TEN HD:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QAM_64:T +RANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:514:0:1592 +TEN Digital:219500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:650:159 +3 +Nine Digital:191625000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QA +M_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:513:660:10 +72 +Nine Digital HD:191625000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2 +:QAM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:512:0:1 +073 +Nine Guide:191625000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_3_4:FEC_1_2:QAM_ +64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16:HIERARCHY_NONE:514:670:1074 +7 Digital:177500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM_6 +4:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:769:770:1328 +7 Digital 1:177500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:769:770:1329 +7 Digital 2:177500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:769:770:1330 +7 Digital 3:177500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:769:770:1331 +7 HD Digital:177500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QA +M_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:833:834:133 +2 +7 Program Guide:177500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3 +:QAM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:865:866: +1334 +SBS HD:536500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM_64:T +RANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:102:103:784 +SBS DIGITAL 1:536500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:161:81:785 +SBS DIGITAL 2:536500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:Q +AM_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:162:83:786 +SBS EPG:536500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM_64: +TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:163:85:787 +SBS RADIO 1:536500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:0:201:798 +SBS RADIO 2:536500000:INVERSION_OFF:BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ:FEC_2_3:FEC_2_3:QAM +_64:TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K:GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8:HIERARCHY_NONE:0:202:799 + _________________________________________________________ + +Known Limitations + + At present I can say with confidence that the frontend tunes + via /dev/dvb/adapter{x}/frontend0 and supplies an MPEG2 stream + via /dev/dvb/adapter{x}/dvr0. I have not tested the + functionality of any other part of the card yet. I will do so + over time and update this document. + + There are some limitations in the i2c layer due to a returned + error message inconsistency. Although this generates errors in + dmesg and the system logs, it does not appear to affect the + ability of the frontend to function correctly. + _________________________________________________________ + +Further Update + + dvbstream and VideoLAN Client on windows works a treat with + DVB, in fact this is currently serving as my main way of + viewing DVB-T at the moment. Additionally, VLC is happily + decoding HDTV signals, although the PC is dropping the odd + frame here and there - I assume due to processing capability - + as all the decoding is being done under windows in software. + + Many thanks to Nigel Pearson for the updates to this document + since the recent revision of the driver. + + February 14th 2006 diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/bt8xx.txt b/Documentation/dvb/bt8xx.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b7b1d1b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/bt8xx.txt @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +How to get the bt8xx cards working +================================== + +1) General information +====================== + +This class of cards has a bt878a as the PCI interface, and require the bttv driver +for accessing the i2c bus and the gpio pins of the bt8xx chipset. +Please see Documentation/dvb/cards.txt => o Cards based on the Conexant Bt8xx PCI bridge: + +Compiling kernel please enable: +a.)"Device drivers" => "Multimedia devices" => "Video For Linux" => "Enable Video for Linux API 1 (DEPRECATED)" +b.)"Device drivers" => "Multimedia devices" => "Video For Linux" => "Video Capture Adapters" => "BT848 Video For Linux" +c.)"Device drivers" => "Multimedia devices" => "Digital Video Broadcasting Devices" => "DVB for Linux" "DVB Core Support" "Bt8xx based PCI Cards" + +Please use the following options with care as deselection of drivers which are in fact necessary +may result in DVB devices that cannot be tuned due to lack of driver support: +You can save RAM by deselecting every frontend module that your DVB card does not need. + +First please remove the static dependency of DVB card drivers on all frontend modules for all possible card variants by enabling: +d.) "Device drivers" => "Multimedia devices" => "Digital Video Broadcasting Devices" + => "DVB for Linux" "DVB Core Support" "Load and attach frontend modules as needed" + +If you know the frontend driver that your card needs please enable: +e.)"Device drivers" => "Multimedia devices" => "Digital Video Broadcasting Devices" + => "DVB for Linux" "DVB Core Support" "Customise DVB Frontends" => "Customise the frontend modules to build" + Then please select your card-specific frontend module. + +2) Loading Modules +================== + +Regular case: If the bttv driver detects a bt8xx-based DVB card, all frontend and backend modules will be loaded automatically. +Exceptions are: +- Old TwinHan DST cards or clones with or without CA slot and not containing an Eeprom. +People running udev please see Documentation/dvb/udev.txt. + +In the following cases overriding the PCI type detection for dvb-bt8xx might be necessary: + +2a) Running TwinHan and Clones +------------------------------ + + $ modprobe bttv card=113 + $ modprobe dst + +Useful parameters for verbosity level and debugging the dst module: + +verbose=0: messages are disabled + 1: only error messages are displayed + 2: notifications are displayed + 3: other useful messages are displayed + 4: debug setting +dst_addons=0: card is a free to air (FTA) card only + 0x20: card has a conditional access slot for scrambled channels + +The autodetected values are determined by the cards' "response string". +In your logs see f. ex.: dst_get_device_id: Recognize [DSTMCI]. +For bug reports please send in a complete log with verbose=4 activated. +Please also see Documentation/dvb/ci.txt. + +2b) Running multiple cards +-------------------------- + +Examples of card ID's: + +Pinnacle PCTV Sat: 94 +Nebula Electronics Digi TV: 104 +pcHDTV HD-2000 TV: 112 +Twinhan DST and clones: 113 +Avermedia AverTV DVB-T 771: 123 +Avermedia AverTV DVB-T 761: 124 +DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T Lite: 128 +DViCO FusionHDTV 5 Lite: 135 + +Notice: The order of the card ID should be uprising: +Example: + $ modprobe bttv card=113 card=135 + +For a full list of card ID's please see Documentation/video4linux/CARDLIST.bttv. +In case of further problems please subscribe and send questions to the mailing list: linux-dvb@linuxtv.org. + +2c) Probing the cards with broken PCI subsystem ID +-------------------------------------------------- +There are some TwinHan cards that the EEPROM has become corrupted for some +reason. The cards do not have correct PCI subsystem ID. But we can force +probing the cards with broken PCI subsystem ID + + $ echo 109e 0878 $subvendor $subdevice > \ + /sys/bus/pci/drivers/bt878/new_id + +109e: PCI_VENDOR_ID_BROOKTREE +0878: PCI_DEVICE_ID_BROOKTREE_878 + +Authors: Richard Walker, + Jamie Honan, + Michael Hunold, + Manu Abraham, + Uwe Bugla, + Michael Krufky diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt b/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..97709e9a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +Hardware supported by the linuxtv.org DVB drivers +================================================= + + Generally, the DVB hardware manufacturers frequently change the + frontends (i.e. tuner / demodulator units) used, usually without + changing the product name, revision number or specs. Some cards + are also available in versions with different frontends for + DVB-S/DVB-C/DVB-T. Thus the frontend drivers are listed separately. + + Note 1: There is no guarantee that every frontend driver works + out of the box with every card, because of different wiring. + + Note 2: The demodulator chips can be used with a variety of + tuner/PLL chips, and not all combinations are supported. Often + the demodulator and tuner/PLL chip are inside a metal box for + shielding, and the whole metal box has its own part number. + + +o Frontends drivers: + - dvb_dummy_fe: for testing... + DVB-S: + - ves1x93 : Alps BSRV2 (ves1893 demodulator) and dbox2 (ves1993) + - cx24110 : Conexant HM1221/HM1811 (cx24110 or cx24106 demod, cx24108 PLL) + - grundig_29504-491 : Grundig 29504-491 (Philips TDA8083 demodulator), tsa5522 PLL + - mt312 : Zarlink mt312 or Mitel vp310 demodulator, sl1935 or tsa5059 PLLi, Technisat Sky2Pc with bios Rev. 2.3 + - stv0299 : Alps BSRU6 (tsa5059 PLL), LG TDQB-S00x (tsa5059 PLL), + LG TDQF-S001F (sl1935 PLL), Philips SU1278 (tua6100 PLL), + Philips SU1278SH (tsa5059 PLL), Samsung TBMU24112IMB, Technisat Sky2Pc with bios Rev. 2.6 + DVB-C: + - ves1820 : various (ves1820 demodulator, sp5659c or spXXXX PLL) + - at76c651 : Atmel AT76c651(B) with DAT7021 PLL + DVB-T: + - alps_tdlb7 : Alps TDLB7 (sp8870 demodulator, sp5659 PLL) + - alps_tdmb7 : Alps TDMB7 (cx22700 demodulator) + - grundig_29504-401 : Grundig 29504-401 (LSI L64781 demodulator), tsa5060 PLL + - tda1004x : Philips tda10045h (td1344 or tdm1316l PLL) + - nxt6000 : Alps TDME7 (MITEL SP5659 PLL), Alps TDED4 (TI ALP510 PLL), + Comtech DVBT-6k07 (SP5730 PLL) + (NxtWave Communications NXT6000 demodulator) + - sp887x : Microtune 7202D + - dib3000mb : DiBcom 3000-MB demodulator + DVB-S/C/T: + - dst : TwinHan DST Frontend + ATSC: + - nxt200x : Nxtwave NXT2002 & NXT2004 + - or51211 : or51211 based (pcHDTV HD2000 card) + - or51132 : or51132 based (pcHDTV HD3000 card) + - bcm3510 : Broadcom BCM3510 + - lgdt330x : LG Electronics DT3302 & DT3303 + + +o Cards based on the Phillips saa7146 multimedia PCI bridge chip: + - TI AV7110 based cards (i.e. with hardware MPEG decoder): + - Siemens/Technotrend/Hauppauge PCI DVB card revision 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 2.1 + (aka Hauppauge Nexus) + - "budget" cards (i.e. without hardware MPEG decoder): + - Technotrend Budget / Hauppauge WinTV-Nova PCI Cards + - SATELCO Multimedia PCI + - KNC1 DVB-S, Typhoon DVB-S, Terratec Cinergy 1200 DVB-S (no CI support) + - Typhoon DVB-S budget + - Fujitsu-Siemens Activy DVB-S budget card + +o Cards based on the B2C2 Inc. FlexCopII/IIb/III: + - Technisat SkyStar2 PCI DVB card revision 2.3, 2.6B, 2.6C + +o Cards based on the Conexant Bt8xx PCI bridge: + - Pinnacle PCTV Sat DVB + - Nebula Electronics DigiTV + - TwinHan DST + - Avermedia DVB-T + - ChainTech digitop DST-1000 DVB-S + - pcHDTV HD-2000 TV + - DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T Lite + - DViCO FusionHDTV5 Lite + +o Technotrend / Hauppauge DVB USB devices: + - Nova USB + - DEC 2000-T, 3000-S, 2540-T + +o DiBcom DVB-T USB based devices: + - Twinhan VisionPlus VisionDTV USB-Ter DVB-T Device + - HAMA DVB-T USB device + - CTS Portable (Chinese Television System) + - KWorld V-Stream XPERT DTV DVB-T USB + - JetWay DTV DVB-T USB + - ADSTech Instant TV DVB-T USB + - Ultima Electronic/Artec T1 USB TVBOX (AN2135 and AN2235) + - Compro Videomate DVB-U2000 - DVB-T USB + - Grandtec USB DVB-T + - Avermedia AverTV DVBT USB + - DiBcom USB DVB-T reference device (non-public) + - Yakumo DVB-T mobile USB2.0 + - DiBcom USB2.0 DVB-T reference device (non-public) + +o Experimental support for the analog module of the Siemens DVB-C PCI card + +o Cards based on the Conexant cx2388x PCI bridge: + - ADS Tech Instant TV DVB-T PCI + - ATI HDTV Wonder + - digitalnow DNTV Live! DVB-T + - DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T1 + - DViCO FusionHDTV DVB-T Plus + - DViCO FusionHDTV3 Gold-Q + - DViCO FusionHDTV3 Gold-T + - DViCO FusionHDTV5 Gold + - Hauppauge Nova-T DVB-T + - KWorld/VStream XPert DVB-T + - pcHDTV HD3000 HDTV + - TerraTec Cinergy 1400 DVB-T + - WinFast DTV1000-T + +o Cards based on the Phillips saa7134 PCI bridge: + - Medion 7134 + - Pinnacle PCTV 300i DVB-T + PAL + - LifeView FlyDVB-T DUO + - Typhoon DVB-T Duo Digital/Analog Cardbus + - Philips TOUGH DVB-T reference design + - Philips EUROPA V3 reference design + - Compro Videomate DVB-T300 + - Compro Videomate DVB-T200 + - AVerMedia AVerTVHD MCE A180 + - KWorld PC150-U ATSC Hybrid + diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt b/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6c3bda50 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ +* For the user +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +NOTE: This document describes the usage of the high level CI API as +in accordance to the Linux DVB API. This is a not a documentation for the, +existing low level CI API. +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +To utilize the High Level CI capabilities, + +(1*) This point is valid only for the Twinhan/clones + For the Twinhan/Twinhan clones, the dst_ca module handles the CI + hardware handling.This module is loaded automatically if a CI + (Common Interface, that holds the CAM (Conditional Access Module) + is detected. + +(2) one requires a userspace application, ca_zap. This small userland + application is in charge of sending the descrambling related information + to the CAM. + +This application requires the following to function properly as of now. + + (a) Tune to a valid channel, with szap. + eg: $ szap -c channels.conf -r "TMC" -x + + (b) a channels.conf containing a valid PMT PID + eg: TMC:11996:h:0:27500:278:512:650:321 + + here 278 is a valid PMT PID. the rest of the values are the + same ones that szap uses. + + (c) after running a szap, you have to run ca_zap, for the + descrambler to function, + eg: $ ca_zap channels.conf "TMC" + + (d) Hopefully enjoy your favourite subscribed channel as you do with + a FTA card. + +(3) Currently ca_zap, and dst_test, both are meant for demonstration + purposes only, they can become full fledged applications if necessary. + + +* Cards that fall in this category +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +At present the cards that fall in this category are the Twinhan and its +clones, these cards are available as VVMER, Tomato, Hercules, Orange and +so on. + +* CI modules that are supported +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The CI module support is largely dependent upon the firmware on the cards +Some cards do support almost all of the available CI modules. There is +nothing much that can be done in order to make additional CI modules +working with these cards. + +Modules that have been tested by this driver at present are + +(1) Irdeto 1 and 2 from SCM +(2) Viaccess from SCM +(3) Dragoncam + +* The High level CI API +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +* For the programmer +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +With the High Level CI approach any new card with almost any random +architecture can be implemented with this style, the definitions +inside the switch statement can be easily adapted for any card, thereby +eliminating the need for any additional ioctls. + +The disadvantage is that the driver/hardware has to manage the rest. For +the application programmer it would be as simple as sending/receiving an +array to/from the CI ioctls as defined in the Linux DVB API. No changes +have been made in the API to accommodate this feature. + + +* Why the need for another CI interface ? +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +This is one of the most commonly asked question. Well a nice question. +Strictly speaking this is not a new interface. + +The CI interface is defined in the DVB API in ca.h as + +typedef struct ca_slot_info { + int num; /* slot number */ + + int type; /* CA interface this slot supports */ +#define CA_CI 1 /* CI high level interface */ +#define CA_CI_LINK 2 /* CI link layer level interface */ +#define CA_CI_PHYS 4 /* CI physical layer level interface */ +#define CA_DESCR 8 /* built-in descrambler */ +#define CA_SC 128 /* simple smart card interface */ + + unsigned int flags; +#define CA_CI_MODULE_PRESENT 1 /* module (or card) inserted */ +#define CA_CI_MODULE_READY 2 +} ca_slot_info_t; + + + +This CI interface follows the CI high level interface, which is not +implemented by most applications. Hence this area is revisited. + +This CI interface is quite different in the case that it tries to +accommodate all other CI based devices, that fall into the other categories. + +This means that this CI interface handles the EN50221 style tags in the +Application layer only and no session management is taken care of by the +application. The driver/hardware will take care of all that. + +This interface is purely an EN50221 interface exchanging APDU's. This +means that no session management, link layer or a transport layer do +exist in this case in the application to driver communication. It is +as simple as that. The driver/hardware has to take care of that. + + +With this High Level CI interface, the interface can be defined with the +regular ioctls. + +All these ioctls are also valid for the High level CI interface + +#define CA_RESET _IO('o', 128) +#define CA_GET_CAP _IOR('o', 129, ca_caps_t) +#define CA_GET_SLOT_INFO _IOR('o', 130, ca_slot_info_t) +#define CA_GET_DESCR_INFO _IOR('o', 131, ca_descr_info_t) +#define CA_GET_MSG _IOR('o', 132, ca_msg_t) +#define CA_SEND_MSG _IOW('o', 133, ca_msg_t) +#define CA_SET_DESCR _IOW('o', 134, ca_descr_t) +#define CA_SET_PID _IOW('o', 135, ca_pid_t) + + +On querying the device, the device yields information thus + +CA_GET_SLOT_INFO +---------------------------- +Command = [info] +APP: Number=[1] +APP: Type=[1] +APP: flags=[1] +APP: CI High level interface +APP: CA/CI Module Present + +CA_GET_CAP +---------------------------- +Command = [caps] +APP: Slots=[1] +APP: Type=[1] +APP: Descrambler keys=[16] +APP: Type=[1] + +CA_SEND_MSG +---------------------------- +Descriptors(Program Level)=[ 09 06 06 04 05 50 ff f1] +Found CA descriptor @ program level + +(20) ES type=[2] ES pid=[201] ES length =[0 (0x0)] +(25) ES type=[4] ES pid=[301] ES length =[0 (0x0)] +ca_message length is 25 (0x19) bytes +EN50221 CA MSG=[ 9f 80 32 19 03 01 2d d1 f0 08 01 09 06 06 04 05 50 ff f1 02 e0 c9 00 00 04 e1 2d 00 00] + + +Not all ioctl's are implemented in the driver from the API, the other +features of the hardware that cannot be implemented by the API are achieved +using the CA_GET_MSG and CA_SEND_MSG ioctls. An EN50221 style wrapper is +used to exchange the data to maintain compatibility with other hardware. + + +/* a message to/from a CI-CAM */ +typedef struct ca_msg { + unsigned int index; + unsigned int type; + unsigned int length; + unsigned char msg[256]; +} ca_msg_t; + + +The flow of data can be described thus, + + + + + + App (User) + ----- + parse + | + | + v + en50221 APDU (package) + -------------------------------------- + | | | High Level CI driver + | | | + | v | + | en50221 APDU (unpackage) | + | | | + | | | + | v | + | sanity checks | + | | | + | | | + | v | + | do (H/W dep) | + -------------------------------------- + | Hardware + | + v + + + + +The High Level CI interface uses the EN50221 DVB standard, following a +standard ensures futureproofness. diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/contributors.txt b/Documentation/dvb/contributors.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..47c30098 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/contributors.txt @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +Thanks go to the following people for patches and contributions: + +Michael Hunold <m.hunold@gmx.de> + for the initial saa7146 driver and its recent overhaul + +Christian Theiss + for his work on the initial Linux DVB driver + +Marcus Metzler <mocm@metzlerbros.de> +Ralph Metzler <rjkm@metzlerbros.de> + for their continuing work on the DVB driver + +Michael Holzt <kju@debian.org> + for his contributions to the dvb-net driver + +Diego Picciani <d.picciani@novacomp.it> + for CyberLogin for Linux which allows logging onto EON + (in case you are wondering where CyberLogin is, EON changed its login + procedure and CyberLogin is no longer used.) + +Martin Schaller <martin@smurf.franken.de> + for patching the cable card decoder driver + +Klaus Schmidinger <Klaus.Schmidinger@cadsoft.de> + for various fixes regarding tuning, OSD and CI stuff and his work on VDR + +Steve Brown <sbrown@cortland.com> + for his AFC kernel thread + +Christoph Martin <martin@uni-mainz.de> + for his LIRC infrared handler + +Andreas Oberritter <obi@linuxtv.org> +Dennis Noermann <dennis.noermann@noernet.de> +Felix Domke <tmbinc@elitedvb.net> +Florian Schirmer <jolt@tuxbox.org> +Ronny Strutz <3des@elitedvb.de> +Wolfram Joost <dbox2@frokaschwei.de> +...and all the other dbox2 people + for many bugfixes in the generic DVB Core, frontend drivers and + their work on the dbox2 port of the DVB driver + +Oliver Endriss <o.endriss@gmx.de> + for many bugfixes + +Andrew de Quincey <adq_dvb@lidskialf.net> + for the tda1004x frontend driver, and various bugfixes + +Peter Schildmann <peter.schildmann@web.de> + for the driver for the Technisat SkyStar2 PCI DVB card + +Vadim Catana <skystar@moldova.cc> +Roberto Ragusa <r.ragusa@libero.it> +Augusto Cardoso <augusto@carhil.net> + for all the work for the FlexCopII chipset by B2C2,Inc. + +Davor Emard <emard@softhome.net> + for his work on the budget drivers, the demux code, + the module unloading problems, ... + +Hans-Frieder Vogt <hfvogt@arcor.de> + for his work on calculating and checking the crc's for the + TechnoTrend/Hauppauge DEC driver firmware + +Michael Dreher <michael@5dot1.de> +Andreas 'randy' Weinberger + for the support of the Fujitsu-Siemens Activy budget DVB-S + +Kenneth Aafløy <ke-aa@frisurf.no> + for adding support for Typhoon DVB-S budget card + +Ernst Peinlich <e.peinlich@inode.at> + for tuning/DiSEqC support for the DEC 3000-s + +Peter Beutner <p.beutner@gmx.net> + for the IR code for the ttusb-dec driver + +Wilson Michaels <wilsonmichaels@earthlink.net> + for the lgdt330x frontend driver, and various bugfixes + +Michael Krufky <mkrufky@m1k.net> + for maintaining v4l/dvb inter-tree dependencies + +Taylor Jacob <rtjacob@earthlink.net> + for the nxt2002 frontend driver + +Jean-Francois Thibert <jeanfrancois@sagetv.com> + for the nxt2004 frontend driver + +Kirk Lapray <kirk.lapray@gmail.com> + for the or51211 and or51132 frontend drivers, and + for merging the nxt2002 and nxt2004 modules into a + single nxt200x frontend driver. + +(If you think you should be in this list, but you are not, drop a + line to the DVB mailing list) diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/faq.txt b/Documentation/dvb/faq.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..97b1373f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/faq.txt @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ +Some very frequently asked questions about linuxtv-dvb + +1. The signal seems to die a few seconds after tuning. + + It's not a bug, it's a feature. Because the frontends have + significant power requirements (and hence get very hot), they + are powered down if they are unused (i.e. if the frontend device + is closed). The dvb-core.o module parameter "dvb_shutdown_timeout" + allow you to change the timeout (default 5 seconds). Setting the + timeout to 0 disables the timeout feature. + +2. How can I watch TV? + + The driver distribution includes some simple utilities which + are mainly intended for testing and to demonstrate how the + DVB API works. + + Depending on whether you have a DVB-S, DVB-C or DVB-T card, use + apps/szap/szap, czap or tzap. You must supply a channel list + in ~/.[sct]zap/channels.conf. If you are lucky you can just copy + one of the supplied channel lists, or you can create a new one + by running apps/scan/scan. If you run scan on an unknown network + you might have to supply some start data in apps/scan/initial.h. + + If you have a card with a built-in hardware MPEG-decoder the + drivers create a video4linux device (/dev/v4l/video0) which + you can use to watch TV with any v4l application. xawtv is known + to work. Note that you cannot change channels with xawtv, you + have to zap using [sct]zap. If you want a nice application for + TV watching and record/playback, have a look at VDR. + + If your card does not have a hardware MPEG decoder you need + a software MPEG decoder. Mplayer or xine are known to work. + Newsflash: MythTV also has DVB support now. + Note: Only very recent versions of Mplayer and xine can decode. + MPEG2 transport streams (TS) directly. Then, run + '[sct]zap channelname -r' in one xterm, and keep it running, + and start 'mplayer - < /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0' or + 'xine stdin://mpeg2 < /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0' in a second xterm. + That's all far from perfect, but it seems no one has written + a nice DVB application which includes a builtin software MPEG + decoder yet. + + Newsflash: Newest xine directly supports DVB. Just copy your + channels.conf to ~/.xine and start 'xine dvb://', or select + the DVB button in the xine GUI. Channel switching works using the + numpad pgup/pgdown (NP9 / NP3) keys to scroll through the channel osd + menu and pressing numpad-enter to switch to the selected channel. + + Note: Older versions of xine and mplayer understand MPEG program + streams (PS) only, and can be used in conjunction with the + ts2ps tool from the Metzler Brother's dvb-mpegtools package. + +3. Which other DVB applications exist? + + http://www.cadsoft.de/people/kls/vdr/ + Klaus Schmidinger's Video Disk Recorder + + http://www.metzlerbros.org/dvb/ + Metzler Bros. DVB development; alternate drivers and + DVB utilities, include dvb-mpegtools and tuxzap. + + http://sourceforge.net/projects/dvbtools/ + Dave Chapman's dvbtools package, including + dvbstream and dvbtune + + http://www.linuxdvb.tv/ + Henning Holtschneider's site with many interesting + links and docs + + http://www.dbox2.info/ + LinuxDVB on the dBox2 + + http://www.tuxbox.org/ + http://cvs.tuxbox.org/ + the TuxBox CVS many interesting DVB applications and the dBox2 + DVB source + + http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/ + DVB Swiss Army Knife library and utilities + + http://www.nenie.org/misc/mpsys/ + MPSYS: a MPEG2 system library and tools + + http://mplayerhq.hu/ + mplayer + + http://xine.sourceforge.net/ + http://xinehq.de/ + xine + + http://www.mythtv.org/ + MythTV - analog TV PVR, but now with DVB support, too + (with software MPEG decode) + + http://dvbsnoop.sourceforge.net/ + DVB sniffer program to monitor, analyze, debug, dump + or view dvb/mpeg/dsm-cc/mhp stream information (TS, + PES, SECTION) + +4. Can't get a signal tuned correctly + + If you are using a Technotrend/Hauppauge DVB-C card *without* analog + module, you might have to use module parameter adac=-1 (dvb-ttpci.o). + +5. The dvb_net device doesn't give me any packets at all + + Run tcpdump on the dvb0_0 interface. This sets the interface + into promiscuous mode so it accepts any packets from the PID + you have configured with the dvbnet utility. Check if there + are any packets with the IP addr and MAC addr you have + configured with ifconfig. + + If tcpdump doesn't give you any output, check the statistics + which ifconfig outputs. (Note: If the MAC address is wrong, + dvb_net won't get any input; thus you have to run tcpdump + before checking the statistics.) If there are no packets at + all then maybe the PID is wrong. If there are error packets, + then either the PID is wrong or the stream does not conform to + the MPE standard (EN 301 192, http://www.etsi.org/). You can + use e.g. dvbsnoop for debugging. + +6. The dvb_net device doesn't give me any multicast packets + + Check your routes if they include the multicast address range. + Additionally make sure that "source validation by reversed path + lookup" is disabled: + $ "echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/dvb0/rp_filter" + +7. What the hell are all those modules that need to be loaded? + + For a dvb-ttpci av7110 based full-featured card the following + modules are loaded: + + - videodev: Video4Linux core module. This is the base module that + gives you access to the "analog" tv picture of the av7110 mpeg2 + decoder. + + - v4l2-common: common functions for Video4Linux-2 drivers + + - v4l1-compat: backward compatibility layer for Video4Linux-1 legacy + applications + + - dvb-core: DVB core module. This provides you with the + /dev/dvb/adapter entries + + - saa7146: SAA7146 core driver. This is need to access any SAA7146 + based card in your system. + + - saa7146_vv: SAA7146 video and vbi functions. These are only needed + for full-featured cards. + + - videobuf-dma-sg: capture helper module for the saa7146_vv driver. This + one is responsible to handle capture buffers. + + - dvb-ttpci: The main driver for AV7110 based, full-featured + DVB-S/C/T cards + +eof diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware b/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware new file mode 100755 index 00000000..d1d4a179 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/get_dvb_firmware @@ -0,0 +1,856 @@ +#!/usr/bin/perl +# DVB firmware extractor +# +# (c) 2004 Andrew de Quincey +# +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or +# (at your option) any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# +# GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software +# Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. + +use File::Temp qw/ tempdir /; +use IO::Handle; + +@components = ( "sp8870", "sp887x", "tda10045", "tda10046", + "tda10046lifeview", "av7110", "dec2000t", "dec2540t", + "dec3000s", "vp7041", "dibusb", "nxt2002", "nxt2004", + "or51211", "or51132_qam", "or51132_vsb", "bluebird", + "opera1", "cx231xx", "cx18", "cx23885", "pvrusb2", "mpc718", + "af9015", "ngene", "az6027", "lme2510_lg", "lme2510c_s7395", + "lme2510c_s7395_old", "drxk", "drxk_terratec_h5", + "drxk_hauppauge_hvr930c", "tda10071", "it9135", "it9137"); + +# Check args +syntax() if (scalar(@ARGV) != 1); +$cid = $ARGV[0]; + +# Do it! +for ($i=0; $i < scalar(@components); $i++) { + if ($cid eq $components[$i]) { + $outfile = eval($cid); + die $@ if $@; + print STDERR <<EOF; +Firmware(s) $outfile extracted successfully. +Now copy it(them) to either /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware or /lib/firmware +(depending on configuration of firmware hotplug). +EOF + exit(0); + } +} + +# If we get here, it wasn't found +print STDERR "Unknown component \"$cid\"\n"; +syntax(); + + + + +# --------------------------------------------------------------- +# Firmware-specific extraction subroutines + +sub sp8870 { + my $sourcefile = "tt_Premium_217g.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.softwarepatch.pl/9999ccd06a4813cb827dbb0005071c71/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "53970ec17a538945a6d8cb608a7b3899"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-sp8870.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/software/OEM/HE/App/boot/SC_MAIN.MC", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/software/OEM/HE/App/boot/SC_MAIN.MC", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub sp887x { + my $sourcefile = "Dvbt1.3.57.6.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.avermedia.com/software/$sourcefile"; + my $cabfile = "DVBT Net Ver1.3.57.6/disk1/data1.cab"; + my $hash = "237938d53a7f834c05c42b894ca68ac3"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-sp887x.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + checkunshield(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + unshield("$tmpdir/$cabfile", $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/ZEnglish/sc_main.mc", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/ZEnglish/sc_main.mc", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub tda10045 { + my $sourcefile = "tt_budget_217g.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.technotrend.de/new/217g/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "2105fd5bf37842fbcdfa4bfd58f3594a"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-tda10045.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/software/OEM/PCI/App/ttlcdacc.dll", 0x37ef9, 30555, "$tmpdir/fwtmp"); + verify("$tmpdir/fwtmp", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/fwtmp", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub tda10046 { + my $sourcefile = "TT_PCI_2.19h_28_11_2006.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.tt-download.com/download/updates/219/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "6a7e1e2f2644b162ff0502367553c72d"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-tda10046.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/TT_PCI_2.19h_28_11_2006/software/OEM/PCI/App/ttlcdacc.dll", 0x65389, 24478, "$tmpdir/fwtmp"); + verify("$tmpdir/fwtmp", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/fwtmp", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub tda10046lifeview { + my $sourcefile = "7%5Cdrv_2.11.02.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.lifeview.hk/dbimages/document/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "1ea24dee4eea8fe971686981f34fd2e0"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-tda10046.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/LVHybrid.sys", 0x8b088, 24602, "$tmpdir/fwtmp"); + verify("$tmpdir/fwtmp", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/fwtmp", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub av7110 { + my $sourcefile = "dvb-ttpci-01.fw-261d"; + my $url = "http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "603431b6259715a8e88f376a53b64e2f"; + my $outfile = "dvb-ttpci-01.fw"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + verify($sourcefile, $hash); + copy($sourcefile, $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub dec2000t { + my $sourcefile = "dec217g.exe"; + my $url = "http://hauppauge.lightpath.net/de/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "bd86f458cee4a8f0a8ce2d20c66215a9"; + my $outfile = "dvb-ttusb-dec-2000t.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/software/OEM/STB/App/Boot/STB_PC_T.bin", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/software/OEM/STB/App/Boot/STB_PC_T.bin", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub dec2540t { + my $sourcefile = "dec217g.exe"; + my $url = "http://hauppauge.lightpath.net/de/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "53e58f4f5b5c2930beee74a7681fed92"; + my $outfile = "dvb-ttusb-dec-2540t.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/software/OEM/STB/App/Boot/STB_PC_X.bin", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/software/OEM/STB/App/Boot/STB_PC_X.bin", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub dec3000s { + my $sourcefile = "dec217g.exe"; + my $url = "http://hauppauge.lightpath.net/de/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "b013ececea83f4d6d8d2a29ac7c1b448"; + my $outfile = "dvb-ttusb-dec-3000s.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/software/OEM/STB/App/Boot/STB_PC_S.bin", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/software/OEM/STB/App/Boot/STB_PC_S.bin", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} +sub opera1{ + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 0); + + checkstandard(); + my $fwfile1="dvb-usb-opera1-fpga-01.fw"; + my $fwfile2="dvb-usb-opera-01.fw"; + extract("2830SCap2.sys", 0x62e8, 55024, "$tmpdir/opera1-fpga.fw"); + extract("2830SLoad2.sys",0x3178,0x3685-0x3178,"$tmpdir/fw1part1"); + extract("2830SLoad2.sys",0x0980,0x3150-0x0980,"$tmpdir/fw1part2"); + delzero("$tmpdir/fw1part1","$tmpdir/fw1part1-1"); + delzero("$tmpdir/fw1part2","$tmpdir/fw1part2-1"); + verify("$tmpdir/fw1part1-1","5e0909858fdf0b5b09ad48b9fe622e70"); + verify("$tmpdir/fw1part2-1","d6e146f321427e931df2c6fcadac37a1"); + verify("$tmpdir/opera1-fpga.fw","0f8133f5e9051f5f3c1928f7e5a1b07d"); + + my $RES1="\x01\x92\x7f\x00\x01\x00"; + my $RES0="\x01\x92\x7f\x00\x00\x00"; + my $DAT1="\x01\x00\xe6\x00\x01\x00"; + my $DAT0="\x01\x00\xe6\x00\x00\x00"; + open FW,">$tmpdir/opera.fw"; + print FW "$RES1"; + print FW "$DAT1"; + print FW "$RES1"; + print FW "$DAT1"; + appendfile(FW,"$tmpdir/fw1part1-1"); + print FW "$RES0"; + print FW "$DAT0"; + print FW "$RES1"; + print FW "$DAT1"; + appendfile(FW,"$tmpdir/fw1part2-1"); + print FW "$RES1"; + print FW "$DAT1"; + print FW "$RES0"; + print FW "$DAT0"; + copy ("$tmpdir/opera1-fpga.fw",$fwfile1); + copy ("$tmpdir/opera.fw",$fwfile2); + + $fwfile1.",".$fwfile2; +} + +sub vp7041 { + my $sourcefile = "2.422.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.twinhan.com/files/driver/USB-Ter/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "e88c9372d1f66609a3e7b072c53fbcfe"; + my $outfile = "dvb-vp7041-2.422.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/VisionDTV/Drivers/Win2K&XP/UDTTload.sys", 12503, 3036, "$tmpdir/fwtmp1"); + extract("$tmpdir/VisionDTV/Drivers/Win2K&XP/UDTTload.sys", 2207, 10274, "$tmpdir/fwtmp2"); + + my $CMD = "\000\001\000\222\177\000"; + my $PAD = "\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\000"; + my ($FW); + open $FW, ">$tmpdir/fwtmp3"; + print $FW "$CMD\001$PAD"; + print $FW "$CMD\001$PAD"; + appendfile($FW, "$tmpdir/fwtmp1"); + print $FW "$CMD\000$PAD"; + print $FW "$CMD\001$PAD"; + appendfile($FW, "$tmpdir/fwtmp2"); + print $FW "$CMD\001$PAD"; + print $FW "$CMD\000$PAD"; + close($FW); + + verify("$tmpdir/fwtmp3", $hash); + copy("$tmpdir/fwtmp3", $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub dibusb { + my $url = "http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/dvb-usb-dibusb-5.0.0.11.fw"; + my $outfile = "dvb-dibusb-5.0.0.11.fw"; + my $hash = "fa490295a527360ca16dcdf3224ca243"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($outfile, $url); + verify($outfile,$hash); + + $outfile; +} + +sub nxt2002 { + my $sourcefile = "Technisat_DVB-PC_4_4_COMPACT.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.bbti.us/download/windows/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "476befae8c7c1bb9648954060b1eec1f"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-nxt2002.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/SkyNET.sys", $hash); + extract("$tmpdir/SkyNET.sys", 331624, 5908, $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub nxt2004 { + my $sourcefile = "AVerTVHD_MCE_A180_Drv_v1.2.2.16.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.avermedia-usa.com/support/Drivers/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "111cb885b1e009188346d72acfed024c"; + my $outfile = "dvb-fe-nxt2004.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/3xHybrid.sys", $hash); + extract("$tmpdir/3xHybrid.sys", 465304, 9584, $outfile); + + $outfile; +} + +sub or51211 { + my $fwfile = "dvb-fe-or51211.fw"; + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/$fwfile"; + my $hash = "d830949c771a289505bf9eafc225d491"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($fwfile, $url); + verify($fwfile, $hash); + + $fwfile; +} + +sub cx231xx { + my $fwfile = "v4l-cx231xx-avcore-01.fw"; + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/$fwfile"; + my $hash = "7d3bb956dc9df0eafded2b56ba57cc42"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($fwfile, $url); + verify($fwfile, $hash); + + $fwfile; +} + +sub cx18 { + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/"; + + my %files = ( + 'v4l-cx23418-apu.fw' => '588f081b562f5c653a3db1ad8f65939a', + 'v4l-cx23418-cpu.fw' => 'b6c7ed64bc44b1a6e0840adaeac39d79', + 'v4l-cx23418-dig.fw' => '95bc688d3e7599fd5800161e9971cc55', + ); + + checkstandard(); + + my $allfiles; + foreach my $fwfile (keys %files) { + wgetfile($fwfile, "$url/$fwfile"); + verify($fwfile, $files{$fwfile}); + $allfiles .= " $fwfile"; + } + + $allfiles =~ s/^\s//; + + $allfiles; +} + +sub mpc718 { + my $archive = 'Yuan MPC718 TV Tuner Card 2.13.10.1016.zip'; + my $url = "ftp://ftp.work.acer-euro.com/desktop/aspire_idea510/vista/Drivers/$archive"; + my $fwfile = "dvb-cx18-mpc718-mt352.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + wgetfile($archive, $url); + unzip($archive, $tmpdir); + + my $sourcefile = "$tmpdir/Yuan MPC718 TV Tuner Card 2.13.10.1016/mpc718_32bit/yuanrap.sys"; + my $found = 0; + + open IN, '<', $sourcefile or die "Couldn't open $sourcefile to extract $fwfile data\n"; + binmode IN; + open OUT, '>', $fwfile; + binmode OUT; + { + # Block scope because we change the line terminator variable $/ + my $prevlen = 0; + my $currlen; + + # Buried in the data segment are 3 runs of almost identical + # register-value pairs that end in 0x5d 0x01 which is a "TUNER GO" + # command for the MT352. + # Pull out the middle run (because it's easy) of register-value + # pairs to make the "firmware" file. + + local $/ = "\x5d\x01"; # MT352 "TUNER GO" + + while (<IN>) { + $currlen = length($_); + if ($prevlen == $currlen && $currlen <= 64) { + chop; chop; # Get rid of "TUNER GO" + s/^\0\0//; # get rid of leading 00 00 if it's there + printf OUT "$_"; + $found = 1; + last; + } + $prevlen = $currlen; + } + } + close OUT; + close IN; + if (!$found) { + unlink $fwfile; + die "Couldn't find valid register-value sequence in $sourcefile for $fwfile\n"; + } + $fwfile; +} + +sub cx23885 { + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/"; + + my %files = ( + 'v4l-cx23885-avcore-01.fw' => 'a9f8f5d901a7fb42f552e1ee6384f3bb', + 'v4l-cx23885-enc.fw' => 'a9f8f5d901a7fb42f552e1ee6384f3bb', + ); + + checkstandard(); + + my $allfiles; + foreach my $fwfile (keys %files) { + wgetfile($fwfile, "$url/$fwfile"); + verify($fwfile, $files{$fwfile}); + $allfiles .= " $fwfile"; + } + + $allfiles =~ s/^\s//; + + $allfiles; +} + +sub pvrusb2 { + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/"; + + my %files = ( + 'v4l-cx25840.fw' => 'dadb79e9904fc8af96e8111d9cb59320', + ); + + checkstandard(); + + my $allfiles; + foreach my $fwfile (keys %files) { + wgetfile($fwfile, "$url/$fwfile"); + verify($fwfile, $files{$fwfile}); + $allfiles .= " $fwfile"; + } + + $allfiles =~ s/^\s//; + + $allfiles; +} + +sub or51132_qam { + my $fwfile = "dvb-fe-or51132-qam.fw"; + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/$fwfile"; + my $hash = "7702e8938612de46ccadfe9b413cb3b5"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($fwfile, $url); + verify($fwfile, $hash); + + $fwfile; +} + +sub or51132_vsb { + my $fwfile = "dvb-fe-or51132-vsb.fw"; + my $url = "http://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/$fwfile"; + my $hash = "c16208e02f36fc439a557ad4c613364a"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($fwfile, $url); + verify($fwfile, $hash); + + $fwfile; +} + +sub bluebird { + my $url = "http://www.linuxtv.org/download/dvb/firmware/dvb-usb-bluebird-01.fw"; + my $outfile = "dvb-usb-bluebird-01.fw"; + my $hash = "658397cb9eba9101af9031302671f49d"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($outfile, $url); + verify($outfile,$hash); + + $outfile; +} + +sub af9015 { + my $sourcefile = "download.ashx?file=57"; + my $url = "http://www.ite.com.tw/EN/Services/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "e3f08935158038d385ad382442f4bb2d"; + my $outfile = "dvb-usb-af9015.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + my $fwoffset = 0x25690; + my $fwlength = 18725; + my ($chunklength, $buf, $rcount); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/Driver/Files/AF15BDA.sys", $hash); + + open INFILE, '<', "$tmpdir/Driver/Files/AF15BDA.sys"; + open OUTFILE, '>', $outfile; + + sysseek(INFILE, $fwoffset, SEEK_SET); + while($fwlength > 0) { + $chunklength = 55; + $chunklength = $fwlength if ($chunklength > $fwlength); + $rcount = sysread(INFILE, $buf, $chunklength); + die "Ran out of data\n" if ($rcount != $chunklength); + syswrite(OUTFILE, $buf); + sysread(INFILE, $buf, 8); + $fwlength -= $rcount + 8; + } + + close OUTFILE; + close INFILE; +} + +sub ngene { + my $url = "http://www.digitaldevices.de/download/"; + my $file1 = "ngene_15.fw"; + my $hash1 = "d798d5a757121174f0dbc5f2833c0c85"; + my $file2 = "ngene_17.fw"; + my $hash2 = "26b687136e127b8ac24b81e0eeafc20b"; + my $url2 = "http://l4m-daten.de/downloads/firmware/dvb-s2/linux/all/"; + my $file3 = "ngene_18.fw"; + my $hash3 = "ebce3ea769a53e3e0b0197c3b3f127e3"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($file1, $url . $file1); + verify($file1, $hash1); + + wgetfile($file2, $url . $file2); + verify($file2, $hash2); + + wgetfile($file3, $url2 . $file3); + verify($file3, $hash3); + + "$file1, $file2, $file3"; +} + +sub az6027{ + my $firmware = "dvb-usb-az6027-03.fw"; + my $url = "http://linux.terratec.de/files/TERRATEC_S7/$firmware"; + + wgetfile($firmware, $url); + + $firmware; +} + +sub lme2510_lg { + my $sourcefile = "LMEBDA_DVBS.sys"; + my $hash = "fc6017ad01e79890a97ec53bea157ed2"; + my $outfile = "dvb-usb-lme2510-lg.fw"; + my $hasho = "caa065d5fdbd2c09ad57b399bbf55cad"; + + checkstandard(); + + verify($sourcefile, $hash); + extract($sourcefile, 4168, 3841, $outfile); + verify($outfile, $hasho); + $outfile; +} + +sub lme2510c_s7395 { + my $sourcefile = "US2A0D.sys"; + my $hash = "b0155a8083fb822a3bd47bc360e74601"; + my $outfile = "dvb-usb-lme2510c-s7395.fw"; + my $hasho = "3a3cf1aeebd17b6ddc04cebe131e94cf"; + + checkstandard(); + + verify($sourcefile, $hash); + extract($sourcefile, 37248, 3720, $outfile); + verify($outfile, $hasho); + $outfile; +} + +sub lme2510c_s7395_old { + my $sourcefile = "LMEBDA_DVBS7395C.sys"; + my $hash = "7572ae0eb9cdf91baabd7c0ba9e09b31"; + my $outfile = "dvb-usb-lme2510c-s7395.fw"; + my $hasho = "90430c5b435eb5c6f88fd44a9d950674"; + + checkstandard(); + + verify($sourcefile, $hash); + extract($sourcefile, 4208, 3881, $outfile); + verify($outfile, $hasho); + $outfile; +} + +sub drxk { + my $url = "http://l4m-daten.de/files/"; + my $zipfile = "DDTuner.zip"; + my $hash = "f5a37b9a20a3534997997c0b1382a3e5"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + my $drvfile = "DDTuner.sys"; + my $fwfile = "drxk_a3.mc"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($zipfile, $url . $zipfile); + verify($zipfile, $hash); + unzip($zipfile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/$drvfile", 0x14dd8, 15634, "$fwfile"); + + "$fwfile" +} + +sub drxk_hauppauge_hvr930c { + my $url = "http://www.wintvcd.co.uk/drivers/"; + my $zipfile = "HVR-9x0_5_10_325_28153_SIGNED.zip"; + my $hash = "83ab82e7e9480ec8bf1ae0155ca63c88"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + my $drvfile = "HVR-900/emOEM.sys"; + my $fwfile = "dvb-usb-hauppauge-hvr930c-drxk.fw"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($zipfile, $url . $zipfile); + verify($zipfile, $hash); + unzip($zipfile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/$drvfile", 0x117b0, 42692, "$fwfile"); + + "$fwfile" +} + +sub drxk_terratec_h5 { + my $url = "http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/"; + my $hash = "19000dada8e2741162ccc50cc91fa7f1"; + my $fwfile = "dvb-usb-terratec-h5-drxk.fw"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($fwfile, $url . $fwfile); + verify($fwfile, $hash); + + "$fwfile" +} + +sub it9135 { + my $sourcefile = "dvb-usb-it9135.zip"; + my $url = "http://www.ite.com.tw/uploads/firmware/v3.6.0.0/$sourcefile"; + my $hash = "1e55f6c8833f1d0ae067c2bb2953e6a9"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 0); + my $outfile = "dvb-usb-it9135.fw"; + my $fwfile1 = "dvb-usb-it9135-01.fw"; + my $fwfile2 = "dvb-usb-it9135-02.fw"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + verify("$tmpdir/$outfile", $hash); + extract("$tmpdir/$outfile", 64, 8128, "$fwfile1"); + extract("$tmpdir/$outfile", 12866, 5817, "$fwfile2"); + + "$fwfile1 $fwfile2" +} + +sub it9137 { + my $url = "http://kworld.server261.com/kworld/CD/ITE_TiVme/V1.00/"; + my $zipfile = "Driver_V10.323.1.0412.100412.zip"; + my $hash = "79b597dc648698ed6820845c0c9d0d37"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 0); + my $drvfile = "Driver_V10.323.1.0412.100412/Data/x86/IT9135BDA.sys"; + my $fwfile = "dvb-usb-it9137-01.fw"; + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($zipfile, $url . $zipfile); + verify($zipfile, $hash); + unzip($zipfile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/$drvfile", 69632, 5731, "$fwfile"); + + "$fwfile" +} + +sub tda10071 { + my $sourcefile = "PCTV_460e_reference.zip"; + my $url = "ftp://ftp.pctvsystems.com/TV/driver/PCTV%2070e%2080e%20100e%20320e%20330e%20800e/"; + my $hash = "4403de903bf2593464c8d74bbc200a57"; + my $fwfile = "dvb-fe-tda10071.fw"; + my $tmpdir = tempdir(DIR => "/tmp", CLEANUP => 1); + + checkstandard(); + + wgetfile($sourcefile, $url . $sourcefile); + verify($sourcefile, $hash); + unzip($sourcefile, $tmpdir); + extract("$tmpdir/PCTV\ 70e\ 80e\ 100e\ 320e\ 330e\ 800e/32\ bit/emOEM.sys", 0x67d38, 40504, $fwfile); + + "$fwfile"; +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------- +# Utilities + +sub checkstandard { + if (system("which unzip > /dev/null 2>&1")) { + die "This firmware requires the unzip command - see ftp://ftp.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/UnZip.html\n"; + } + if (system("which md5sum > /dev/null 2>&1")) { + die "This firmware requires the md5sum command - see http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/\n"; + } + if (system("which wget > /dev/null 2>&1")) { + die "This firmware requires the wget command - see http://wget.sunsite.dk/\n"; + } +} + +sub checkunshield { + if (system("which unshield > /dev/null 2>&1")) { + die "This firmware requires the unshield command - see http://sourceforge.net/projects/synce/\n"; + } +} + +sub wgetfile { + my ($sourcefile, $url) = @_; + + if (! -f $sourcefile) { + system("wget -O \"$sourcefile\" \"$url\"") and die "wget failed - unable to download firmware"; + } +} + +sub unzip { + my ($sourcefile, $todir) = @_; + + $status = system("unzip -q -o -d \"$todir\" \"$sourcefile\" 2>/dev/null" ); + if ((($status >> 8) > 2) || (($status & 0xff) != 0)) { + die ("unzip failed - unable to extract firmware"); + } +} + +sub unshield { + my ($sourcefile, $todir) = @_; + + system("unshield x -d \"$todir\" \"$sourcefile\" > /dev/null" ) and die ("unshield failed - unable to extract firmware"); +} + +sub verify { + my ($filename, $hash) = @_; + my ($testhash); + + open(CMD, "md5sum \"$filename\"|"); + $testhash = <CMD>; + $testhash =~ /([a-zA-Z0-9]*)/; + $testhash = $1; + close CMD; + die "Hash of extracted file does not match!\n" if ($testhash ne $hash); +} + +sub copy { + my ($from, $to) = @_; + + system("cp -f \"$from\" \"$to\"") and die ("cp failed"); +} + +sub extract { + my ($infile, $offset, $length, $outfile) = @_; + my ($chunklength, $buf, $rcount); + + open INFILE, "<$infile"; + open OUTFILE, ">$outfile"; + sysseek(INFILE, $offset, SEEK_SET); + while($length > 0) { + # Calc chunk size + $chunklength = 2048; + $chunklength = $length if ($chunklength > $length); + + $rcount = sysread(INFILE, $buf, $chunklength); + die "Ran out of data\n" if ($rcount != $chunklength); + syswrite(OUTFILE, $buf); + $length -= $rcount; + } + close INFILE; + close OUTFILE; +} + +sub appendfile { + my ($FH, $infile) = @_; + my ($buf); + + open INFILE, "<$infile"; + while(1) { + $rcount = sysread(INFILE, $buf, 2048); + last if ($rcount == 0); + print $FH $buf; + } + close(INFILE); +} + +sub delzero{ + my ($infile,$outfile) =@_; + + open INFILE,"<$infile"; + open OUTFILE,">$outfile"; + while (1){ + $rcount=sysread(INFILE,$buf,22); + $len=ord(substr($buf,0,1)); + print OUTFILE substr($buf,0,1); + print OUTFILE substr($buf,2,$len+3); + last if ($rcount<1); + printf OUTFILE "%c",0; +#print $len." ".length($buf)."\n"; + + } + close(INFILE); + close(OUTFILE); +} + +sub syntax() { + print STDERR "syntax: get_dvb_firmware <component>\n"; + print STDERR "Supported components:\n"; + @components = sort @components; + for($i=0; $i < scalar(@components); $i++) { + print STDERR "\t" . $components[$i] . "\n"; + } + exit(1); +} diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/it9137.txt b/Documentation/dvb/it9137.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9e6726ee --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/it9137.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +To extract firmware for Kworld UB499-2T (id 1b80:e409) you need to copy the +following file(s) to this directory. + +IT9135BDA.sys Dated Mon 22 Mar 2010 02:20:08 GMT + +extract using dd +dd if=IT9135BDA.sys ibs=1 skip=69632 count=5731 of=dvb-usb-it9137-01.fw + +copy to default firmware location. diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/lmedm04.txt b/Documentation/dvb/lmedm04.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f4b720a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/lmedm04.txt @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +To extract firmware for the DM04/QQBOX you need to copy the +following file(s) to this directory. + +for DM04+/QQBOX LME2510C (Sharp 7395 Tuner) +------------------------------------------- + +The Sharp 7395 driver can be found in windows/system32/drivers + +US2A0D.sys (dated 17 Mar 2009) + + +and run +./get_dvb_firmware lme2510c_s7395 + + will produce + dvb-usb-lme2510c-s7395.fw + +An alternative but older firmware can be found on the driver +disk DVB-S_EN_3.5A in BDADriver/driver + +LMEBDA_DVBS7395C.sys (dated 18 Jan 2008) + +and run +./get_dvb_firmware lme2510c_s7395_old + + will produce + dvb-usb-lme2510c-s7395.fw + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The LG firmware can be found on the driver +disk DM04+_5.1A[LG] in BDADriver/driver + +for DM04 LME2510 (LG Tuner) +--------------------------- + +LMEBDA_DVBS.sys (dated 13 Nov 2007) + +and run +./get_dvb_firmware lme2510_lg + + will produce + dvb-usb-lme2510-lg.fw + + +Other LG firmware can be extracted manually from US280D.sys +only found in windows/system32/drivers + +dd if=US280D.sys ibs=1 skip=42360 count=3924 of=dvb-usb-lme2510-lg.fw + +for DM04 LME2510C (LG Tuner) +--------------------------- + +dd if=US280D.sys ibs=1 skip=35200 count=3850 of=dvb-usb-lme2510c-lg.fw + +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The Sharp 0194 tuner driver can be found in windows/system32/drivers + +US290D.sys (dated 09 Apr 2009) + +For LME2510 +dd if=US290D.sys ibs=1 skip=36856 count=3976 of=dvb-usb-lme2510-s0194.fw + + +For LME2510C +dd if=US290D.sys ibs=1 skip=33152 count=3697 of=dvb-usb-lme2510c-s0194.fw + +--------------------------------------------------------------------- + +The m88rs2000 tuner driver can be found in windows/system32/drivers + +US2B0D.sys (dated 29 Jun 2010) + +dd if=US2B0D.sys ibs=1 skip=34432 count=3871 of=dvb-usb-lme2510c-rs2000.fw + +We need to modify id of rs2000 firmware or it will warm boot id 3344:1120. + +echo -ne \\xF0\\x22 | dd conv=notrunc bs=1 count=2 seek=266 of=dvb-usb-lme2510c-rs2000.fw + +Copy the firmware file(s) to /lib/firmware diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/opera-firmware.txt b/Documentation/dvb/opera-firmware.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..93e784c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/opera-firmware.txt @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +To extract the firmware for the Opera DVB-S1 USB-Box +you need to copy the files: + +2830SCap2.sys +2830SLoad2.sys + +from the windriver disk into this directory. + +Then run + +./get_dvb_firware opera1 + +and after that you have 2 files: + +dvb-usb-opera-01.fw +dvb-usb-opera1-fpga-01.fw + +in here. + +Copy them into /lib/firmware/ . + +After that the driver can load the firmware +(if you have enabled firmware loading +in kernel config and have hotplug running). + + +Marco Gittler <g.marco@freenet.de>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/readme.txt b/Documentation/dvb/readme.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0b0380c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/readme.txt @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +Linux Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) subsystem +============================================= + +The main development site and CVS repository for these +drivers is http://linuxtv.org/. + +The developer mailing list linux-dvb is also hosted there, +see http://linuxtv.org/lists.php. Please check +the archive http://linuxtv.org/pipermail/linux-dvb/ +and the Wiki http://linuxtv.org/wiki/ +before asking newbie questions on the list. + +API documentation, utilities and test/example programs +are available as part of the old driver package for Linux 2.4 +(linuxtv-dvb-1.0.x.tar.gz), or from CVS (module DVB). +We plan to split this into separate packages, but it's not +been done yet. + +http://linuxtv.org/downloads/ + +What's inside this directory: + +"avermedia.txt" +contains detailed information about the +Avermedia DVB-T cards. See also "bt8xx.txt". + +"bt8xx.txt" +contains detailed information about the +various bt8xx based "budget" DVB cards. + +"cards.txt" +contains a list of supported hardware. + +"ci.txt" +contains detailed information about the +CI module as part from TwinHan cards and Clones. + +"contributors.txt" +is the who-is-who of DVB development. + +"faq.txt" +contains frequently asked questions and their answers. + +"get_dvb_firmware" +script to download and extract firmware for those devices +that require it. + +"ttusb-dec.txt" +contains detailed information about the +TT DEC2000/DEC3000 USB DVB hardware. + +"udev.txt" +how to get DVB and udev up and running. + +"README.dvb-usb" +contains detailed information about the DVB USB cards. + +"README.flexcop" +contains detailed information about the +Technisat- and Flexcop B2C2 drivers. + +Good luck and have fun! diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt b/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f0cc4f2d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/technisat.txt @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +How to set up the Technisat/B2C2 Flexcop devices +================================================ + +1) Find out what device you have +================================ + +Important Notice: The driver does NOT support Technisat USB 2 devices! + +First start your linux box with a shipped kernel: +lspci -vvv for a PCI device (lsusb -vvv for an USB device) will show you for example: +02:0b.0 Network controller: Techsan Electronics Co Ltd B2C2 FlexCopII DVB chip / + Technisat SkyStar2 DVB card (rev 02) + +dmesg | grep frontend may show you for example: +DVB: registering frontend 0 (Conexant CX24123/CX24109)... + +2) Kernel compilation: +====================== + +If the Flexcop / Technisat is the only DVB / TV / Radio device in your box + get rid of unnecessary modules and check this one: +"Multimedia support" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build" +In this directory uncheck every driver which is activated there + (except "Simple tuner support" for ATSC 3rd generation only -> see case 9 please). + +Then please activate: +2a) Main module part: +"Multimedia support" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" + => "Technisat/B2C2 FlexcopII(b) and FlexCopIII adapters" + +a.) => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC PCI" (PCI card) or +b.) => "Technisat/B2C2 Air/Sky/Cable2PC USB" (USB 1.1 adapter) + and for troubleshooting purposes: +c.) => "Enable debug for the B2C2 FlexCop drivers" + +2b) Frontend / Tuner / Demodulator module part: +"Multimedia support" => "DVB/ATSC adapters" + => "Customise the frontend modules to build" "Customise DVB frontends" => + +1.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.3: +a.) => "Zarlink VP310/MT312/ZL10313 based" +b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners" + +2.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.6: +a.) => "ST STV0299 based" +b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners" + +3.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.7: +a.) => "Samsung S5H1420 based" +b.) => "Integrant ITD1000 Zero IF tuner for DVB-S/DSS" +c.) => "ISL6421 SEC controller" + +4.) SkyStar DVB-S Revision 2.8: +a.) => "Conexant CX24123 based" +b.) => "Conexant CX24113/CX24128 tuner for DVB-S/DSS" +c.) => "ISL6421 SEC controller" + +5.) AirStar DVB-T card: +a.) => "Zarlink MT352 based" +b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners" + +6.) CableStar DVB-C card: +a.) => "ST STV0297 based" +b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners" + +7.) AirStar ATSC card 1st generation: +a.) => "Broadcom BCM3510" + +8.) AirStar ATSC card 2nd generation: +a.) => "NxtWave Communications NXT2002/NXT2004 based" +b.) => "Generic I2C PLL based tuners" + +9.) AirStar ATSC card 3rd generation: +a.) => "LG Electronics LGDT3302/LGDT3303 based" +b.) "Multimedia support" => "Customise analog and hybrid tuner modules to build" + => "Simple tuner support" + +Author: Uwe Bugla <uwe.bugla@gmx.de> August 2009 diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/ttusb-dec.txt b/Documentation/dvb/ttusb-dec.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b2f271cd --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/ttusb-dec.txt @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +TechnoTrend/Hauppauge DEC USB Driver +==================================== + +Driver Status +------------- + +Supported: + DEC2000-t + DEC2450-t + DEC3000-s + Linux Kernels 2.4 and 2.6 + Video Streaming + Audio Streaming + Section Filters + Channel Zapping + Hotplug firmware loader under 2.6 kernels + +To Do: + Tuner status information + DVB network interface + Streaming video PC->DEC + Conax support for 2450-t + +Getting the Firmware +-------------------- +To download the firmware, use the following commands: +"get_dvb_firmware dec2000t" +"get_dvb_firmware dec2540t" +"get_dvb_firmware dec3000s" + + +Compilation Notes for 2.4 kernels +--------------------------------- +For 2.4 kernels the firmware for the DECs is compiled into the driver itself. + +Copy the three files downloaded above into the build-2.4 directory. + + +Hotplug Firmware Loading for 2.6 kernels +---------------------------------------- +For 2.6 kernels the firmware is loaded at the point that the driver module is +loaded. See linux/Documentation/dvb/firmware.txt for more information. + +Copy the three files downloaded above into the /usr/lib/hotplug/firmware or +/lib/firmware directory (depending on configuration of firmware hotplug). diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/udev.txt b/Documentation/dvb/udev.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..412305b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/dvb/udev.txt @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +The DVB subsystem currently registers to the sysfs subsystem using the +"class_simple" interface. + +This means that only the basic information like module loading parameters +are presented through sysfs. Other things that might be interesting are +currently *not* available. + +Nevertheless it's now possible to add proper udev rules so that the +DVB device nodes are created automatically. + +We assume that you have udev already up and running and that have been +creating the DVB device nodes manually up to now due to the missing sysfs +support. + +0. Don't forget to disable your current method of creating the +device nodes manually. + +1. Unfortunately, you'll need a helper script to transform the kernel +sysfs device name into the well known dvb adapter / device naming scheme. +The script should be called "dvb.sh" and should be placed into a script +dir where udev can execute it, most likely /etc/udev/scripts/ + +So, create a new file /etc/udev/scripts/dvb.sh and add the following: +------------------------------schnipp------------------------------------------------ +#!/bin/sh +/bin/echo $1 | /bin/sed -e 's,dvb\([0-9]\)\.\([^0-9]*\)\([0-9]\),dvb/adapter\1/\2\3,' +------------------------------schnipp------------------------------------------------ + +Don't forget to make the script executable with "chmod". + +1. You need to create a proper udev rule that will create the device nodes +like you know them. All real distributions out there scan the /etc/udev/rules.d +directory for rule files. The main udev configuration file /etc/udev/udev.conf +will tell you the directory where the rules are, most likely it's /etc/udev/rules.d/ + +Create a new rule file in that directory called "dvb.rule" and add the following line: +------------------------------schnipp------------------------------------------------ +KERNEL="dvb*", PROGRAM="/etc/udev/scripts/dvb.sh %k", NAME="%c" +------------------------------schnipp------------------------------------------------ + +If you want more control over the device nodes (for example a special group membership) +have a look at "man udev". + +For every device that registers to the sysfs subsystem with a "dvb" prefix, +the helper script /etc/udev/scripts/dvb.sh is invoked, which will then +create the proper device node in your /dev/ directory. |